届高考英语第二轮知识点随堂巩固训练16.docx
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届高考英语第二轮知识点随堂巩固训练16
“语法填空+短文改错”组合练(五)
[题组
(一)]
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017·江西师大附中、临川一中联考)TheyoungartistandpotterAllanhadawifeandtwofinesons.Onenight,hisoldersondevelopedaseverestomachache.NeitherAllannorhiswifetooktheconditionvery__1__(serious),buttheboydiedsuddenlythatnight.
Knowingthedeathcould__2__(avoid)ifhehadonlyrealizedtheseriousnessofthesituation,healwaysfelthewasguilty.Worsestill,hiswifelefthimashorttimelater,__3__(leave)himalonewithhis6yearoldyoungerson.Unabletostandthehurtandpain,heturnedtoalcoholandbecame__4__alcoholic.
Asthealcoholism__5__(progress),Allanbegantoloseeverythinghepossessedandfinallydiedaloneinasmallbar.Hearingofhisdeath,Ithought,“__6__acompletefailure!
”
Astimewentby,Ibegantorevaluemy__7__(early)roughjudgment.IknewAllan’snowadultson,Ernie,oneofthekindestandmostcaringmenI’veeverknown.Ihadn’theardhimtalkmuchabouthisfather.Oneday,Iworkedupmycouragetoaskhimwhat__8__earthhisfatherhaddonesothathebecamesuchaspecialperson.Erniesaidquietly,“AsachilduntilIlefthomeat18,Allancameintomyroomeverynight,gavemeakissandsaid,’loveyou,son’.”
TearscametomyeyesasIrealizedthatIhadbeenafooltojudgeAllan__9__afailure.Hehadnotleftanymaterial__10__(possess)behind.Buthehadbeenakindlovingfather,andleftbehindhisbestlove.
1.seriously take...seriously为固定短语,意为“重视……;认真处理……”,此外还可通过分析结构来判断词性,took为动词,应用副词修饰,故填seriously。
2.havebeenavoided 根据语境及“ifhehadonlyrealizedtheseriousnessofthesituation”可知,本句为虚拟条件句,表示与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时,主句可用couldhavedone结构,又因为death与avoid之间为被动关系,故填havebeenavoided。
3.leaving 句中已有谓语left,因此设空处应用非谓语动词;leave的逻辑主语为hiswife,两者之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作结果状语。
故填leaving。
4.an alcoholic作名词讲有“酗酒者”之意,且以元音音素开头,故填an。
5.progressed 句意:
随着酗酒行为的发展,艾伦失去了他所拥有的一切,最后独自一人死在了一个小酒馆里。
根据句意及句子结构可知,as引导时间状语从句,又根据began可知,从句应用一般过去时,故填progressed。
6.What 句末为感叹号,acompletefailure为名词性短语,故填What。
7.earlier 根据后文可知,通过艾伦小儿子的话,“我”改变了对艾伦的看法,因此不确切的评价应是“较早时候”作出的,故填earlier。
8.on onearth为固定短语,意为“究竟;到底”,此处表现出作者的好奇。
9.as as意为“当作”,通常出现在see/judge/regardsb.as...等结构中。
10.possessions 根据空前的material可知,设空处应用名词形式,表示“财产”,possession一般用复数形式,故填possessions。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2017·唐山市模拟)Beingateacherisalwaysbelievedtobeoneofgreatestoccupations,becauseteachersmakegreatcontributionsfortheworld.Lastweek,Igotachancetoexperienceteachingstudents.Ourschoolaskedustoteachsomekidsliveinthecountryside.Thekidswassohappythattheygavemeawarmwelcome.IteachthemEnglishandafterclass,weplayedgameshappily.Wehadalotoffunstogether.WhenIreturnedbacktoschool,Imissedthestudentssomuch.Theylikemebutsomeofthemhavekeptintouchwithmeeversince.Ifeltsoproudlyofbeingateacher.
答案:
第一句:
greatest前加the;for→to
第三句:
us→me;live→living
第四句:
was→were
第五句:
teach→taught
第六句:
funs→fun
第七句:
去掉back
第八句:
but→and
第九句:
proudly→proud
[题组
(二)]
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017·山西省考前适应性测试)Scientistshavediscoveredthat__1__(stay)inthecoldcouldhelpusloseweight.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatexposuretothecoldincreaseslevelsofaproteinthathelpsformbrownfat—thetypeoffatthatproducesheatandkeepsuswarm.Brownfatburnsenergy,__2__helpsusloseweight.Whitefatstoresextraenergy,whichresults__3__weightgain.Theresearcherssaidthatbecauseairconditioningandheatinggiveusconstant,__4__(comfort)temperatures,ourbody’sneedforbrownfathasdecreased.Theyfoundthat:
“OutdoorworkersinnorthernFinlandwho__5__(expose)tocoldtemperaturehaveasignificantamountofbrownfatwhen__6__(compare)tosameagedindoorworkers.”Theresearchwasconductedontwodifferentcontrolgroupsofmice.__7__groupwasinjectedwiththeproteinthathelpscreatebrownfat.Thisgrouplatergained30%lessweightafterbothgroupswerefedhighfatdiets.Theresearcherssaythiscouldbegoodnewsinthefightagainstobesity.Peoplewhoareobesehave__8__(low)levelsofbrownfatthanthinnerpeople.HeadresearcherHeiSookSulsaid,“Thisproteincouldbecomeanimportanttargetforresearchintothetreatmentand__9__(prevent)ofobesityandobesityrelateddiseases.”Sheadded,“Ifyoucansomehowincreaselevelsofthisprotein,youcould__10__(possible)losemoreweightevenifeatingthesameamountoffood.”
语篇解读:
要美丽,先“冻”人——美国研究人员发现,适度寒冷有助于减肥。
这项发现对研究治疗和阻止肥胖症及相关疾病有重要意义。
1.staying 空格处在that引导的宾语从句中作主语,所以要用动名词形式,故填staying。
2.which 分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面一整句话,故用which引导该定语从句。
3.in resultin为固定短语,意为“造成,导致”。
4.comfortable 空格处同constant并列,修饰名词temperatures,故用形容词形式,因此填comfortable,意为“使人舒服的,感到舒服的”。
5.areexposed expose...to...为固定短语,意为“使……暴露于……”。
当该结构中的宾语提前作主语时,要用被动形式beexposedto;此处be的形式应与前面的主语workers一致,且本文主体时态为一般现在时,故填areexposed。
6.compared 此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式,compare与其逻辑主语outdoorworkers之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。
完整的从句为whentheyarecomparedto...。
7.One 根据语境可知,有一组老鼠被注射了促进褐色脂肪生长的蛋白质。
此处表示“……其中之一”,故填One。
8.lower than是比较级的标志词,故填lower。
9.prevention 空格处与treatment并列,且前有定冠词the限定,后有介词of,所以要用prevent的名词形式,故填prevention。
10.possibly 空格处修饰动词lose,要用副词,故填possibly。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2017·烟台市诊断性测试)LiMingisafriendofmine.I’mgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyearsbefore.Hegottiredsoeasythathecouldn’ttakeexercise,thatmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlesshewentonlikethat,hewouldendupachievenothing.Sohemadeuphismindstomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomeitwithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.
答案:
第二句:
changed前加has
第三句:
before→ago
第四句:
easy→easily;第二个that→which或在第二个that前加and
第五句:
unless→if;achieve→achieving
第六句:
minds→mind
第七句:
去掉the
第八句:
or→and
第十一句:
it→them
[题组(三)]
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017·开封市质检)AtthelastweekendofNovember,IdrovetoFragrantHillsParktoseeredleaveswithmywife.Althoughtheparkannounceditclosed__1__(it)yearlyRedLeafFestivalearlyonNovember13,itwasstillverycrowded.It__2__(report)thatitreceivedmorethanonemillionvisitorsduringtheRedLeafFestival.
Weweretoldfourwaystothetopofthemountain,eachof__3__took60minutestocomplete.Wechoseonewaytogettothetop.__4__(see)fromthetop,itlookedverybeautiful.__5__colorfulthemountainis!
Sometreeswereallredandsomewerecovered__6__yellow.Theyellowleaveswereespeciallygoldenand__7__(enjoy).ThenwevisitedGlazedPagoda,SnowOntheWestMountainandsoon.Ithinktheywereall__8__(well)worthvisitingthanmanyotherattractions.
Ontheway,wemetanoldcouplewhocamefromAmerica.TheysaidthattheyhadtraveledinChinaforseveral__9__(month)andChinawasverygreatandbeautiful.WhenIheardwhattheysaid,Iwasfeeling__10__(pride)asaChinese.
1.its 设空处作定语,和yearly共同修饰RedLeafFestival,因此,应用形容词性物主代词。
2.wasreported 根据从句的时态为一般过去时可知,主句也应用一般过去时;It与report之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态。
故填wasreported。
3.which eachof________引导定语从句,先行词为ways,设空处作介词of的宾语,故用关系代词which。
4.Seen see的逻辑主语是句子的主语it,指代上文提到的themountain,两者之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作状语。
5.How 由句末的“!
”可知,这是一个感叹句,空格后为形容词colorful,所以用How引导。
6.with becoveredwith为固定搭配,意为“被……覆盖”。
故填with。
7.enjoyable and表示并列,设空处与golden(金色的)共同作were的表语,因此,应用形容词形式。
故填enjoyable。
8.better 根据句中的标志词than可知,此处应用比较级,well的比较级为better。
9.months month为可数名词,其前有several修饰,因此,应用名词的复数形式。
10.proud 设空处作感官动词feel的表语,应用形容词形式。
故填proud。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2017·安庆市二模)Alice,mybestfriend,devotesmanyenergytoherlessons.Sheisalwaysoneofthetopstudentinourclass.Shelovesthemusicsomuchthatshemadeitaruletoenjoysongsinhersparetime.Aliceisalwayswillingtohelpother,andsheoftenhelpsuswithourlessons.Asavolunteer,shehassuccessfulorganizedsomevoluntaryactivities.Wepaidavisitanursinghomelastmonth,sowepickeduprubbishnearourschool.Thatwedidwaswarmlywelcomed.Winhonorforourschool,Aliceiswellknowntoourclassmates.
答案:
第一句:
many→much
第二句:
student→students
第三句:
去掉the;made→makes
第四句:
other→others
第五句:
successful→successfully
第六句:
visit后加to;so→and
第七句:
That→What
第八句:
Win→Winning
[题组(四)]
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)
ManyofVanGogh’spaintingswereinspiredbywarm,yellowsunlightbecausehelovedhowitcouldlightuptheworldindifferentways.HispaintingSunflowers,forexample,__1__(fill)withvividyellowsandbrowns.Thesecolorsgive__2__paintingafeelingofwarmthandwellbeing.However,thesunflowersareactuallydeadanddying.
TheresultisapaintingthatcombinesthewarmthoflifethatVanGoghloved__3__thefeelingsofsadnessthatwereallaroundhim.Itisapaintingthatiswarm,beautifulandsad,allatthesametime.
VanGogh’smostfamouspainting,TheStarryNight,takesthis__4__(mix)ofjoyandsadnessonestepfurther.Itisalandscapefullofdeepbluesandshadows__5__representthesadnessVanGoghwasfeelingashe__6__(paint),ratherthanwhathewasactuallyseeing.
ThisiswhyVanGogh’s__7__(image)inhispaintinglookmoreimaginedthanreal.ThestarsandmooninTheStarryNightare__8__(unusual)bright,__9__(they)lightswirling(旋动)abovethedarkeninghills.Atreethatlookslikeblackfirecutsthroughtheviewofthenight,__10__(interrupt)itsbeauty.
语篇解读:
本文为一篇说明文,主要介绍了著名画家梵高的两幅画作以及它们的创作风格。
1.isfilled 此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语Hispainting为单数,Sunflowers是其同位语,为画作的名称,因此谓语动词用单数形式;且主语与fill之间为被动关系,因此应用被动语态。
故填isfilled。
2.the 上文中提到了梵高的《向日葵》这幅画,此处再次提及,应用定冠词the修饰painting,表特指。
3.with combine...with...意为“把……和……结合起来”,为固定搭配。
故填with。
4.mixture 设空处作takes的宾语,应用名词。
故填mixture。
5.that/which 句意:
它是一幅风景画,充满了代表着忧伤的深蓝色和阴影。
这种忧伤是梵高在作画时所感觉到的,而不是他真正看到的。
根据句意及句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,deepblues