新人教版必修2高中英语Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldSectionⅣGrammar直接引语与间接引语Ⅱ祈使句教案.docx
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新人教版必修2高中英语Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldSectionⅣGrammar直接引语与间接引语Ⅱ祈使句教案
SectionⅣ Grammar—直接引语与间接引语（Ⅱ）—祈使句
[新知导引]
1．（教材P12）“Lookatthisexample，”theteachersaidtous.
→Theteachertold_us_to_lookatthatexample.
2．（教材P12）“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat？
”sheasked.
→Sheasked_me_to_see_herflat.
3．“Don'tlookoutofthewindow,boys，”saidtheteacher.
→Theteachertold_the_boys_not_to_lookoutofthewindow.
4．Hesaid,“Howcleverthechildis！
”
→Hesaid_howcleverthechildwas.
[语法详解]
1．祈使句的直接引语变间接引语，祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词＋宾语＋动词不定式”结构。
常见的引述动词有ask,tell,beg,warn,remind,advise,order等。
引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind,warn等词转述。
*“Takeanumbrellaincaseofrain.”hismothersaidtohim.
→Hismotherremindedhimtotakeanumbrellaincaseofrain.
*Theleadersaidtotheworkers,“Don'tspeakwhileworking.”
→Theleaderwarnedtheworkersnottospeakwhileworking.
[名师点津]
（1）无论是否定祈使句，还是表示委婉语气的否定疑问句，在变为间接引语时，要用不定式的否定形式：
①引述表示命令的祈使句，变间接引语时常采用ask/tell/ordersb.（not）todosth.的形式。
*“Finishthetaskintenminutes.”themanagersaidtotheclerk.
→Themanagertoldtheclerktofinishthetaskintenminutes.
*“Keepsilent！
”thechairmansaidtothestudents.
→Thechairmanorderedthestudentstokeepsilent.
②当直接引语为表示建议、提议、请求、劝告的祈使句（或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句）时，多用suggest＋doing/that从句（如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should＋动词原形，should也可省略），及ask/advise/want/begsb.＋todo等结构。
*Marysaid,“Let'sgototheartexhibitionthisafternoon.”
→Marysuggestedgoingtotheartexhibitionthatafternoon.
→Marysuggestedthatwe（should）gototheartexhibitionthatafternoon.
*“Pleasehavearest.”Shesaidtous.
→Sheaskedustohavearest.
（2）直接引语中的称呼语变为间接引语时，一般把它当作主句谓语动词的宾语用。
*Shesaid,“Don'tmakesomuchnoise,children！
”
→Shetoldthechildrennottomakesomuchnoise.
2．感叹句的直接引语变间接引语，直接引语为感叹句时，间接引语可用what或how引导，也可以用that引导。
*“Whatabeautifuldressitis！
”thegirlsaidtoherfriend.
→Thegirltoldherfriendwhatabeautifuldressitwas.
“Howlovelythegirlis！
”hesaid.
→Hesaidhowlovelythegirlwas.,
考情分析
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语是间接引语的考查重点，会结合非谓语动词中的动词不定式考查。
注意：
若祈使句中没有称呼语，应根据句子给动词ask,tell,order等补上适当的宾语。
例如：
“Watchcarefully，”hesaid.
→Hetoldustowatchcarefully.
即时训练
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．Shesaidtome,“Havelunchwithus.”
Sheaskedmeto_have（have）lunchwiththem.
2．“Don'tbelateagain,Mary，”hesaid.
HetoldMarynot_to_be（be）lateagain.
3．“Listentotheteachercarefullyinclass！
”saidMr.Wangtohisson.
Mr.Wangtoldhissonto_listen（listen）totheteachercarefullyinclass.
Ⅱ.将直接引语改为间接引语
1．Shesaidtoherdaughter,“Don'tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom！
”
→Shetoldherdaughternot_to_forget_to_turn_off_the_light_when_she_left_the_room.
2．“Comeearlytomorrow,Jim，”hesaid.
→HetoldJimto_come_early_the_next_day.
3．“Don'tmakeanynoise，”saidMrs.Gaotothechildren.
→Mrs.Gaotoldthechildrennot_to_make_any_noise.
Ⅰ.把直接引语变为间接引语或间接引语变为直接引语
1．TheEnglishteachersaidtous,“Don'ttalkinclass！
”
→TheEnglishteacherwarnedusnot_to_talkinclass.
2．Williamsaidtohissister,“Don'ttouchmytoys.”
→Williamwarnedhissisternot_to_touch_histoys.
3．“SetdowntheseusefulEnglishsentences，”MissLeesaidtous.
→MissLeetoldusto_set_down_thoseusefulEnglishsentences.
4．“Don'tplaythevideogamesanylonger！
”Mr.Greensaidtohisson.
→Mr.Greenaskedhissonnot_to_playthevideogamesanylonger.
5．Tonyaskedthegirltoshowhimhowtousethenewcellphone.
→“Please_show_mehowtousethenewcellphone，”Tonysaidtothegirl.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．MrSmithsaidMaryisn'tangryjudgingfromtheexpressiononherface.isn't→wasn't
2．Mothertoldherchildrentonotplaycomputergamesfrequently.to_not→not_to
3．Thedoctorsuggestedthatitwasquitenecessaryforhertokeepahealthydietbecauseofherobesity（肥胖）．
was→（should）_be
4．TheteacheraskedTomcomeuptotheblackboardandwritedownEnglishe→to_come
5．LiHuaaskedhisdeskmatethatheplayedanimportantroleinthemoviedirectedbyZhangYimou.that→if/whether
Ⅲ.语法与写作
1．杰克告诉我聚会不要迟到。
Jack_told_me_not_to_be_late_for_the_gettogether.
2．老师让我们明天早上交作业。
The_teacher_asked_us_to_hand_in_our_homework_the_next_morning.
3．妈妈告诉我在爸爸睡觉时不要弹吉他。
Mother_told_me_not_to_play_the_guitar_while_my_father_was_sleeping.
4．格林太太要求她丈夫五点以前回家。
Mrs_Green_requested_her_husband_to_go_back_home_before_5_o'clock.
5．我警告孩子们不要靠近那条大狗。
I_warned_the_children_not_to_get_close_to_the_big_dog.
课时作业（八） Unit2 SectionⅣ Grammar—
直接引语与间接引语（Ⅱ）—祈使句授课提示：
对应学生用书117页
Ⅰ.语法与写作
1．Theteachertoldthestudentto_set_downwhathesaid.
老师要这个学生记下他所说的话。
（set）
2．Sheaskedhimto_add_upallthenumbers.
她要他把所有的数字都加起来。
（add）
3．Thefathertoldhischildrennot_to_join_inthatactivity.
父亲告诉孩子们不要参加那个活动。
（join）
4．Themanagerorderedhisworkersto_give_up_the_plan.
经理命令工人们放弃这项计划。
（give）
5．Theguideadvisedthetouristto_pack_upandstartout.
导游建议游客打包好并且启程。
（pack）
6．Thechairmansuggestedwe（should）_get_along_well_with_each_otherandworkhardtoachieveourgoal.
主席建议我们应该友好相处，并且努力工作来实现我们的目标。
（get）
7．Pleaseasktheneighboursnot_to_make_so_much_noise.
请叫邻居们不要这样喧哗。
（make）
8．Themotherwarnedherchildnot_to_get_too_close_tothewater.
妈妈告诫孩子不要太靠近水边。
（get）
Ⅱ.阅读理解
TowardstheendofMiddleEnglish,asuddenchangeinpronunciationstarted,withvowels（元音）pronouncedshorterandshorter.Fromthe16thcenturytheBritishhadcontact（接触）withmanypeoplefromaroundtheworld.Thismeantthatmanynewwordsandphrasesenteredthelanguage.Theinventionofprintingalsomeantthattherewasnowacommonlanguageinprint.Booksbecamecheaperandmorepeoplelearnedtoread.Spellingandgrammarbecamefixed,andthedialectofLondonbecamethestandard.In1604thefirstEnglishdictionarycameout.
EarlyModernEnglishandLateModernEnglisharemostlydifferentinthenumberofwords.LateModernEnglishhasmanymorewords,mainlybecauseofthefollowingtworeasons:
First,theIndustrialRevolution（工业革命）ledtotheneedfornewwords.Second,theBritishEmpirecoveredonequarteroftheearth'ssurface,andtheEnglishlanguagetookinforeignwordsfrommanycountries.
Fromaround1600,theEnglishcolonization（殖民地化）ofNorthAmericaledtoAmericanEnglish.SomeEnglishpronunciationsandwordsfrozewhentheyreachedAmerica.Insomeways,AmericanEnglishismoreliketheEnglishofShakespearethanmodernBritishEnglish.Someexpressionsthatarecalled“Americanisms”areinfactfromBritishexpressions.TheywerekeptinthecolonieswhilelostforatimeinBritain.SpanishalsohadaninfluenceonAmericanEnglish.Forexample,wordslikecanyon,ranch,stampedeandvigilantearefromSpanish.FrenchwordsandWestAfricanwords（throughtheslavetrade）alsoinfluencedAmericanEnglish.
Today,AmericanEnglishhasagreaterinfluence,becauseoftheUSA'smovies,television,popularmusic,tradeandtechnology.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了英语的发展史。
1．ThemaindifferencebetweenEarlyandLateModernEnglishliesin________.
A．vocabulary B．spelling
C．grammarD．pronunciation
答案与解析：
A 细节理解题。
根据第二段的“EarlyModernEnglishandLateModernEnglisharemostlydifferentinthenumberofwords.”可推知答案。
2．WhathelpedtoincreasethevocabularyofLaterModernEnglish?
a．theinventionofprinting
b．theIndustrialRevolution
c．thecolonization
d．thecontactwithothercountries
A．a，b，cB．a，c，d
C．a，b，dD．b，c，d
答案与解析：
D 细节理解题。
根据第二段的“mainlybecauseofthefollowingtworeasons:
First,theIndustrialRevolution（工业革命）ledtotheneedfornewwords.Second,theBritishEmpirecoveredonequarteroftheearth'ssurface,andtheEnglishlanguagetookinforeignwordsfrommanycountries.”可推知答案。
3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“froze”inParagraph3mean?
A．Remainedunchanged.B．Disappeared.
C．Improved.D．Keptactive.
答案与解析：
A 词义猜测题。
根据第三段的“Someexpressionsthatarecalled‘Americanisms’areinfactfromBritishexpressions.”可推知答案。
4．Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksabout________.
A．differentkindsofEnglish
B．EnglishcoloniesinNorthAmerica
C．otherlanguageisinfluenceonAmericanEnglish
D．thedifferencebetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish
答案与解析：
C 主旨大意题。
根据第三段的“SpanishalsohadaninfluenceonAmericanEnglish.Forexample,wordslikecanyon,ranch,stampedeandvigilantearefromSpanish.FrenchwordsandWestAfricanwords（throughtheslavetrade）alsoinfluencedAmericanEnglish.”可推知答案。
Ⅲ.阅读填句
Takingnotesisveryimportantinhighschool.Ifyoudon'ttakenotes,youmayfinditdifficulttogooverthelessons.__1__Youneedtogetsomeskillsinordertotakeperfectnotes.Herearesometipstohelpyou.
Trynottooverdoit.Somestudentslikewritingdowneveryword.__2__Ifyouwanttowritedowneveryword,youmaymissthemostimportantpoints.Somepeoplelearnwellbylisteningcarefully,writingdownafewkeypoints,andthengoingoverthematerialafterclasswhentheyhavemoretime.Sojustmakesurethatyou'vewrittendownthemostimportantpoints.
Askyourteachertorepeatsomething.__3__Ifyou'vemissedsomethingortheteacherisgoingtoofast,youcanraiseyourhandandaskyourteachertorepeatit.Chancesareifyoumissedsomething,oneofyourclassmatesmighthavemissedtoo.Sothere'snothingwrongwithaskingforsomethingtoberepeated.
__4__Reviewingorrecopyingyournoteswhenyougethomecanhelpyourememberwhatyouhavelearntduringtheday.Dothenotesyou'vetakenmatchupwith（匹配）yourtextbook?
Youcanalsocompareyournoteswithafriend.Thishelpsyourememberthemostimportantpointsandcanhelpwhenpreparingforatestoranexam.
Reviewyournotesfromtimetotime.Ifyoudon'treviewyournotes,youmayforgetwhatyouhavelearned.Butifyoureviewyournotesregularly,you'llrememberwellwhatyou'velearned.Thiscanhelpyoualotwhenyouhavetotakeatestoranexam.__5__
A．This
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