语法专题二名词性从句.docx

1、语法专题二名词性从句名词性从句Noun Clauses一. 名词性从句的种类1)The good news is that there is a lot we can do to help.2)I dont know where he has gone.3)We know little about what causes endangerment.4)We all know the fact that Lily got the first prize.5)Which book I should choose has not been decided.二名词性从句基本用法1.主语从句在复合句中作

2、主语。引导词有连词that (that 不可省), whether; 代词有who, what, which;副词 when, where, how, why 等.如:1)That he is a famous singer is known to us. (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)2)When he will go to America is not yet fixed. (It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)主语从句典型错误1)That she wants to

3、know is which dress she should buy.2)He will give up his job surprises all of us.3)No matter who breaks the law will be punished.4)If the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.5)That worried her a bit that he couldnt get in touch with her friend.2. 宾语从句宾语从句引导词有连词that, whether, if; 代词有w

4、ho, whose, what, which; 副词 when, where, how, why 等。1)This way of life is different from what I used to have in China. 2)I told him (that) I would come back soon.3)He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there.3. 表语从句表语从句引导词有连词that (that 不可省), whether; 代词有who, wha

5、t, which; 副词 when, where, how, why，as if/ as though, because 等。如:1)The problem is that we didnt get in touch with him.2)This is how Henry solved the problem. 3)His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.*如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order等名词时, 后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形, should可省略.表语从句典型错误

6、：1) The reason why I was late was because I missed the train.2)-I rang you at about ten, but there is no reply. - Oh, that was probably why I was seeing the doctor.3)The difficulty we now meet with is if we can persuade him to tell the truth.4. 同位语从句同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体、实际内容。fact, dream,

7、belief, information, saying, story，thought, promise, decision, conclusion, hope等后接“that”引导的同谓语从句，“that”在同位语从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，无具体词义，且不可省略。1)The thought that we might succeed excited us.2)We all hold a belief that as long as we work hard, well succeed.3)He expressed the hope that they would come again.

8、*suggestion, advice, order, proposal等后接“that”引导的同谓语从句，从句中谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.*idea, question, problem等后可接 “that, wh-疑问词引导的同位语从句。1)我不知道运动会是否会准时举行。Ive no idea _.2)When carrying out the experiment, we met a problem _ we lacked fu

9、nds.3)He put forward a problem _ we could fulfill the task on time.同位语从句与定语的区别两种从句都可以用that引导e.g. 但引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分: 主语， 宾语和表语。Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分）Dad made a prom

10、ise that excited all his children.(that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语还可用 “which”。）判断下列从句的类别：1)The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. The news that you told us is really encouraging.2)The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. The suggestion that

11、is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.3)We expressed the hope _ they had expressed. A. whatever B. / C. what D. no matter whatWe expressed the hope_ we would come to China again.A. that B. / C. what D. when名词性从句练习1)The traditional view is _ we sleep because our b

12、rain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. when B. why C. whether D. that 2)He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 3)When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what _. Ahave marked B. have been marked Chad marked Dhad been marked 4)Th

13、ese shoes look very good. I wonder _.how much cost they are B. how much do they costC. how much they cost D. how much are they cost.5)These wild flowers are so special I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever6)His advice _ to see the exhibition interested every one

14、of us.A. that we go B. which we should go C. that we would go D. when we should go三. 名词性从句考点：考点1 - 连接词：A. that 与 what 的区别What we cant get seems better than what we have.That a new teacher will come to our school is true.that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分。 what 既有连接作用， 又要在从句中充当成分（ 主语，宾语， 表语）( 的东西/物/话/时间/地点/

15、 数目等不同概念) 例如：1. Zheng Hes first stop was in what is today a part of Vietnam.2. With the development of science and technology, what was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 3. Iron came later, in what was called the Iron Age.Practice:1. _ he said so made us angry . _ he said at the

16、meeting made us angry.2. A computer can only do_ you have instructed it to do. 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。4. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. （04天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where* A modern city has been set up in the place _was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C.

17、in which D. where*A modern city has been set up_ it was a wasteland ten years ago.A. what B. which C. in which D. whereB : what (什么) / which ( 表选择, 哪一个) 1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _.2. I read about it in some book or other

18、, does it matter _ it was?whatever /whichever1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.2. You may choose _book you want.3. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championship. C: whoever/whomever/whatever 无论,不管（状语从句/名词性从句）whoever(主语宾语)/whomever(宾语)1.把你需要

19、的任何东西带走，别管我。Take _ and leave me alone.2.违反法律的任何人应受到惩罚。_ should be punished .3. Ill give the book to _ you like. Ill give the book to _has helped me.D. 表示是否 whether 与 if * 在主语从句 /表语从句 / 同位语从句只用whether ，不用 if 1.明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。2. The problem is _（是否）we have enough time .*宾语从句中whether / if 可换用, 但在介词及个别动

20、词后用whether1.我并不在意你是否有钱。 I dont care about _.2.We have discussed _students should have cell phones.3.We doubt _ he will defeat the others.考点 2 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法it 作形式主语1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.it 作形式宾语(1) One of the mottos makes it clear that science and business can and m

21、ust work together to build the future. (feel/think/believe/suppose/find/consider.+ it + adj./n. + 从句或不定式)(2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容, 常用于这些动词或短语后 I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .a. like/dislike/love/hate+ it + when.b. see to ( 务必）/rely on/depend on+ it+ that. c. appreciate+ it + if.考点3: 一致性1：主语

22、从句与谓语的一致他什么时候走还没有决定。When he will go _.What we need now_( is / are ) more books.What we need now _more practice.2 ：宾语从句中，主从句时态一致1 .The teacher told us the earth traveled round the sun.2. He suggested _ （我们用英语交流.）3. His expression suggested that he be very happy .考点 4 : 从句语序 (陈述句语序) 1.你能告诉我该怎样去那里？2.他问

23、我怎么了？一. 单项选择1. The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2. They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 3. The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because4. _ I cant

24、 understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because5. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if6. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that7

25、. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soon C. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon8. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break9. It remains a question _ we ca

26、n get so much money in such a short time. A. how B. that C. when D. what10. - Can I help you? - Yes, do you know _? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes11. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C.

27、 what D. that if12. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what13. _we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what14. America was _ was first called “Indi

28、a” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where15 .Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C .whoever D. no matter who16. The reason _I plan to go is _ she will be disappointed _I dont.A. why; because; when B. that; that; if C. because; that; if D.

29、 why; that; if17.They expressed the hope _ they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when18.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what19.I have no idea _ he will come back.A. where B. when C. what D. that20.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that21.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. what B. whether C. that D. which22. Iwasfreethatevening. A. IthappenedtoB. Ithappenedthat C. ThathappenedD. It