语法专题二名词性从句.docx

语法专题二名词性从句.docx

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语法专题二名词性从句

名词性从句NounClauses

一.名词性从句的种类

1）Thegoodnewsisthatthereisalotwecandotohelp.

2）Idon’tknowwherehehasgone.

3）Weknowlittleaboutwhatcausesendangerment.

4）WeallknowthefactthatLilygotthefirstprize.

5）WhichbookIshouldchoosehasnotbeendecided.

二．名词性从句基本用法

1.主语从句

在复合句中作主语。

引导词有连词that（that不可省）,whether;代词有who,what,which;副词when,where,how,why等.如:

1）Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.（Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.）

2）WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.（ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.）

主语从句典型错误

1）Thatshewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.

2）Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.

3）Nomatterwhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.

4）Ifthemeetingwillbeheldinourschoolisnotknownyet.

5）Thatworriedherabitthathecouldn’tgetintouchwithherfriend.

2.宾语从句

宾语从句引导词有连词that,whether,if;代词有who,whose,what,which;副词when,where,how,why等。

1）ThiswayoflifeisdifferentfromwhatIusedtohaveinChina.

2）Itoldhim（that）Iwouldcomebacksoon.

3）Hesaid（that）hewouldgotherethenextdayandthathisfamilywouldn’tgothere.

3.表语从句

表语从句引导词有连词that（that不可省）,whether;代词有who,what,which;副词when,where,how,why，asif/asthough,because等。

如:

1）Theproblemisthatwedidn’tgetintouchwithhim.

2）ThisishowHenrysolvedtheproblem.

3）Hissuggestionisthatwe（should）finishtheworkatonce.

***如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.

表语从句典型错误：

1）ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasbecauseImissedthetrain.

2）---Irangyouataboutten,butthereisnoreply.

---Oh,thatwasprobablywhyIwasseeingthedoctor.

3）Thedifficultywenowmeetwithisifwecanpersuadehimtotellthetruth.

4.同位语从句

同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体、实际内容。

fact,dream,belief,information,saying,story，thought,promise,decision,conclusion,hope…等后接“that”引导的同谓语从句，“that”在同位语从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，无具体词义，且不可省略。

1）Thethoughtthatwemightsucceedexcitedus.

2）Weallholdabeliefthataslongasweworkhard,we’llsucceed.

3）Heexpressedthehopethattheywouldcomeagain.

***suggestion,advice,order,proposal…等后接“that”引导的同谓语从句，从句中谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.

Theideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering.

***idea,question,problem等后可接“that,wh-疑问词引导的同位语从句。

1）我不知道运动会是否会准时举行。

I’venoidea_________________________________________________.

2）Whencarryingouttheexperiment,wemetaproblem_______welackedfunds.

3）Heputforwardaproblem________wecouldfulfillthetaskontime.

同位语从句与定语的区别

两种从句都可以用that引导e.g.

但引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：

that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分:

主语，宾语和表语。

DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeaCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.

（that不充当任何成分）

Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.

（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语还可用“which”。

）

判断下列从句的类别：

1）Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.

Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.

2）Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.

Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.

3）Weexpressedthehope________theyhadexpressed.

A.whateverB./C.whatD.nomatterwhat

Weexpressedthehope__________wewouldcometoChinaagain.

A.thatB./C.whatD.when

名词性从句练习

1）Thetraditionalviewis____wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that

2）Hedidn’tmake________clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.

A.thisB.thatC.itD.these

3）Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentiontowhat________.

A．havemarkedB.havebeenmarkedC．hadmarkedD．hadbeenmarked

4）Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder________.

Ａ.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycost

C.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost.

5）ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo___Icantosavethem.

A.whateverB.that　C.whichD.whichever

6）Hisadvice____toseetheexhibitioninterestedeveryoneofus.

A.thatwegoB.whichweshouldgoC.thatwewouldgoD.whenweshouldgo

三.名词性从句考点：

考点1---连接词：

A.that与what的区别

Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.

Thatanewteacherwillcometoourschoolistrue.

that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分。

what既有连接作用，又要在从句中充当成分（主语，宾语，表语）（…的东西/物/话/时间/地点/数目等不同概念）例如：

1.ZhengHe’sfirststopwasinwhatistodayapartofVietnam.

2.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.

3.Ironcamelater,inwhatwascalledtheIronAge.

Practice:

1._________hesaidsomadeusangry.

________hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.

2.Acomputercanonlydo_________youhaveinstructedittodo.

3.中国不再是过去的样子了。

4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin______wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where

*Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplace_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.

A.whatB.whichC.inwhichD.where

*Amoderncityhasbeensetup_____itwasawastelandtenyearsago.

A.whatB.whichC.inwhichD.where

B:

what（什么）/which（表选择,哪一个）

1.---Doyouknow____MrBlack’saddressis?

---HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.

2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter____itwas?

whatever/whichever

1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild__________heorshewants.

2.Youmaychoose_________bookyouwant.

3._______teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionship.

C:

whoever/whomever/whatever无论,不管…（状语从句/名词性从句）

whoever（主语／宾语）/whomever（宾语）

1.把你需要的任何东西带走，别管我。

Take____________________________________andleavemealone.

2.违反法律的任何人应受到惩罚。

__________________________________shouldbepunished.

3.I’llgivethebookto________youlike.

I’llgivethebookto_______hashelpedme.

D.表示是否whether与if

*在主语从句/表语从句/同位语从句只用whether，不用if

1.明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。

2.Theproblemis_______（是否）wehaveenoughtime.

*宾语从句中whether/if可换用,但在介词及个别动词后用whether

1.我并不在意你是否有钱。

Idon't’careabout________________________.

2.Wehavediscussed____________studentsshouldhavecellphones.

3.Wedoubt__________hewilldefeattheothers.

考点2：

it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法

it作形式主语

1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。

________________________________________isapity.

2.他来不来不重要。

_________________________________doesn’tmatter.

it作形式宾语

（1）Oneofthemottosmakesitclearthatscienceandbusinesscanandmustworktogethertobuildthefuture.

（feel/think/believe/suppose/find/consider......+it+adj./n.+从句或不定式）

（2）it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用于这些动词或短语后

Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.

a.like/dislike/love/hate+it+when......

b.seeto（务必）/relyon/dependon+it+that…...

c.appreciate+it+if......

考点3:

一致性

1：

主语从句与谓语的一致

他什么时候走还没有决定。

Whenhewillgo___________________________________.

Whatweneednow_____（is/are）morebooks.

Whatweneednow____morepractice.

2：

宾语从句中，主从句时态一致

1.Theteachertoldustheearthtraveledroundthesun.

2.Hesuggested___________________（我们用英语交流.）

3.Hisexpressionsuggestedthathebeveryhappy.

考点4:

从句语序（陈述句语序）

1.你能告诉我该怎样去那里？

2.他问我怎么了？

一.单项选择

1.Thequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.

A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how

2.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.

A.whichB.whenC./D.that

3.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.

A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because

4.___Ican’tunderstandis___shewantstochangehermind.

A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because

5.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.

A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif

6.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

7.Ihavetheinformation____.

A.ofwhathe’llcomesoonB.thathe’llcomesoon

C.ofthathe’llcomesoonD.hiscomingsoon

8.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.

---____itmademenearlymad.

A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak

9.Itremainsaquestion____wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.

A.howB.thatC.whenD.what

10.---CanIhelpyou?

---Yes,doyouknow____?

A.whencomesthebusB.whenwillcomethebus

C.whendoesthebuscomeD.whenthebuscomes

11.Hemadeapromise___anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.

A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif

12.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand____mademattersworsewas___nightbegantofall.

A.what;thatB.it;thatC.what;whenD.which;what

13.______wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan_________wehave.

A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what

14.Americawas_______wasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.

A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere

15.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_______sharesherinterests.

A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho

16.Thereason______Iplantogois_____shewillbedisappointed___Idon’t.

A.why;because;whenB.that;that;ifC.because;that;ifD.why;that;if

17.Theyexpressedthehope________theywouldcomeovertoChina.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when

18.Thefact______hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what

19.Ihavenoidea______hewillcomeback.

A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that

20.Oneofthemenheldtheview______thebooksaidwasright.

A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat

21.Wordhascome_____someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.

A.whatB.whetherC.thatD.which

22. I was free that evening .

 A.It happened to     B.It happened that  C.That happened   D.It