最新职称英语考试理工类A级真题.docx
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最新职称英语考试理工类A级真题
职称英语考试理工类A级真题
第一篇 SmallButWise【小而聪明】
OnDecember14,NASA1blastedasmallbutmightytelescopeintospace.ThetelescopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don'tletitssmallsizefoolyou:
WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjects2intheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxies3andgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsarebom.
“I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaven'tseenbefore,”saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEproject.
Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEtelescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit4(thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap5).Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.
ThepicturestakenbyWISEwon'tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsfor“Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.”Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation6.
Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthefamiliarspectrumoflight7thatbecomesvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleofradiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexample,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.Whenthesewavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,they'reprocessedbythecamera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.
Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.
That'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsothertelescopescan't.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace—buttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydon'treflectlight,sothey'redifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredtelescopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.
Browndwarfs8areanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars—whichmeanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstart9thesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimthatthey'realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.
教材的原题:
1.WhatissospecialaboutWISE?
AItissmallinsizebutcarriesalargecamera.
BItisassmallasatrashcan.
CItsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownspace.
DNeverbeforehasatelescopecarriedadigitalcamerainspace.
2.WhichisNOTthesynonymfortheword“snap”inthethirdparagraph?
Amake.
Bshoot.
Ctake
Dphotograph.
3.ThecameraonWISE
Aisnodifferentfromanordinarycamera.
Bdoesnotseeinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoes.
Ccatchestheinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoesnot.
Dreflectslightthathumaneyescansee.
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectabout“asteroids”accordingtoparagraph7?
AAsteroidsfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisiblelight.
BAsteroidsdonotreflectlightthatreachesthem.
CItisdifficulttotakeasteroids'picturesbyordinarycameras.
DTheWISEtelescopecantakepicturesofasteroids
5.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?
ABrowndwarfsgiveoffvisiblelight.
BBrowndwarfsgiveoffinfraredradiation.
CBrowndwarfsarepowerstarslikethesun.
DBrowndwarfsareimpossibletoseewiththeWISEtelescope.
答案
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B
第三篇:
Downloadknowledgedirectlytoyourbrain(正确下载知识到你的大脑)
36:
whathaveresearchersbeenabletodowiththehelpofthestudy
A:
makeapersonknowhowtodosomethingwithoutlearning
B:
setupdifferentlearningpatternsfordifferentpeople
C:
Enablepeopletolearnkungfuinstantly
D:
Discoveraperson’slearningprocessinthebrain
37:
whathelpsapersontodoaparticulartaskbetterinvisualperceptuallearning
A:
TestingB:
EncouragementC:
RepetitionD:
self-assessment
38:
whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheexperimentparticipants
A:
theywerenottoldwhattobelearnedintheexperiment
B:
theylearnedhowtocontrolMRLmachinesintheexperiment
C:
theywerepaidtotakepartintheexperiment
D:
theywerenotcooperativeintheexperiment
39:
thefindingofthestudyismostsignificantinthatlearning
A:
isfulloffunB:
isvisualized
C:
becomesunnecessaryD:
happensunconsciously
40:
whoaremostlikelytobenefitfromthestability
A:
seniorpeopleB:
teenagers
C:
musiciansD:
Athletes
教材原题:
SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells【没有太阳能电池的太阳能】
AdramaticandsurprisingmagneticeffectoflightdiscoveredbyUniversityof
Michigan1researcherscouldleadtosolarpowerwithouttraditionalsemiconductor-based
solarcells.
Theresearchersfoundawaytomakean“optical1,”saidStephenRand,aprofessor
inthedepartmentsofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience,PhysicsandApplied
Physics.
Lighthaselectricandmagneticcomponents.Untilnow,scientiststhoughtthe2ofthe
magheticfieldweresoweakthattheycouldbeignored.WhatRandandhiscolleaguesfound
isthatattherightintensity,whenlightistravelingthroughamaterialthatdoesnot
conductelectricity,thelightfieldcangeneratemagneticeffectsthatare100million
timesstrongerthan
3expected.4thesecircumstances,themagneticeffectsdevelopstrengthequivalentto
astrongelectriceffect.
“Thiscouldleadtoanewkindofsolarcellwithoutsemiconductorsandwithout
absorptiontoproducechargeseparation,”Randsaid.“Insolarcells,the5goesintoa
material,getsabsorbedandcreatesheat.Here,weexpecttohaveaverylowheatload2.
Insteadofthelightbeingabsorbed,energyisstoredinthemagneticmoment3.Intense
magnetizationcanbeinducedbyintenselightandthenitisultimatelycapableof
providingacapacitivepower6”Whatmakesthispossibleisapreviouslyundetectedbrand
of“opticalrectification4,”saysWilliamFisher,adoctoralstudent5inapplied
physics.Intraditionalopticalrectification,light'selectricfieldcausesacharge
separation,orapulling7ofthepositiveandnegativecharges6inamaterial.Thissets
upavoltage,similarto8inabattery.
RandandFisherfoundthatundertherightcircumstancesandinrighttypesof
materials,thelight'smagneticfieldcanalsocreateopticalrectification.Thelightmust
beshonethrough7a
9thatdoesnot10electricity,suchasglass.Anditmustbefocusedtoanintensity
of10millionwattspersquarecentimeter8.Sunlightisn'tthisintenseonitsown,butnew
materialsarebeingsoughtthatwouldworkatlowerintensities,Fishersaid.
“Inourmostrecentpaper,weshowthatincoherentlight9likesunlightis
theoreticallyalmostas11inproducingchargeseparationaslaserlightis,”Fisher
said.
Thisnew12couldmakesolarpowercheaper,theresearcherssay.Theypredictthatwith
improvedmaterialstheycouldachieve10percentefficiencyin13solarpowertouseable
energy.That'sequivalenttotoday'scommercial-gradesolarcells.
“Tomanufacture14solarcells,youhavetodoextensivesemiconductorprocessing,”
Fishersaid.“Allwewouldneedarelensestofocusthelightandafibertoguideit.
Glassworksfor15It'salreadymadeinbulk10,anditdoesn'trequireasmuchprocessing.
Transparentceramicsmightbeevenbetter.”
练习:
1.AmicroscopeBinstrumentCfiberDbattery
2.AmodificationsBeffectsCapplicationsDresults
3.AfrequentlyBprivatelyCpreviouslyDformally
4.AUnderBAtCOnDOver
5.AfightBelectricityCchemicalDmagnetism
6.AplantBequipmentCsourceDline
7.AdownBupCtogetherDapart
8.AthisBthatCthoseDit
9.AmaterialBlensCmeterDdetector
10.AproduceBconveyCuseDconduct
11.AremoteBpoorCeffectiveDrare
12.AprototypeBskillCtechniqueDmiracle
13.AconvertingBobtainingCdeliveringDtransmitting
14.AcompactBmodemCdurableDhandy
15.AothersBsomeCallDboth
答案
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B
9.A 10.D ll.C 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.D
考试答案SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells
原文中标注红色为今年考试的题目!
1、Abattery2、Dcomponents
3、Cignored4、Cconduct
5、Aequivalent6、Dlight
7、Dsource8、Dapar
9、Athat10、Bmaterial
11、Cintense12、Aas
13、Dtechnology14、Cextensive
15、Cboth