学年高中英语Unit2Workingtheland1SectionⅠWarmingUp 1.docx

学年高中英语Unit2Workingtheland1SectionⅠWarmingUp 1.docx

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学年高中英语Unit2Workingtheland1SectionⅠWarmingUp1

Unit2Workingtheland

随着社会变迁和时代发展，农业会向哪个方向发展呢？

TheFutureofFarming,

Moreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldarelivinginurbanareas,andtheneedforhighqualityfreshfoodisrising.Atthesametime,newhomes,apartmentbuildings,shoppingcentersandroadsarereplacingfertilelandnearcities.Thatmakesgrowingcropsintallbuildingsaninterestingsolution.

InDallas,Texas,acompanycalledGreenHabitatHydroponics（GHH）,sellsverticalfarmingsupplies（垂直农业用品）．“Youcancontrolanythingandeverythingyouwanttowithhydroponics（theprocessofgrowingplantsinsand,smallstones,orwaterwithaddednutrientsbutnosoil），”KrisMaxwell,asalesemployeeatGHHsaid.“Forexample,certainplantsneedcertainnutrientsandpHlevels.Butdon’tworry.Youcanchangethehydroponicsolution（溶液）byaddingortakingawaynutrients,orbychangingthepHlevel,orevenbycontrollingtheamountofawaterinsolution,sothatplantsgetallthenutrientsandwaterrequirementstheyneed.Thereareevendifferentsolutionsforcertainstagesintheplant’sgrowth.”

Inthisindoorenvironment,LEDlights,whichareenvironmentallyfriendly,taketheplaceofthesun.Heaters,coolers,andspecialmachinescontrolthetemperatureandhumidity（湿度）．Upto300plantscangrowinonecontainerunit.

GHHalsosellsaeroponicsystems.Withthissystem,plantsareplacedinhugecontainerswhereonlytherootsareputinasolution.Nutrientrichwastesfromfish,forexample,arefiltered（过滤）andsentthroughthesystem.

“Thegoodthingaboutthismethodisthatnofertilizershavetobeusedbecausethefishproduceallofthenecessarynutrients，”Maxwellsaid.“Anotheradvantageofverticalfarmingisthatnoinsectsorotherpestswilldamageyourcrops.”

Whatdoyouthink？

Doesverticalfarminghaveabrightfuture？

SectionⅠ　WarmingUp&Reading—Comprehending

重点单词

写作词汇

1.strugglevi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力

2.decaden.十年；十年期

3.expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展

4.ridvt.摆脱；除去

5.thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而

6.cropn.庄稼；农作物；产量

拓展词汇

7.hungern．饥饿；欲望vt.&vi.（使）饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的

8.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbedadj.扰乱的；精神失常的→disturbvt.扰乱；打扰

9.freedomn．自由；自主→freeadj.自由的；免费的→freelyadv.自由地；随意地

10.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备→equipmentn．设备（不可数）

11.exportvt.&vi.输出；出口→importvt.&vi.（反义词）输入；进口

12.personalityn．性格；个性；人格→personaladj.个人的；身体的；亲自的→personallyadv.亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言

阅读词汇

13.statisticn.数据；统计；统计数字；

统计资料

14.sunburntadj.晒黑的

15.superadj.特级的；超级的

16.outputn.产量；输出

17.circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传

18.grainn.谷物；粮食；颗粒

19.peanutn.花生

20.occupationn.工作；职业；占领

重点短语

1.thanks__to幸亏；由于；因为

2.rid...of使……摆脱或除去

3.be__satisfied__with对……感到满意

4.care__about关心；在乎

5.would__rather宁愿；宁可

6.make__a__difference有关系；有影响

重点句型

1.ifso省略句式：

If__so（如果这样）,whatdidyoudotogrowthem？

2.what引导名词性从句：

YuanLongpinggrowswhat__is__called（被称为……）superhybridrice.

3.makeit＋形容词＋动词不定式：

Thisspecialstrainofricemakes__it__possible__to（使……成为可能）produce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.

4.倍数表达法：

Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwice__as__large__as__before（以前的两倍大）.

Fastreading

Skimthetextanddothefollowingexercises.

1．What’sthemainideaofthetext?

A．Waystoincreasethericeoutput.

B．YuanLongping’sdreams.

C．YuanLongping’ssuperhybridrice.

D．YuanLongping—anagriculturalpioneer.

答案：

D

2．Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.

Para.1　A．YuanLongping’sbrieflifeexperiences.

Para.2B．YuanLongping’sdreams.

Para.3C．YuanLongping’sattitudestowardlife.

Para.4D．YuanLongping’sachievementsintheimprovementsonriceproduction.

答案：

DACB

Carefulreading

Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.

1．WhydidYuanLongpingwanttodevelopanewspeciesofriceinthe1950s?

A．Becausehewantedtowinanaward.

B．Becausehewantedtocatchothers’eye.

C．BecausehungerwasadisturbingprobleminChina.

D．Becausehishometownsufferedfromdrought.

2．HowlongdidittakeYuanLongpingtodevelophissuperhybridrice?

A．12years.　　　　　　　B．14years.

C．20years.D．25years.

3．YuanLongping’shobbiesincludethefollowingEXCEPT________．

A．listeningtoviolinmusicB．playingmahjong

C．swimmingandreadingD．singing

4．WhatdoesYuanLongpingthinkofbeingfamous?

A．Itgiveshimachancetoknowmoreimportantpeople.

B．Itmakeshimhavemoremoneytobuywhathewants.

C．Itgiveshimachancetotakeupmorehobbies.

D．Itmakeshimhavelessfreedomtodohisresearch.

答案：

1－4.CCDD

Studyreading

Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.

1．Morethan800millionpeoplegotobedhungryeveryday.

此句为简单句。

hungry为形容词，在句中作状语，表示伴随，描述主语people的状态。

[翻译]　每天有超过8亿人饿着肚子睡觉。

2．AlthoughheisoneofChina’smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,forheworksthelandtodohisresearch.

此句为并列句。

第一个分句为主从复合句，含有Although引导的让步状语从句；并列连词for连接的第二个分句补充说明原因，todohisresearch为目的状语。

[翻译]　虽然他是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平却认为自己是个农民，因为他耕种土地来进行研究。

3．Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.

此句为主从复合句，forwhom为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰Chinesefarmers。

[翻译]　的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。

4．In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.

此句为主从复合句。

句中含有that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词rice，且that在从句中充当主语。

主句中表语中心词pioneer由序数词修饰，后面的不定式作后置定语。

[翻译]　1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。

①pioneern．开拓者；先锋，先驱

②considerv．认为，以为；仔细考虑

③worktheland耕种土地

work在此处意为“管理，经营”，是及物动词。

④indeedadv.其实，实际上

⑤sunburnt['sʌnbɜːnt]adj.晒黑的

⑥struggle['strʌɡl]vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力

⑦decade['dekeId]n.十年；十年期

⑧super['sjuːpə]adj.特级的；超级的

⑨hybrid['haIbrId]adj.混合的；杂种的　n．杂交种；混血儿

⑩output['aʊtpʊt]n.产量；输出（反义词：

input）

⑪strain[streIn]n.（植物的）品种；种类

⑫crop[krɒp]n.庄稼；农作物；产量

⑬hunger['hʌŋɡə]n.饥饿；欲望vt.&vi.（使）饥饿

⑭disturbing[dI'stɜːbIŋ]adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的

⑮expand[Ik'spænd]

vt.&vi.使变大；伸展

⑯circulate['səːkjʊleIt]

vt.&vi.循环；流传

⑰lessdevelopedcountries欠发达国家

⑱thanksto幸亏；由于；因为

⑲tooln．方法；工具

⑳battle['bætl]n.战役；战斗；较量；斗争

vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗

rid...of使……摆脱或除去

rid[rId]vt.摆脱；除去

besatisfiedwith（＝becontent/pleasedwith）

对……感到满意

careabout在意

freedom['friːdəm]n.自由；自主

wouldrather宁愿；宁可

keeptimeforsth.为某事留出时间

ratherthan而不是

therefore['ðeəfɔː]adv.

因此；所以；因而

equip[I'kwIp]vt.&vi.配备；装备

sorghum['sɔːɡəm]n.高粱

earofrice稻穗

earofcorn玉米穗

grain[ɡreIn]n.谷物；粮食；颗粒

peanut['piːnʌt]n.花生

withthehopeof带着某种希望

export[Ik'spɔːt]vt.&vi.

输出；出口

carefor关心；喜欢；照顾

【核心素养链接】

联合国（UnitedNations，简称UN）成立于1945年10月，是第二次世界大战结束之后一个由主权国家组成的国际组织。

联合国致力于促进各国在国际法、国际安全、经济发展、社会进步、人权及实现世界和平方面的合作。

联合国在维护世界和平、缓和国际紧张局势以及解决地区冲突方面发挥着相当积极的作用。

APIONEER①FORALLPEOPLE

AlthoughheisoneofChina’smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsiders②himselfafarmer,forheworkstheland③todohisresearch.Indeed④，hissunburnt⑤faceandarmsandhisslim，strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers，forwhomhehasstruggled⑥forthepastfivedecades⑦.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuper⑧hybrid⑨rice.In1973，hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput⑩.Thisspecialstrain⑪ofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecrop⑫inthesamefields．Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearisfromthishybridstrain.

◆forwhomhehasstruggled为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，相当于whomhehasstruggledfor。

◆whatiscalledsuperhybridrice是what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。

◆动词不定式togrowrice作后置定语，修饰thefirstagriculturalpioneer。

当名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，用动词不定式作定语。

that引导定语从句，修饰先行词rice，且that在从句中作主语，不能省略。

◆本句中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是toproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields。

◆过去分词短语producedinChina作后置定语，修饰rice。

Bornin1930,YuanLongpinggraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Atthattime,hunger⑬wasadisturbing⑭probleminmanypartsofthecountryside.YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpanding⑮theareaofthefields.In1950,Chinesefarmerscouldproduceaboutfiftysixmilliontonsofrice.Inarecentharvest,however,nearlytwohundredmilliontonsofricewasproduced.Theseincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworld’speoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandintheworld.YuanLongpingisnowcirculating⑯hisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnamandmanyotherlessdevelopedcountries⑰toincreasetheirriceharvests.Thanksto⑱hisresearch,theUNhasmoretools⑲inthebattle⑳toridtheworldof

hunger.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.

◆动词ing短语findingwaystogrowmorerice在句中作主语，动词不定式短语togrowmorerice作定语，修饰ways。

◆过去分词increased作定语，修饰harvests。

◆现在分词短语Usinghishybridrice作状语。

◆twiceaslargeas...……的两倍大，属于“倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as”的倍数表达法。

YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwith

hislife.However,hedoesn’tcareabout

beingfamous.Hefeelsitgiveshimlessfreedom

todohisresearch.Hewouldmuchrather

keeptimefor

hishobbies.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmahjong，swimmingandreading.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.Indeed,hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuchmoneyhasmoreratherthan

fewertroubles.Hetherefore

givesmillionsofyuantoequip

othersfortheirresearchinagriculture.

◆动词ing短语Spendingmoney...life在句中作主语，谓语动词mean用第三人称单数形式。

Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.LongagoYuanLongpinghadadreamaboutriceplantsastallassorghum

.Eachearofrice

wasasbigasanearofcornandeachgrain

ofricewasashugeasapeanut

.Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeof

producinga