河南省信阳市高级中学学年高一上学期期末考试英语精校解析Word版.docx
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河南省信阳市高级中学学年高一上学期期末考试英语精校解析Word版
信阳高中2021届高一期末考试
英语试题
第І卷
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第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Teachers’Dayis,interestingly,notcelebratedonthesamedayallovertheworld.Insomecountriesitismarkedbyaholiday,inothersitisaworkingday.
InternationalTeachers’DayiscelebratedonOctober5.Beingheldeversince1994,itisinhonorofteachers'organizationsworldwide.Itsaimistoencouragesupportsforteachersandtomeettheneedsofstudents.
China―In1939,Teachers’DaywassetforAugust27,Confucius'birthday.In1951,thecelebrationwasstopped.However,itwasfoundedagainin1985,andthedaywaschangedtoSeptember10.
India―Teachers’DayiscelebratedonSeptember5inhonourofDr.SarvepalliRadhakrishnan,thesecondpresidentofIndia,whosebirthdayfallsonthatday.
Russia―InRussia,Teachers’DaywascelebratedonthefirstSundayofOctoberbetween1965and1994.Since1994,thedayisobservedontheOctober5,justthesamedayasWorldTeachersDay.
TheUS―IntheUS,Teachers’Dayisnon-officialholiday.ItiscelebratedontheTuesdayofthefirstfullweekofMay.Anumberofactivitiesareorganizedinschoolstohonorteachers.ThecelebrationscancontinueforthewholeweekofMay.
Thailand―InThailand,NationalTeachers’DayiscelebratedeveryyearonJanuary16.ThefirstTeachers’Daywasheldin1957.Thedayisaholidayinschools.
1.Whichofthefollowinghasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedword“observed”?
A.stoppedB.held
C.celebratedD.fell
2.Whichofthefollowingispossiblytrue?
A.ChinahascelebratedTeachers’Daysincetheyear1931.
B.DrSarvepalliRadhakrishnan’sbirthdayisinSeptember
C.Teachers’DayisanofficialholidayintheUnitedStates.
D.Teachers’DayisaworkingdayinschoolsofThailand.
3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.
A.ThefirstTeachers’Daywasheldin1965inThailand
B.Teachers’DayfallsonConfucius'birthdayinChina
C.InternationalTeachers’Dayaimstobenefitthestudents
D.AlotofactivitiesareheldonTeachers’Dayacrosstheworld
【答案】1.C2.B3.C
【解析】
本文介绍了各个国家的教师节的由来以及日期等以及国际教师节的日期。
【1题详解】
猜测词义题。
根据句子Teachers'Day was celebrated on the first Sunday of October between 1965and 1994．Since 1994，the day is observed on the October 5．可知observed的意思与celebrated是一样的，所以答案选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。
根据文中句子Teachers'Day is celebrated on September 5in honour of Dr．Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan，the second president of India，whose birthday falls on that day．可知Dr．Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan的生日是在9月5号，所以答案选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。
根据句子Its aim is to encourage supports for teachers and to meet the needs of students．可知国际教师节是为了支持教师和满足学生的学习需要，所以答案选C。
B
“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.”Similarly,ifwedrinkalittlemorewatereveryday,wemayfindthatweneedtogotothedoctoralotlessoften.Ahealthydietismadeupofwaterandagreatmanydifferentkindsoffoods.Weknowthathealthyfoodslikefruits,vegetablesandfish,areimportantastheyprovideuswithenergyandfiber,withoutgivingustoomuchfatandsugar.Butwhyiswaterimportant?
Thehumanbodyneedswatertosurvive.Waterisimportantasitcarriespoisonsandwasteoutofourbodies.So,doctorsadviseustodrinkplentyofwater,muchmorethanthesmallamountweneedtostayalive.
Somedoctorsbelievethatwaterisimportantforourhealthinallkindsofways.Theybelievethatagreatmanyillnessesandhealthproblemsstartasaresultofdehydration（脱水）—alackofwaterinthebody.Mostpeoplearedehydratedatleastsomeoftime,althoughtheyprobablydon’tknowit.Itissurprisingtolearnthatifwefeelthirsty,wearealreadyinthefirststageofdehydration.Infact,weareadvisedtodrinkwaterbeforewefeelthirsty.
Thesedoctorsthinkthathealthproblemssuchasheadaches,highbloodpressureandasthma（哮喘）couldbehelpedifpeopledrinkmorewater.Theyalsobelievethatdrinkingmorewatercanhelppeoplewhoareoverweight.Watercontainsnocaloriessoitwillnotmakeusputonweight.Ifwedrinkwater,wewillprobablydrinklesssugarysoftdrinkssuchasCoca-cola.Doctorsalsobelievethatdrinkingmorewatermaystoppeoplefromovereating.Theysaythatmanypeoplethinkthattheyarehungrywhentheyare,infact,thirsty.Doctorssuggest,therefore,thatweeatlessfoodanddrinkmorewater.Therearestillmanyhealthproblemsthatcannotbesolvedbydrinkingwater,soweshouldnotstopgoingtoseeingthedoctorcompletely.However,ifwemakeadecisiontodrinkwatereveryday,wemayfindthatweneedtogotothedoctoralotlessoften.
4.Fromthetext,weknowwatercancarry_________.
A.poisonsandwasteoutofourbodies
B.fruit,vegetablesandfishinourbodies
C.sugarandfatoutofourbodies
D.energyandfiberinourbodies
5.Somedoctorsthinkthat________.
A.peopleeattoomuchsugar
B.waterisnotimportantforourhealth
C.weshouldgotothedoctorlessoften
D.somehealthproblemsarecausedbyalackofwater
6.Lackofwatercausedpeopletoputonweighttoomuchbecause_______.
A.theythinktheyarethirstyandeatless
B.theythinktheyarehungryandeattoomuch
C.waterhasnocalories
D.itmakesthemthirsty
7.Whichofthefollowingisn’tmentionedinthepassage?
A.Drinkingmorewatermaystoppeoplefromovereating.
B.Theamountofwaterapersonshoulddrinkinaday.
C.Somehealthyproblemsstartbecauseofalackofwater.
D.Fruitprovidesuswithenergyandfibre.
【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.B
【解析】
文章主要讲述了水与人体健康的关系，告诉我们要每天多饮水，让身体处于健康状态。
【4题详解】
细节题。
根据第二段第二句：
Waterisimportantasitcarriespoisonsandwasteoutofourbodies.可知，从课文中，我们知道水可以把毒素和废物带出我们的身体。
故A选项正确。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第四段Thesedoctorsthinkthathealthproblemssuchasheadaches,highbloodpressureandasthma（哮喘）couldbehelpedifpeopledrinkmorewater.可知，一些医生认为一些健康问题是由缺水引起的。
故选D。
【6题详解】
推断题。
根据第三段最后一句：
Infact,weareadvisedtodrinkwaterbeforewefeelthirsty.可以推断缺水时会让我们长胖，因为缺水时就去喝水和暴吃，其实在感觉口渴之前就应该去喝水。
故B选项正确
【7题详解】
判断题。
通读全文可以知道，全文并未提及一个人一天可以喝多少水，故B选项符合题意。
C
Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?
Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime—abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup—yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.
Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps（小憩）inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerclimates,wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimate.Adailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional,peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemssuchasheartdisease.Manyworkingpeople,unfortunately,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnaps,employersdonotallowit!
Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterward.Thiscanalsohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap—eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.
8.Whydoyousometimesfeelsleepyintheearlyafternoon?
A.Becauseyoueattoomuchforlunch.
B.Becauseit’shotinsummer.
C.Becauseyourbodytemperaturegoesdownatthattime.
D.Becauseyoudidn’thaveagoodsleeplastnight.
9.Whatcanwelearnabout“naps”accordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Allthepeopleinwarmerclimatestakenapsinthemiddleoftheday.
B.Doctorsneedtotakenapswhileemployersdon’t.
C.Ifyoutakenapseveryday,you’llneversufferfromheartdisease.
D.Takingnapsregularlyisgoodtopeople’shealth.
10.Ifyougetupat6:
30am,whatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanap?
A.About12:
30pm.B.About1:
30pm.
C.About2:
30pmD.About3:
30pm
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.AllforaNapB.JustforaRest
C.ASpecialSleepPatternD.TakingNapsinWarmerClimate
【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。
这篇短文主要讲述了人们累了或者是在夏天的午后都会休息或睡觉，休息好对于人们的身体是有好处的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第一段第六句Atthattime—abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup—yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.可知，之所以你有时在午后感到困倦，是因为你的体温在那个时候会下降。
故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。
根据最后一段最后一句Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap—eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.可知，经常小睡对人们的健康有好处。
故选D。
【10题详解】
计算判断题。
第一段里说一个人起床8个小时后就需要休息，6：
30加上8小时应该是下午2：
30.故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。
全文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当的休息一下，有益于身段健康。
故选A。
【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题。
该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。
此类题型一般分两种。
第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。
第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。
做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。
本题第1小题，根据第一段第六句Atthattime—abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup—yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.可知，之所以你有时在午后感到困倦，是因为你的体温在那个时候会下降。
故选C。
D
In1943,whenIwas4,myparentsmovedfromCoeurd’Alene,Idaho,toFairbanks,Alaska,whereadventurewa
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