考研英语二真题与答案.docx

考研英语二真题与答案.docx

《考研英语二真题与答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语二真题与答案.docx（22页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

考研英语二真题与答案

2018年考研英语二真题与答案

D

dothemKoziatek'sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.

Koziatek'sschooliswake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganation'sdiversityofgifts.

21.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudent'slackof.

A.academictraining

B.practicalability

C.pioneeringspirit

D.mechanicalmemorizetion

22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho.

A.haveastereotypedmind

B.havenocareermotivation

C.arefinanciallydisadvantaged

D.arenotacademicallysuccessful

23.WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates.

A.usedtohavemorejobopportunities

B.usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns

C.areentitledtomoreeducationalprivileges

D.arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

24.Theheadlongpushintobachelorsdegreesforall.

A.helpscreatealotofmiddle-classjobs

B.maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs

C.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation

D.isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedwirkforce

25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas.

A.tolerant

B.cautious

C.supportive

D.disappointed

Text2

Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas–stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld’senergysupply,it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewableispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:

Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

Somegrowthstemfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels–especiallycoal–asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource.ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration–andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’tsshine?

”hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.Butaboostinthestoragecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.

Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow,thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.

Whilethere’salongwaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup–perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinshowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes–ordoesn’tdo–topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.

26.Theword“plummeting”（Line3,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.stabilizing

B.changing

C.falling

D.rising

27.AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica_____.

A.isprogressingnotably

B.isasextensiveasinEurope

C.facesmanychallenges

D.hasprovedtobeimpractical

28.ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,____.

A.windisawidelyusedenergysource.

B.windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

C.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

D.thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6?

A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.

B.Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.

C.Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.

D.Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.

30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy____.

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

C.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

Text3

Thepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishing–AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesn’thaveanyphysicalproductatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsusers’friendshipsandsociallives.

FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMay’senemiesarecurrentlyplotting?

ItmaybethatthevaluetoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsitowns,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.

　　Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower.Butitisclumsy.Foronething,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithinthedigitaleconomy.Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower.Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem,too.Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdon’tpayforthem.Theusersoftheirservicesarenottheircustomers.Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem–andFacebookandGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.

　　Theproductthey’resellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodataforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants.Justassomeantsfarmthebugscalledaphidsforthehoneydewtheyproducewhentheyfeed,soGooglefarmsusforthedatathatourdigitallivesyield.Antskeeppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheiraphidsfeed;Gmailkeepsthespammersoutofourinboxes.Itdoesn’tfeellikeahumanordemocraticrelationship,evenifbothsidesbenefit.

31.AccordingtoParagraph1,FacebookacquiredWhatsAppforits

A.digitalproducts

B.userinformation

C.physicalassets

D.qualityservice

32.LinkingphonenumberstoFacebookidentitiesmay______.

A.worsenpoliticaldisputes

B.messupcustomerrecords

C.posearisktoFacebookusers

D.misleadtheEuropeancommission

33.Accordingtotheauthor,competitionlaw______.

A.shouldservethenewmarketpowers

B.mayworsentheeconomicimbalance

C.shouldnotprovidejustonelegalsolution

D.cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarket

34.CompetitionlawaspresentlyinterpretedcanhardlyprotectFacebookusersbecause______.

A.theyarenotdefinedascustomers

B.theyarenotfinanciallyreliable

C.theservicesaregenerallydigital

D.theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisers

35.Theantsanalogyisusedtoillustrate______.

A.awin-winbusinessmodelbetweendigitalgiants

B.atypicalcompetitionpatternamongdigitalgiants

C.thebenefitsprovidedfordigitalgiants’customers

D.therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirusers

Text4

Tocombatthetrapofputtingapremiumonbeingbusy,GalNewport,antherofDeepWork:

RulesforFocusedSuccessinaDistrictedworld,recommendsbuildingahabitof“deepwork”,—theabilitytofocuswithoutdistraction.

Thereareanumberofapproachestomasteringthemasteringtheartofdeepwork-beitlengthyretreats,dedicatedtoaspecifictask;developingadailyritual;ortakinga“journalistic”approachtoseizingmomentsofdeepworkwhenyoucanthroughouttheday.Whicheverapproach,thekeyistodetermineyourlengthoffocustimeandsticktoit.

Newportalsorecommends“deepscheduling”tocombatconstantinterruptionsandgetmoredowninlesstime.Atanygivenpoint,Isholdhasdeepworkscheduledforroughlythenextmonth.OnceonthecalendarIprotectthistimelike,Iwouldadoctor'sappointmentorimportantmeeting,hewrites.

Anotherapproachtogettingmoredowninlesstimeistorethinkhowyouprioritizeyourday-inparticularhowwecraftourto-dolists.TimHarford,authorofMessy.ThePowerofDisordertoTransformOurLives,pointstoastudyintheearly1980s,thatdividedundergraduatesintotwogroups:

somewereadvisedtosetoutmonthlygoalsandstudyactivities;othersweretoldtoplanactivitiesandgoldsinmuchtimedetaildaybyday.

Whiletheresearchersassumedthatthewell-structureddailyplanswouldbemosteffectivewhenitcametotheexecutionoftasks,theywerewrong:

thedetaileddailyplansdemotivatedstudents.Hartfordarguesthatinevitabledistractionsoftenrenderthedailyto-dolistineffective,whilelivingroomforimprovisationinsuchalistcanreapthebestresults.

Inordertomakethemostofourfocusandenergy.Wealsoneedtoembracedowntime,orasNew