英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Toeatonlyavegan（素食的）dietmightsounddifficult,especiallywithmanypopulardishescontainingmeatorotheranimalproducts.Yetin2017,veganismwasdescribedas“thefastest-growinglifestylemovement”intheUK,accordingtoBBCnews.
AstudybyaUKmarketresearchorganization,suggeststhatover542,000Britswentveganduringthepreviousdecade,anincreaseof360%.Andthemainforcebehindthisincreasewasthoseaged15-34yearsold—42%ofrecentvegansfallunderthatagerange.
SowhyexactlyhasveganismbecomesopopularamongyoungBrits?
Onereasoncouldbethatmanyyoungpeoplewanttoprotecttheenvironment,aslessmeatconsumptionisknowntobebeneficialtotheenvironment.Globalmeatmanufacturingisbelievedtocause18%oftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions（排放）,evenmorethanthatofalltheworld'scars,trainsandplanescombined.Anotherreasonisthatmanyoftoday'syoungpeoplebelievethatit'swrongtokillanimalstobeusedasfood.
JessMurray,22,astudentatUniversityCollegeLondon,saidthathechosetobecomeveganafterrealizingthateatinganimalsisachoicethatpeoplemake,ratherthansomethingthatweneedtodotosurvive.“Becomingveganwasanethical（道德的）decision,”hetoldtheGuardian.
Socialmediaisalsobelievedtohavegivenrisetotheincreaseinveganism.PlatformssuchasFacebookallowyoungveganstoconnectwitheachothermucheasier,whileotherssuchasInstagramhaveledtothecreationof“vegancelebrities（名人）”,whosharelipsonveganlifestyles.
Despitetherisingofveganism,LauraWyness,anexpertindietandnutrition,saidthatmeatisveryimportantforpeople'shealth.“Astrictvegandietmakesitdifficulttogetsomemineralsandvitaminsthatyourbodyneeds,”WynesstoldBBCnews.
However,thepopularityofveganismdoesn'tseemtobefading.“Itfeelsmorelikethisissomethingthatissticking.”saidanexpertoftheVeganSociety,aUKcharitythatpromotesveganism.
（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutveganism,“thefastest-growinglifestylemovement”inUK?
A. Ithascreatedmanypopulardishes.
B. Itisbackedupmainlybyoldpeople.
C. Ithasledtofurthermarketresearch.
D. Ithasgrownsteeplyinthepast10years.
（2）ThefollowingmayaccountfortheincreaseinveganismEXCEPT .
A. Youngpeoplepreferanenvironment-friendlylife.
B. Youngpeoplewanttobecomeethicalcelebrities.
C. Mealmanufacturingcontributesalottotheworld'sgreenhousegas.
D. Socialmediaallowtheveganmessagetospreadquicklyaround.
（3）Theunderlinedword“sticking”intheIasiparagraphisequalto inmeaning.
A. important
B. special
C. lasting
D. impressive
（4）Whichofthefollowingwillserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?
A. YoungBritsGoingVegan
B. VeganismComesFirst
C. HowtoStartaVeganLifestyle
D. VeganismandtheEnvironment
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。
这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间的年轻人。
其原因可能是由于肉类加工排放的热量大过世界上所有的汽车，火车和飞机的总和，他们认为杀死动物用作食物是不对，年轻人想要保护环境。
另外社会媒体的参与也导致了年轻的素食者的增加。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“AstudybyaUKmarketresearchorganization,suggeststhatover542,000Britswentveganduringthepreviousdecade,anincreaseof360%.”可知，英国市场研究表明，在过去的十年里，素食主义者的人数增长了360%，增长迅猛。
”故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第五段中的“Becomingveganwasanethical（道德的）decision,”他们认为素食是道德上的决定，及第六段可知，社交媒体也被认为导致了素食主义的增加的原因之一，因而出现了一些所谓的素食名人来分享他们的生活方式，可知素食主义者的增加不是因为他们想成为道德名人，而是分享素食主义让他们成为“名人”，这不是素质快速发展的原因，因此选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。
根据第六段中的“thepopularityofveganismdoesn'tseemtobefading.‘Itfeelsmorelikethisissomethingthatissticking.’”根据转折连词however可知，前后两句意义是相反的。
前面说“素食主义的流行似乎并没有消退”，因此可推断出后一句是反而会持续下去。
故sticking意为”持续”，可知，lasting“持久的，持续的”符合题意，故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知，本文主要讲述过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。
这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间。
素食主义在英国的年轻人中非常流行的原因可能是年轻人想要保护环境，社会媒体的参与也导致了素食者的增加。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Basicinformationaboutthreeclassicalmovies
1ForrestGump
"Stupidisasstupiddoes,"saysForrestGump（playedbyTomHanksinanOscar-winningperformance）ashediscusseshisrelativelevelofintelligencewithastrangerwhilewaitingforabus.Despitehissub-normalIQ,Gumpleadsatrulycharmedlife,witharingsideseatformanyofthemostmemorableeventsofthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury...（Clickheretoshowmore）
Rating:
PG-13（Under13requiresaccompanyingparentoradultguardian）
Genre:
Comedy,Drama,Romance
DirectedBy:
RobertZemeckis
WrittenBy:
EricRoth
InTheaters:
Jul6,1994Wide
OnDisc/Streaming:
Aug28,2001
BoxOffice：
$330,000,000
Runtime:
142minutes
Studio:
ParamountPictures
2RainMan
Self-centered,avariciousCalifornianCharlieBabbitt（TomCruise）isinformedthathislong-estrangedfatherhasdied.ExpectingatleastaportionoftheelderBabbitt's$3millionestate,Charlielearnsthatallhe'sinheritedishisdad'sprizerosesanda1949BuickRoadmaster.Discoveringthatthe$3millionisbeingheldintrustforanunidentifiedparty,CharlieheadstohishometownofCincinnatitoascertainwhothatpartyis…（Clickheretoshowmore）
Rating:
R（Under17requiresaccompanyingparentoradultguardian）
Genre:
Drama
DirectedBy:
BarryLevinson
WrittenBy:
RonaldBass,BarryMorrow,DavidRayfiel,BarryLevinson
InTheaters:
Dec16,1988Wide
OnDisc/Streaming:
Jan1,2000
Runtime:
133minutes
Studio:
MGM
3TheShawshankRedemption
In1946,abankernamedAndyDufresne（TimRobbins）isconvictedofadoublemurder,eventhoughhestubbornlyproclaimshisinnocence.He'ssentencedtoalifetermattheShawshankStatePrisoninMaine,whereanotherlifer,Ellis"Red"Redding（MorganFreeman）,pickshimasthenewrecruitmostlikelytocrackunderthepressure.But...（Clickheretoshowmore）
Rating:
R（Under17requiresaccompanyingparentoradultguardian）
Genre:
APrisonDrama
DirectedBy:
FrankDarabont
WrittenBy:
FrankDarabont
InTheaters:
Sep10,1994Wide
OnDisc/Streaming:
Jan27,1998
Runtime:
142minutes
Studio:
ColumbiaPictures
（1）WhoisthedirectorofRainMan?
A.FrankDarabont.
B.BarryMorrow.
C.BarryLevinson
D.RobertZemeckis.
（2）ThetypeofTheShawshankRedemptionis .
A.prisondrama
B.romance
C.love
D.comedy
（3）Whichofthefollowingpersonsisregardedtobeunintelligentinthethreemovies?
A.AndyDufresne.
B.CharlieBabbitt.
C.ForrestGump.
D.RainMan.
【答案】
（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。
这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据RainMan部分中的“DirectedBy:
BarryLevinson”可知，RainMan的导演是BarryLevinson。
故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据TheShawshankRedemption部分中的“Genre:
APrisonDrama，”可知，TheShawshankRedemption电影的体裁是APrisonDrama监狱剧，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据ForrestGump部分中的"‘Stupidisasstupiddoes,’saysForrestGump...Despitehissub-normalIQ,Gumpleadsatrulycharmedlife.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（ForrestGump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。
尽管他（阿甘）的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。
可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Mostpeopleknowthatlisteningtomusicwhentheyarefeelingdownordepressedcanencouragetheirspirits.
Howeverstudieshavealsoshownthatmusic,especiallycertaintonescanreducestress.Musiccanchangebrainwavepatterns,deepenbreathing,andbringonatotallystress-freeandmoreopenmindset（心态）.Usingmusictorelaxwhenconsideringaparticularproblemmaynotonlyraiseyourmood,butalsocouldhelpyoureachthat"a-ha"momentandfindasolution.
Musichasalsobeenshownnotonlytomakeyoufeelgood,butalso,tobeagreatmotivator.Forexample,duringexercise,listeningtomusiccankeepyougoing,orgetyoutoexercisemorebyhelpingyoutoignorenegativefeelingsoftirednessandfocusonthepleasurablefeelingsyougetfrombeingabsorbedinthemusic.
Musicismainlyusedtorecordemotion.Whenwelistentoapieceofmusicwesharetheartist'sfeelingsonavisceral（本来的）level.Thatcanbesad,andwhoamongushasn'tputonapainfullovesongtoshareinthemiseryafterabadbreak-up?
Onthecontrary,wecanshareinthedelightofsongsofjoyandhappiness,oranysongorpieceofmusicthatremindsusofaparticularhappytimeinourpast.
Sonexttimeyouarefeelingdown,putonBeethoven'sOdetoJoy,Ibetyouwillfeelalotbetteraboutwhateveritwasthatwasbotheringyou!
（1）Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthatmusiccan
A. benefityouinmanyways B. promoteyoutofindmorequestions
C. changethepatternsofyourlifestyle
D. influenceyourattentiontoaproblem
（2）Theauthorwrotethesecondparagraphmainlyto
A. tellusastory
B. makesomecomments
C. giveusanexample
D. listsomefacts
（3）Whenweenjoyapieceofsadmusic,
A. we'llsharetheartist'sfeelingsdeeply
B. wemayrecallourmiserablepast
C. wemayberemindedofparticularjoy D. we'llshowmercyontheartist'slife
（4）What'sthebesttitleofthetext?
A. Whatmusicmeanstoamusiclover
B. Whypeoplelovehappymusic
C. Whatkindofmusicispopular
D. Howmusicchangesyourlife
【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了音乐怎样改变人们的生活。
（1）考查推理判断题。
根据第一段Mostpeopleknowthatlisteningtomusicwhentheyarefeelingdownordepressedcanencouragetheirspirits.可知音乐对我
升级会员 