Unit6语言点分析.docx

Unit6语言点分析.docx

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Unit6语言点分析

LanguageStudy

#Para1

intelligence:

n.

1abilitytolearnandunderstand智力

e.g.artificialintelligence智能模拟,人工智能intelligencequotient智商

Johnshowedhigh/lowintelligencefromanearlyage.

Marriageisthetriumphofimaginationoverintelligence.Secondmarriageisthetriumphofhopeoverexperience.结婚是想象战胜了理智，再婚是希望战胜了经验。

（byOscarWilde）

2informationaboutthesecretactivitiesofforeigngovernments,themilitaryplansofanenemyetc情报

e.g.intelligenceagent/agencycommercialintelligence商业情报

controversy :

n.alotofdiscussionandargumentaboutsth.,ofteninvolvingstrongfeelingsofangerordisapproval（followedbyoverorabout）争论，争议

e.g.be[engage]inacontroversywith[against]sb.on[about]sth.和某人就某事进行争论

Thisisaquestionthathasgivenrisetomuchcontroversy（引起许多争论）.（cause/provoke/arousecontroversy）

beyond/withoutcontroversy无可争议，无疑，不消说

Anewmotherwithaneyeforabusinessopportunityamidthepoisonmilkscandal（毒奶粉事件）hasstirredcontroversybyofferingtobreast-feedotherchildren-ataprice.

adj.controversial

e.g.acontroversialquestion引起争论的问题

surround:

vt.beorgoallaround（sth.orsb.）围绕；包围

e.g.他的身边总是被崇拜者围绕着。

He’ssalwaysbeensurroundedbypeoplewhoadorehim.

这种新药引起了不少争议。

Agreatdealofcontroversyhassurroundedthenewdrug.

surroundingadj.周围的，附近的

surroundingsn.周围的事物,环境e.g.socialsurroundings社会环境

consciousness:

n.意识，知觉

e.g.consciousnessofresponsibility责任感

Man'ssocialbeingdetermineshisconsciousness.人的社会存在决定其意识。

lose/recoverone'sconsciousness失去/恢复知觉

explore:

vt.

1）examinethoroughly;learnabout探索；研究

e.g.Wemustexploreallthepossibilitiesforthesolutionoftheproblem.我们必须探讨解决这个问题的所有可能性。

2）travelover（aregion,area,etc.）forthepurposeofdiscovery勘探；探险

e.g.exploretheAntarcticregions南极地区考察[探险]

exploreforoil/minerals/goldetc勘探石油/矿物/黄金

n.exploratione.g.geologicalexploration地质勘探

Wonderingwhethertheremightbebetterwaystoexploreanimalintelligencethanexperimentsdesignedtoteachhumansigns,Irealizedwhatnowseemsobvious:

ifanimalscanthink,theywillprobablydotheirbestthinkingwhenitservestheirownpurposes,notwhenscientistsaskthemto.（para1）

Structure

subject:

I

object:

Whatnowseemsobvious

wondering…:

伴随状语

if…they:

宾语同位语

servethe[sb.'s]purpose:

tobeusefulorhelpfulforaparticularpurposeorreason符合需要;解决问题;适用

Translation

在考虑是否会有比设计教动物人类手势语的试验更好的方式探索动物智能时，我悟出了现在看来是显而易见的一点：

如果动物能思维，他们会在能为自己所用的时候，而不是在科学家让它们思维的时候做出最佳思维。

#Para2

encounter:

vt.

1toexperiencesomething,especiallyproblemsoropposition遭遇；遇到

encounterproblems/difficulties/opposition/resistance

e.g.Thegovernmenthasencounteredstrongoppositiontoitsplanstoraiseincometax.

Thereisnoonemajorinfluenceinaperson'slife.Instead,thetraitsweinheritfromourparentsandthesituationandexperiencesthatweencounterinlifeareconstantlyinteracting.Itistheinteractionofthetwothatshapesaperson'spersonalityanddictateshowthatpersonalitydevelops.

Regardlessofhowmuchsuccessonehashadinschooloratwork,thereareboundtobetimeswhenheorshewillencounterdifficultiesandproblems.无论一个人在学校或工作中曾经如何成功，终有一天他会遭遇困难和问题。

2tomeetsomeonewithoutplanningto偶然遇见（尤指陌生人）

e.g.Itwasrarethatsheencounteredinterestingpeoplethroughherwork.

CF:

meetwith,bumpinto/runinto（指熟人）

3n.anunexpectedencounter不期而遇

e.g.Myfirstencounterwithrealracismcameasashock.

Taiwan'svicepresident-electsaidFridayhehopedto"melttheice"withChinainanhistoricencounterwithChinesePresidentHuJintaoexpectedherefollowingdecadesofanimosity.台湾新选副总统周五说，在多年的不合后，希望通过他与中国主席胡锦涛的历史性会晤缓和与中国大陆的关系。

convince:

vt.tomakesomeonefeelcertainthatsomethingistrue使确信,使信服

e.g.Howmanymoredeathswillittaketoconvincetheauthoritiesoftheneedtotestdrugsmorethoroughly?

Thegovernmentistryingtoconvincethepublicthatit'sgettingtoughoncorruption.

Anotherpassengerconvincedhertoleavetheplane,whichwasquicklyfillingwithachokingsmoke.（convincesb.todosth.说服某人）

convincesb.bysoundarguments以理服人

HillaryClintonexpectedtorallysupportforObama——SenatorHillaryClintonwillseektoconvinceherardentprimarysupporterstofallinlinebehindpresumptivenomineeBarackObamaontheseconddayoftheDemocraticNationalConventioninthewesternUScityofDenver.希拉里•克林顿希望拉拢人们支持奥巴马——民主党全国代表大会在美国西部城市丹佛举行，会议的第二天，参议员希拉里•克林顿将发表讲话，呼吁她的铁杆支持者们转而支持该党提名候选人巴拉克•奥巴马。

adj.convinced确信的，深信的；convincing令人信服的；能说服人的

e.g.陪审团最终相信她是清白的。

Intheendthejurywasconvincedofherinnocence.

调查人员还没有找到有说服力的犯罪动机。

Investigatorshavenotfoundaconvincingmotiveforthecrime.

feat:

n.somethingthatisanimpressiveachievement,becauseitneedsalotofskill,strengthetctodo技艺，功绩

e.g.remarkable/considerable/incredibleetcfeats

perform/accomplish/achieveafeat

captivity:

n.囚禁，束缚

NB:

captiven.俘虏adj.被俘的

capturevt.捕获；俘获，赢得capturesb.’sheartn.捕获,夺得

dominant:

adj.ruling;stronger,morepowerful,ormorenoticeablethanotherpeopleorthings有统治权的；占优势的

e.g.adominantposition统治地位

adominantpersonintheteam队里最有权威的人

CharlieChaplinwasadominantfigureintheAmericanfilmindustry.查理·卓别林是美国电影工业上极有影响力的人物。

species:

n.（单复同）物种

e.g.Somespeciesofanimalshavebecomeextinctbecausetheycouldnotadapttoachangingenvironment.有一些动物已经灭种了，因为它们不能适应环境的变化。

TheOriginofSpecies《物种的起源》（达尔文著）

ThestoriestheytellusrevealwhatI’mconvincedisanewwindowonanimalintelligence:

thekindofmentalfeatsanimalsperformwhendealingwithcaptivityandthedominantspeciesontheplanet–humans.（para2）

Structure

Thestories（theytellus）revealwhat（I’mconvinced）isanewwindowonanimalintelligence:

thekindofmentalfeats（animalsperformwhendealingwithcaptivityandthedominantspeciesontheplanet--humans）.

Translation

他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新窗口：

即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种--人类--时所表现的高超的思维技能。

===============================================================================

#Para3

makeadeal:

tomakeanagreementwithsomeonesothatyougetwhatyouwant,andtheygetwhattheywant,esp.inbusinessorpolitics达成交易

e.g.Thegovernmentdeniedmakingadealwiththekidnappers.

ImadeadealwithmymumtotakepianolessonsifIcouldhaveguitarlessonsaswell.

NB:

strike/makeabargain:

toagreetodosth.forsomeoneelseiftheywilldosth.foryou

reachagreement/cometoanagreement:

tofinallyagreeonsth.,bydiscussingituntileveryoneissatisfiedwiththedecision

suspicious:

adj.causingorshowingafeelingthatsth.iswrong可疑的；引起怀疑的

e.g.be/fellsuspiciousof/about对...怀疑

BothDemocratsandRepublicansseektowooanAmericanelectoratesuspiciousofforeigninvestmentandtheeffectsofglobalizationondomesticjobs.民主党人和共和党人都试图取悦对于外国投资及全球化对国内就业影响心存疑虑的选民。

IstartedtofeelsuspiciousabouthisintentionwhenhekeptontalkingaboutwhatgoodIcouldgetoutofit.我开始对他的意图起疑心是当他反复地说我能从中得到什么好处的时候。

Shegavehimasuspiciousglance.

Knowmore

e.g.Isuspectthesetacticswilleventuallybackfire.我怀疑这些伎俩最终会适得其反。

Thepolicesuspectherofmurder.

Philadelphiapolicereleasedaphotoofthesuspectinthemurderofanofficer.（n.）

...onlytobemetwithablankstare.

onlyto（dosth.）isoftenusedtoindicatethatsb.didsth.withadisappointingorsurprisingresult.Infinitivetofunctionsasresultadverbial.

e.g.Hisoppositionservedonlytostrengthenourresolve.他的反对反而增强了我们的决心.

ItisthisstorylinethatmimicstheexperiencesofPrincessDiana,whomarriedPrinceCharlesonlytodiscoverthathewascontinuingalong-standingclandestine（秘密的）relationshipwithanotherwoman.

Iarrivedonlytofindthattheothershadalreadyleft.

Hehurriedtotherailwaystationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.

Asadthinginlifeiswhenyoumeetsomeonewhomeansalottoyou,onlytofindoutintheendthatitwasnevermeanttobeandyoujusthavetoletgo.

blank:

adj.withoutexpression;withoutwritingorothermarks没有表情的；空白的

e.g.ablankmind空虚的心灵

n.Mymindwasacompleteblank.我的脑中一片空白。

negotiate:

vi.&vt.discussinordertocometoanagreement谈判；协商

e.g.negotiateanagreement/contractetc协商协议/合同

Thegovernmentrefusestonegotiatewithterrorists.

Skinnernegotiatedwithseveralfirmsforthebestoffer.

Hisfirstaimistogetthewarringpartiesbacktothenegotiatingtable（=usedtorefertoofficialdiscussions）.他最初的目的是让敌对的双方回到谈判桌。

Twooftheoriginal23hostageshavebeenmurderedandSouthKoreaispressingtheUnitedStatesandAfghanistantodoalltheycantonegotiateareleaseofthesurvivingcaptives.

n.negotiation

e.g.negotiationon/over

open/enterintonegotiations（withsb.）（=startofficialdiscussions）

Afterthisfirstroundofnegotiations,therearenoplanstoreconvenethetalksbeforetheelections.

maintain:

vt.

1tomakesomethingcontinueinthesamewayoratthesamestandardasbefore保持；维持

e.g.Wemustmaintainpowerfulself-confidenceandoptimisminthefaceofchallengessoastosurviveandsucceed.我们面对挑战，必须怀有强大的自信和乐观才能生存和成功。

ChinaMobilereleaseditsacquisitionplanofChinaRailwayCommunication（ChinaRailcom）,whichwouldbecometheformer'swholly-ownedsubsidiarybutmaintainindependentoperation.中国移动于近日发布其对中国铁通集团公司的并购计划，铁通将成为其全资子企业，但保持独立运营。

Britainwantstomaintainitspositionasaworldpower.

Itisbestifdivorcedparentscanmaintainfriendlyrelationsforthesakeofthechildren.

Todevelopormaintainphysicalfitnessandoverallhealth,wemustinvolveinregularsportspractice.

2tokeepamachine,buildingetcingoodconditionbycheckingandrepairingitregularly保养；维修

e.g.Thecarhasalwaysbeenproperlymaintain