高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练12.docx

高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练12.docx

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高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练12

2014高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练（12）及答案

较难题目特训：

科普知识类

Peoplewhoaretakingaspirinregularlytothintheirbloodandareabouttoundergocoronaryarterybypasssurgery（冠状动脉旁路搭桥术）areusuallytostoptheaspirinaweekbeforetheoperation–buttheycouldbebetteroffiftheykeeptakingit.

Takingaspirinuptothedaycoronaryarterybypassgrafting（移植）isperformedseemstospeedlungfunctionrecoveryafterwards,withoutincreasingtheriskofbleedingsignificantly,accordingtoareportfromIsrael.

Releaseofasubstancecalledthromboxane（血栓素）isassociatedwithlunginjuryafterheartbypassgrafting,DrRabinGerrahatAssutaMedicalCenterinTelAvivandhiscolleaguesexplainedinthemedicaljournalChest.Aspirinisbelievedtoinhibitreleaseofthromboxane,soGerrah’sgrouptheorizedthattheadministrationofaspirinuntilthedayofthesurgerycouldimproveoutcomes.

Theythereforefollowed14patientswhotook100milligramsofaspirindailyuntilthedayofthesurgeryand18whostoppedtakingaspirinatleast7daysbeforethesurgery.

Thosewhocontinuedwiththeiraspirinhadsignificantlylowerthromboxaneinfluidaroundtheheart,betteroxygenlevelsintheirbloodandspentlesstimeonaventilator（呼吸器）thanthegroupwhodiscontinuedtakingaspirin.

Ontheotherhand,theneedforbloodtransfusionswasnodifferentbetweenthegroups,indicatingthatbleedingcomplicationswerenoworsewithaspirin.

Theresearchershadexcludedpatientswhohadsufferedaheartattackandthosewithheartfailurebecausepatientslikethesehaveahigherlevelofthrombaxane.“Theywillprobablybenefitevenmorethanitsinhibition.”

Basedontheirfindings,Gerrah’steamrecommendsthataspirintherapy（治疗）notbediscontinuedbeforecoronaryarterybypasssurgery.

55.Fromthepassageweknowthat_______.

A.doctorsusuallygetpeoplewhowillhavecoronaryarterybypasssurgerytostoptakingaspirin7daysbeforetheoperation

B.aspirinisbelievedtoincreasereleaseofthromboxane

C.takingaspirinuptothedaycoronaryarterybypassgraftingisperformedseemstoslowlungfunctionrecoveryafterwards

D.patientssufferingaheartattackhavealowerlevelofthromboxane

56.Thepurposeofthepassageistointroducetousthat_________.

A.aspirincanmakeforreleaseofthromboxane

B.aspirinisusefulforpatientssufferingaheartattack

C.differentwaysturnouttobethesameresult

D.aspirinmayimproverecoveryafterheartbypass

57.AccordingtoDrRabinGerrah,patientswhowillhaveheartbypasssurgeryshould_______.

A.stoptakingaspirinbeforethesurgery

B.takeaspirinasmuchastheylikeuntilthedayofthesurgery

C.beallowedtotake100milligramsofaspirindailyuntilthedayofthesurgery

D.takeaspirinaftertheheartbypassoperation

58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inhibit”inparagraph3mean?

A.tobecomelargerorbetterthannormal

B.tomakesomethinghappenmoreslowlythannormal

C.tocausetobenervousorembarrassed

D.toimprovesomethinginpoorcondition

【参考答案】4.55-58ADCB　　

阅读理解-----A

Manypeopleeventuallygetroundtotradingintheirfirstcar.ButnotMikeHarrison.Heloveshis1931blackBentleysportscarsomuchthathe’sstilldrivingit–54yearsafterbeboughtit.

MrHarrisonwas20whenhepaid£150（about£3,000now）forthecarafterpassinghistestin1956.Ithadalreadydone85,000milesandhehassincedrivenitafurther100,000,yetthecarstillrunslikeclockwork.

Itisnowoneofonlythreeleftinthecountryandisworth£250,000.Despiteitsvalue,MrHarrison,74,sayshewouldneversellthecar“whichhasbeenmybestfriendandpartofmyfamilyallmylife”.

MrHarrisoncourtedhiswifeJennyinitduringtheearlysixtiesanditwastheirfamilycarwhenchildrenCaroline,now46,andBen,42,camealong.Evenwhenhetookajobasanadvertisingexecutivewhichcamewiththecompanycarofhischoice,MrHarrisonkepttheBentley.

Hesaid:

'Howmanypeoplestillhavetheirfirstcarthesedayswheneverythingissodisposable?

Butitisarealeye-catcher.Ithassomethingthatmoderncarsjustdon'thave-styleandcharacter.'Istilldriveitmostdays,eventhoughitonlydoesabout15milestothegallon!

'Petrolwasjustsixshillings（30p）agallonwhenMrHarrisonboughttheBentley,whichhadatopspeedof120mph.

Hehasspentthousandsofpoundsonrepairsovertheyearsbuthaskeptthebodyworkingoodconditionhimself,hand-paintingtheunderneathandsprayingtheblackpanelsofthebodywork.

FordecadestheBentleywasaregularsightontheroadsnearMrHarrison'shomeinHamptonCourt,Surrey.HenowusesitasarunaroundafterretiringtoWhitney-on-Wye,Herefordshire.

MrsHarrison,71,said:

“Itwasanuisance（累赘）keepingitintip-toporderwithmehelpingoutwiththerepairsbypassingMikethespannersthewholetime.ButIwouldn'thavechangedanyofit---IfeellikeaQueeneverytimeI'minit.”

1.WhenMikeHarrisonboughthisblackBentleysportscar,itwas.

A.ahand–madecarB.asecond–handcar

C.oneofonlythreeleftD.uniqueinstyle

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题为细节推理题。

由文章第二段第二句话“Ithadalreadydone85,000miles…”可知，MikeHarrison买车的时候，车已经跑

了85,000miles，可以推断,Bentleysportscar是二手车。

故答案为B。

2.MikeHarrisonwouldneversellthecarmainlybecause.

A.ithaswitnessedhislifeandhisfamilyB.itisveryeye–catching

C.ithassavemuchoilD.itrunsveryfast

答案解析：

答案为A。

本题为推理题。

由第三段“MrHarrison,74,sayshewouldneversellthecar‘whichhasbeenmybestfriendandpartofmyfamilyallmylife’”.和第四段的进一步解释可知，这辆车一直陪伴着他和他的家庭，故答案为A。

3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthecar.

A.hascostmoreforrepairsthanitisworth

B.hasalmostbeenretired

C.hascausedmuchtroubletoMrs.Harrison.

D.ispricelesstothefamily

答案解析：

答案为D。

本题为文章主旨推理题。

通读全文可知，尽管MikeHarrison的车现在已经速度减慢，需要经常修理，但是它见证了MikeHarrison和他的家庭生活，所以这辆车在他们的心中是无价的。

故答案为D。

由第三段“Itisnowoneofonlythreeleftinthecountryandisworth£250,000.”和第六段“Hehasspentthousandsofpoundsonrepairsovertheyears…”可知，车的修理费是几千镑，但是价值是250,000镑，故A选项错误。

由最后一段最后一句话“ButIwouldn'thavechangedanyofit---IfeellikeaQueeneverytimeI'minit.”可知，这辆车还是在使用，并没退休，故B选项错误。

C选项未提及。

4.What’sthemainpurposeofthiswriting?

A.Toshowthatanoldcarisbetterthananewone.

B.ToshareMikeHarrison’sstoryofhisfirstcar.

C.Toaskpeopletotreasureoldthings.

D.TodescribethequalityofablackBentley.

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题考查文章的写作目的，结合前面的问题可知，全文都是在围绕MikeHarrison和他的车展开，故答案为B。

社会生活类

Directions:

Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Mostpeoplelookforwardtoretirementasatimewhentheycanfinallytakeupactivitiesthattheyneverhadthetimeorenergytopursuebefore.Butsomerecentstudiesonpeopleintheirgoldenyearsaredisturbing—theysuggestthatretireesaremorelikelytosufferfromdepressionandpossiblyhigherratesofotherdiseasessuchasheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.That’swhyanewstudyofFrenchworkersiswelcomenews.

LedbyHugoWesterlund,aprofessorofpsychologyatStockholmUniversity,thestudyofmorethan14,000workersfoundlowerratesofdepressionandfatigue（疲劳）inpeopleaftertheygottiredwhiletheywerestillemployed.

ThescientistsfollowedtheemployeesoftheFrenchnationalgasandelectriccompanyfor14years.Theyfoundintheyearimmediatelyafterretirement,thevolunteersreported40%fewerdepressivesymptomsthantheyhadintheyearbeforetheirretirement.Theresearchersalsofoundan81%dropinreportsofbothmentalandphysicalfatigueoverthesametimeperiod.

Clearly,saidWesterlund,muchofthesedecreaseinphysicalandmentalfatiguecanbetracedbacktorelieffromthestressesofwork.Thedeclineindepressivesymptomssuggeststhatretirementmaybehavingapositivementaleffect,too,whichmayhavealottodowiththegenerouspensions（养老金）thatFrenchworkersenjoy.Mostretireesinthatcountrystillbenefitfromabout80%oftheiryearlysalaries.

“Theeconomicorfinancialsituationinretirementisveryimportant,”Westerlundsays.“Wedon’tknowifthedecreaseinfatigueanddepressivesymptomsisbecauseoftheremovalofsomethingbadwhileinworkortheadditionofsomethinggoodwhileinretirement.Butnomatterthereason,iflifeinretirementisnotcomfortable,thenwewon’tseetheimprovementswedid.”

However,inEuropeannationslikeFrance,governmentsareconsideringchangestopensionplans,whichmayaffectretirees’healthaftertheyleavetheirjobs—withlessofafinancialsafetynet,workersmaynolongerseemsomentallyandphysicallyhappytobeoutofwork.

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANEIGHTWORDS.）

1.Accordingtosomerecentstudies,retiredpeoplemayhavedepressionandhigherratesofotherdiseaseslike　　　.

2.Westerlund’sgroupfoundthatintheyearjustaftertheretirementmostretiredFrenchworkersfeltmuchlesstiredboth　　　.

3.Theword“improvements”inparagraph5referto　　　.

4.Retirementmaymakepeoplehappierwith　　　.

【参考答案】22、【参考答案】

1.heartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure　

2.mentallyandphysically

3.thedecreaseoffatigueanddepressivesymptoms　

4.moreofafinancialsafetynet　　

阅读理解-----B

America’spopulationwasboomingandspreadingwestintheearly1800’s.WestwardexpansioncamemostlyattheexpenseoftheIndianswhowereoftenforcedtomovefromtheirnativelands.

InthestateofGeorgia,thepopulationincreased600percentinthematterof40years.Asaresult,manyofitsnativetribes（部落）werepushedout.TheCherokeeIndians,ofwesternGeorgiahadmanagedtokeept