新概念第二册课堂笔记Lesson 69.docx
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新概念第二册课堂笔记Lesson69
Lesson69Butnotmurder!
【语法Grammarinuse】
被动语态
(1)被动语态的基本形式:
Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.
最近它被一个客人弄坏了。
(一般过去时)
Passingplanescanbeheardnightandday.
过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。
(与情态助动词连用)
Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.
有一百多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去。
(must与被动语态的完成式连用)
Thebicyclewasbeingsenttohishomebytrain.
人们正用火车给他把自行车送回家。
(被动语态用于过去进行时)
Heneverexpectedthethieftobearrested.
他从未指望那小偷能被逮着。
(被动语态用于复合宾语中的不定式结构中)
Thewholevillagesoonlearntthatalargesumofmoneyhadbeenlost.
整个村子很快知道,有一大笔钱丢失了。
(用于过去完成时)
(2)被动语态还可以用于介词+动名词结构中。
介词(after,before,on)+动名词这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。
如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成,则可以用after+动名词的完成式表示第1个动作;
如果只表示先后顺序,则可用after(或before)+动名词结构;
on+动名词通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生:
Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.在接到把车开出城的指令后,我开始有了信心。
Themancalledthepoliceafterbeingrobbed.那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话。
Hekilledachildbeforebeingarrested.他在被捕前杀死了一个孩子。
On/Afterbeingtoldthathermotherwasseriouslyill,shehurriedbacktoEngland.她得知母亲病重后连忙回到英国。
被动语态用于介词+动名词结构在英语中是很正式的用法,一般不用于口语中。
(3)被动语态用于want后面的不定式中时,tobe可以省略:
Iwanttheluggagefetchedfromthehotelthisafternoon.
我希望有人今天下午去把行李从旅馆取回来。
want后跟被动语态时往往表示希望别人完成所说的动作。
(4)被动语态还可用于过去进行时,以强调动作的持续性
【Newwordsandexpressions】
★murdern.谋杀
Murderisahorriblecrime.谋杀是一种恐怖的罪行。
murderv.谋杀/糟蹋,毁了
Theyfoundthathehadbeenmurdered. 他们判定他是被谋杀的
Panjinlian,togetherwithXienqiangmurderedherhusband.
Hemurderedthewholework.
murderer杀人犯
★instructv.命令,指示
instructsomeonetodosomething 命令某人做某事
Ihavebeeninstructedtowaithereuntilhecomes
instructionn.说明书
★acquirev.取得,获得,获得,学到(知识、技术、语言等),养成(习惯等)
Aftermanyyearsefforts,Ifinallyacquiredthetrustofmyworkmates.
acquireconfidence获得信心
MaryacquiredagoodknowledgeofChineseinfiveyears’time.
Tomacquiredahabitofsmoking.
★confidencen.信心
Shehasalotofconfidence.她充满了自信.
Shehasgreatconfidenceinhersuccess.
shattersb’sconfidence动摇某人的信心
withgreatconfidence满怀信心
★examinern.主考人
★supposev.假设
Supposeconj.如果/假设
Supposewemissthetrain,whatwilldothen?
SupposeyouhadaBenz,howwouldyoufeel?
Supposev.假设/猜想
Isupposeitwillrain.
Supposeyouhadonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?
Supposeyouwerehim,whatwouldyoudo?
常用于“letussupposethat”这个结构:
Letussupposethatthereisaforestfire.让我们假设发生了森林火灾。
★tapv.轻敲
Hetappedonthedoor.
★reactv.反应
Howdidshereacttoyoursuggestion?
Shereactedbygettingangry.
reactionn.反映
What’sherreactiontoyourdecision?
★braken.刹车support
Press(puton)brake/ac-ce-le-ra-tor踩刹车/油门
Thedrivebrakedhardasthedogranontotheroad.
★pedaln.踏板
Brakepedal
★mourn-fuladj.悲哀的
Therewasamournfullookonherface.
ajoyful/mournfulsound高兴[悲伤]的声音
Miseryandmournful苦楚悲痛
【Text】
Butnotmurder!
Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime.Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully.Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.SurethatIhadpassed,Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest.Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance,forhesmiledandsaid,'Justonemorething,Mr.Eames.Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou.AssoonasItaponthewindow,youmuststopwithinfivefeet.'Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime,theexaminertappedloudly.Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly,ittookmealongtimetoreact.Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwewereboththrownforward.Theexaminerlookedatmesadly.'Mr.Eames,'hesaid,inamournfulvoice,'youhavejustkilledthatchild!
'
我当时是正在被第3次考试驶执照。
我被要求在车辆拥挤的路上驾驶,并且成功地这么做了。
在被指示把车开出城后,我开始有了信心。
确信我已通过考试,我几乎开始喜欢起我的考试了。
主考人肯定对我的表现是满意的,因为他微笑着说:
“只有一件事了,Eames先生。
让我们假设一个小孩子突然在你前面穿过马路。
我一敲车窗,你必须得在5英尺之内停下。
”我继续开车,过了一会儿,主考人大声地敲了起来。
尽管声音能被很清楚地听到,但我还是花了好长时间才作出反应。
我突然用力踩紧刹车踏板,我们俩都被向前扔了出去。
主考人伤心地看着我。
“Eames先生,”他以悲伤的声调说,“你刚刚把那个小孩压死了!
”
【课文讲解】
Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime.我当时是正在被第
window,youmuststopwithinfivefeet.'主考人肯定对我的表现是满意的,因为他微笑着说:
“只有一件事了,Eames先生。
让我们假设一个小孩子突然在你前面穿过马路。
我一敲车窗,你必须得在5英尺之内停下。
”
musthavebeen表示对过去的事情的猜测
performancen.表现,表演,工作情况
bepleasedwith对……满意
Theyarepleasedwithhiswork.他们对他的工作满意。
Themanagerisn'tverypleasedwithhissecretary.经理对他的秘书不太满意。
more附加的;额外的:
Sheneedssomemoretime.她需要更多的时间
letussupposethat…让我们假设……
Letussupposethatthereisaforestfire.
Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime,theexaminertappedloudly.我继续开车,过了一会儿,主考人大声地敲了起来。
Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly,ittookmealongtimetoreact.尽管声音能被很清楚地听到,但我还是花了好长时间才作出反应。
Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwewereboththrownforward.
我突然用力踩紧刹车踏板,我们俩都被向前扔了出去。
Theexaminerlookedatmesadly.'Mr.Eames,'hesaid,inamournfulvoice,'youhavejustkilledthatchild!
'
inamournfulvoice用悲伤的声调
ina…voice以……的声调
Hetoldthemthenewsinasad/excitedvoice.
Summarywriting摘要写作
Answerthesequestionsinnotmorethan80words.
回答下列问题,将答案组成一个段落,不要超过80个单词。
1 HadMr.Eamesdrivensuccessfullyinheavytrafficduringhisthirddrivingtestornot?
Whatdidtheexaminerinstruct himtodo?
(when)
Mr.Eameshaddrivensuccessfullythroughheavytrafficduringhisthirddrivingtestwhentheexaminerinstructedhimtodriveoutoftown.
2Whatdidhetellhimtosuppose?
(that…would)
Hetoldhimtosupposethatachildwouldsuddenlycrosstheroadinfrontofhim.
3 WhatwouldMr.Eameshavetodowhentheexaminertappedonthewindow?
Mr.Eameswouldhavetostopthecarwithinfivefeetwhentheexaminertappedonthewindow.
4 Didhetaploudlyornot?
DidMr.Eamesreactquicklyenoughornot?
Whatwashetold?
(Though…and)
Thoughhetappedloudly,Mr.Eamesdidnotreactquicklyenoughandwastoldthathehadjustkilledthechild.
Composition作文
Writetwoorthreesentencesusingtheideasgivenbelow:
用以下词组写出2至3个句子来:
ThreemonthslaterEarmesappearedforhisfourthtest----againtoldtostop----theexaminerwasthrownforward,butthe child'slifewassaved----Eamespassedhistest,buttheexaminersaid,‘Younearlykilledmethistime!
’
Threemonthslater,Eamesappearedforhisfourthdrivingtest.Hewastoldtostopagain.Hestopped,theexaminerwasthrownforwardbutthechild'slifewassaved.Atlast,Eamespassedhistest,buttheexaminersaid,"Younearlykilledmethistime!
"
Letterwriting书信写作
Writefiveopeningphraseswhichcouldbeusedinletterstofriendsorrelations.
为给朋友和亲戚的信写出5句开头语。
Keystructures关键句型
Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.
被动语态
a Youhavelearnttowritesentenceslikethese:
你已经学习了写这样的句子:
ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.(KS10)(第10课关键句型)
Itoldyouitcouldbedone.(KS21)(第21课关键句型)
Ican'tfindmybag.Itmusthavebeenstolen.(KS21)(第21课关键句型)
Themanwasbeingquestionedbythepolice.(KS34)(第34课关键句型)
Heneverexpectedthebicycletobefound.(KS34)(第34课关键句型)
Ifoundtheparcelhadbeensenttothewrongaddress.(KS45)(第45课关键句型)
b Nowstudythesesentences:
仔细阅读以下句子:
Insteadofsaying:
除了这种表达方法外:
Wecansay:
还可以说:
Afterhewasarrested,themanconfessedthathehadstolenthemoney.
Afterbeingarrested,themanconfessedthathehadstolenthemoney.
Afterhehadbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,hebegantoacquireconfidence.
Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,hebegantoacquireconfidence.
Exercises练习
A Underlinetheverbsinthepassagewhicharesimilarinformtotheexamplesgivenabove.
在课文中划出与以上句型相似的动词。
B Givethecorrectformoftheverbsinparentheses.Donotrefertothepassageuntilyoufinishtheexercise.
用正确的时态填空,完成练习后再对照课文核对你的答案。
I____(test)formydrivinglicenceforthethirdtime.I____(ask)todriveinheavytrafficandhaddone sosuccessfully.After____(have/instruct)todriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.SurethatIhad passed,Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest.Theexaminer____(must/please)withmyperformance,for hesmiledandsaid,‘Justonemorething,Mr.Eames.Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontof you.AssoonasItaponthewindow,youmust____(stop)withinfivefeet.’Icontinueddrivingandaftersome time,theexaminertappedloudly.Thoughthesound____(could/hear)clearly,ittookmealongtimetoreact.Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandweboth____(throw)forward.
Specialdifficulties难点
Wordsoftenconfused经常容易混淆的词
a Practice,Advice.
Studythesepairsofsentences:
细读以下各对句子:
Hestillneedsalotofpractice.
他仍需大量的练习。
Hepractisesthepianoeveryday.
他每天练习弹钢琴。
Iwanttogiveyousomeadvice.
我想给你提点建议。
Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?
你想建议我干什么?
b Enjoy,Entertain,andAmuse.Studytheseexamples:
细读以下各对句子:
Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest.(11.4-5)
Weenjoyedourselvesattheparty.
在聚会上我们玩得很痛快。
Heentertainedmetodinner.
他请我吃饭。
Heentertainedeverybodywithhisclevertricks.
他精彩的戏法使大家都很高兴。
Thechildrenwereamusedbythecircusclown.(Theylaughed.)
孩子们被马戏团的小丑逗乐了。
Hisfunnystoriesamusedusall.(Theymadeuslaugh.)
他那些稀奇古怪的故事把我们大家都逗乐了。
Thatchildcanamusehimselfforhoursplaying inthesand.(Hecanpasshistimehappily.)
那个孩子可以一个人在 沙堆里玩上几个小时。
Exercise练习
Choosethecorrectwordsinthefollowingsentences:
选择正确的词:
1 Inever(amuse)(enjoy)(practicing)(practising)thepiano.
2 Wewereall(amused)(enjoyed)bythejokeshetoldus.
3 He(advised)(adviced)metogeta(license)(licence).
4 Werarely(entertain)(amuse)thesedays.
5 We(entertained)(enjoyed)somefriendstodinnerlastnight.
6 Themagician(amused)(enjoyed)theaudienceverymuch.