最新初中英语阅读第2讲说明文教师版.docx

最新初中英语阅读第2讲说明文教师版.docx

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最新初中英语阅读第2讲说明文教师版

A篇

一、请阅读下面文章，并根据文章选择正确答案

Volunteeringmeansspendingsomeofyourfreetimehelpingothers.Youmayvolunteertohelpotherpeople,butyoucanalsovolunteertoprotectanimals,theenvironment,oranyotherthingthatyoucareabout.

Volunteeringhelpsothers,butitcanalsohelpyou.Ifyou’reworriedaboutsomethingthat’shappened,doingsomethingcanbeagreatwaytocopewith（处理）yourfeelings.

Volunteeringcanletyouseeyourownlifeinnewways.Sometimesit’seasytoworryaboutthingslikegradesorgetangrybecauseyoudon’thavethemostexpensiveshoesorthenewestcomputergame.Volunteeringletsyouspendsometimeonothersforawhile.

Lotsofpeoplefindthattheyreallyenjoyvolunteering.Volunteerexperiences（经历）oftenputyouinadifferentenvironment.Doingvolunteerworkmeansoneveryimportantthing:

Youmakeadifference（产生影响）intheworld.

Volunteeringisagreatwaytohavefunwithyourfamily,andherearesomeideasonhowyoucandotogether:

◎Cleanupapark,oraroadalongariver.

◎Planttreesorflowersinyourcommunity.

◎Servefoodatahomelessshelter.

◎Givemealstopeoplewhoareelderlyorillathome.

◎Cleanupaschoolorotherpublicbuildings.

Someschoolsnowrequirekidstospendsomeoftheirtimeonservicetoothers.Volunteeringgiveskidsatasteofresponsibility（责任心）,becausepeoplearedependingonthemforsomethingimportant.Volunteeringalsocanhelpkidslearnimportantthingsaboutthemselves.Avolunteerjobcanevenhelpsomekidsdecidewhattheywanttodowhentheygrowup.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?

Makeaplantostartvolunteeringtoday!

Vocabularies:

1.Volunteeringn.志愿活动；志愿者活动2.volunteern.志愿者;adj.志愿的;v.自愿

3.careabout关心；在乎；担忧；关怀4.copewith对付；处理；应付

5.makeadifference有影响；起（重要）作用6.homelessshelter收容中心；流浪汉庇护所；

7.requirev.要求；需要；想要；命令8.responsibilityn.责任；职责；责任感

9.dependon依赖；依靠；凭借10.growup向上生长；长大；成熟

1.Tobeavolunteerisusefultosomestudentsbecause___________.

A.theywouldlikeverymuchtobuyexpensiveshoes

B.theirschoolsaskthemtospendmoretimeservingothers

C.itcanhelpthemmaketheirowndecisionswhentheyareolder

D.theycanservefoodathomelessshelters

2.Volunteeringcangiveusalotsothat_______________.

A.weneedn’tworryaboutourgradesortheenvironment

B.wecanenjoybeingservedbetterindifferentways

C.wehavemorefunonlywithourfamiliesandfriends

D.weshouldtryourbesttodomorevolunteerwork

3.Thereasonwhystudentsareaskedtodosomevolunteeringisthat___.

A.studentsshouldbemoreresponsiblefortheirschoolworkandsocialwork

B.studentsaretoolazytodoanywork,insideoroutsidetheirschoolsandhomes

C.studentsalwaysdependtoomuchontheirschoolsandfamilies

D.studentsarealwayswaitingforthedecisionsoftheirparentsorschools

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“community”meaninChinese?

A.公社B.公司C.社区D.社团

Keys:

CDAC

练习

一.英英释义

1）AuntMaryvolunteeredtocleanupthekitchen.

A.offerhelpwillinglyB.wantC.hateD.plan

2）Imeantogoshoppingthisafternoon.

A.meanB.plantoC.amgoingD.meanthatIshall

3）Ifyourequirefurtherinformation,youshouldasktheteacher.

A.searchB.needC.orderD.enquire

4）Weputofftheconferenceinordertobettercopewiththetensesituation.

A.comeupwithB.mixwithC.dealwithD.togetherwith

5）Theseaairhasmadeadifferencetohishealth.

A.damagedB.madeadifficultytoC.beendifferentfromD.improved

Keys:

ABBCD

二.词性转换

1）meanv.（meandoingsth.）意思是，意味着；（meantodo）打算

______________n.意义；含义____________________adj.有意义的

___________________adj.无意义的

Wefillupourliveswith___________________tasks.

Thechildreadthestorybutdidnotcomprehendits___________________.meaning

Whatdoyou___________________byopeningmyletterswithoutpermission?

mean

Heglanced___________________attheotherpoliceman,thenhewentupthestairs.

"Wefoundno___________________differencesatall,"shesays.

Keys:

meaninglessmeaningmeanmeaningfullymeaningful

2）experiencen.经验，经历

___________________adj.老练的，富有经验的

___________________n.经验者，感受者

Weshouldlearnfrom_____________________teachers.

Wehadnever_______________thiskindofholidaybefore.

Keys:

experiencedexperienced

3）responsibilityn.责任

_________________________adj.有责任心的，负责的

_________________________adv.负责的

Doyouwanttobe_________________foryourownlifedecisions?

Itwashis____________________forforeignaffairsthatgainedhiminternationalprestige.

Keys:

responsibleresponsibility

1.Volunteering2.volunteer3.careabout4.copewith5.makeadifference6.homelessshelter7.require8.responsibility9.dependon10.growup

三.选词填空

1.Shewouldliketovolunteerata______________________________.

2.Alittleknowledgecan______________________________atatimeofdeath.

3.Weneedtotake______________________________forlookingafterourownhealth

4.Donotimaginethatyoucan______________________________alltheproblems.

5.Youcan't______________________________yourparentsforever.

6.Tomwantstobeacoachwhenhe______________________________.

7.Shenowhelpsinalocalschoolasa______________________________threedaysaweek.

8.Theyoungpeopleshould______________________________theold.

9.______________________________doesn'tonlyimproveyourlife,butalsothelivesofothers

10.This______________________________sometimeandpatience.

Key:

1.homelessshelter2.makeadifference3.responsibility4.copewith

5.dependon6.growsup7.volunteer8.careabout9.Volunteering10.requires

四.句子翻译

Volunteeringmeansspendingsomeofyourfreetimehelpingothers.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Youmakeadifferenceintheworld.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Someschoolsnowrequirekidstospendsomeoftheirtimeonservicetoothers.

_______________________________________________________________________________

五.语法填空

Someschoolsnowrequirekidsspendsomeoftheirtimeservicetoothers.giveskidsatasteof（reponsible）,becausepeoplearedependingonthemforsomethingimportant.Volunteeringalsocanhelpkidslearnimportantthingsabout（them）.Avolunteerjobcanevenhelpsomekids（decision）whattheywanttodotheygrowup.Sowhatareyouwaiting?

Makeaplantostartvolunteeringtoday!

Keys:

toonVolunteeringresponsibilitythemselvesdecidewhenfor

文章点评：

通过向大家展示什么是志愿者，志愿者的工作有哪些，以及志愿者工作能够在许多的方面帮助孩子。

 “顺手捡起一片纸，纯洁的是自己的精神；俯身擦去地上一块污渍，净化的是自己的灵魂。

”——这句话是一位志愿者的心声，其实我们可以在闲暇之余多去用志愿者的行动充实我们的生活，从我做起，从身边的小事做起。

长难句分析：

Volunteeringmeansspendingsomeofyourfreetimehelpingothers.此句话中涉及到动名词做主语的知识点。

mean+doing“意味着”sb.spendsometime（in）doingsth.某人花费时间做某事。

动名词做主语的用法：

动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。

如：

Paintingishishobby.绘画是他的爱好。

Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。

动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。

如：

Itisnousetalkingwithoutdoing.光说不做没有用。

不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。

如：

It’ssohot.WhatIwanttodonowistohaveaswiminariver.

天这么热，现在我想做的事是在河里游泳。

学以致用:

—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？

—__________hernewbicycle.

A.AsshelostB.Lost

C.LosingD.Becauseoflosing

Key:

该题正确选项为C,losinghernewbicycle是句子的主语，谓语madehersoupset被省略，losing．．．在此表示具体的动作。

寄语：

本篇文章中涉及的动名词做主语的句子很多，还有很多非谓语动词的其他用法，大家可以一一找出来，然后分析一下，以后用在所写的作文中。

此外，本篇阅读理解的主题是志愿者，志愿者这个主题在中考作文中也是很常见的，所以希望大家可以把本篇文章中比较好的词语、段落一一背诵下来。

B

Youngeradultswhogeteitherlittlesleeporalotofitmayseeagreaterincreaseintheirwaistlines（腰围）overtime,astudysuggests.

Thestudyincluded332African-Americanand775Hispanic-American（拉丁裔美国人）menandwomenaged18to81.Theresearchersmeasuredtheirabdominal（腹部的）fat,atthestartofthestudyandagainfiveyearslater.

Amongthepeopleyoungerthan40intheresearch,thestudyfound,thosewhosaidtheysleptforfivehoursorlesseachnightgainedmorefatthanthosewhoaveragedsixorsevenhoursofsleep.Thosewhoslepteighthoursormoreinbedeachnightalsoshowedabiggerfatgain-butitwasnotasmuchasthatseenin"shortsleepers."

Thefindings,accordingtotheleadresearcherDr.Kristen,supportthebeliefthatsleephabitsaffectweight,andhealthingeneral."Sleepisanimportantpartofyouroverallhealth--notjustinwhetheryou'retiredduringtheday,"shesaid.

Asforwhysleeptimemightaffectabdominal-fatgain,thereareseveralfacts:

Peoplewhogettoolittlesleepmaybetootiredduringthedaytoexercise,whilethosewhospendalotoftimeinbedmayspendlesstimebeingactive,comparingtopeoplewhosleepfewerhours.Researchalsosuggeststhatsleeplosschangespeople'sappetite-regulatinghormones（胃口调节荷尔蒙）--whichcould,intheory,makethemovereat.

What’smore,depression,whichisafeelingofsadnessthatmakespeoplethinkthereisnohopeforthefuture,couldalsobeareason.Healsonotedthatitoftenaffectspeople'ssleepandhasbeenlinkedtoweightgain.

Vocabularies

1.increasev.增加，增大，增多2.suggestv.建议，提议；暗示；

3.measurev.测量n.措施4.accordingto根据

5.affectv.影响；感染；6.whether是否；不管

7.asfor至于，关于8.whileconj.在…期间；虽然；而

9.compareto比较；把...比作10.notev.注意；记录

11.belinkto与…连接；与…有关联

1.______willgetlessfatgainaccordingtothepassage.

A.Youngeradultswhosleepforfivehoursorless

B.Peoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseveryday

C.YoungeradultswhoarefromAfricaorAmerica

D.Peoplewhosleepaboutsixorsevenhoursaday

2.Theunderlinedword“that”refersto______.

A.afatgainB.sleephabitsC.toolittlesleep