高考英语复习题课时16阅读理解技法1.docx

高考英语复习题课时16阅读理解技法1.docx

《高考英语复习题课时16阅读理解技法1.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语复习题课时16阅读理解技法1.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高考英语复习题课时16阅读理解技法1

课时16　阅读理解技法1

Ⅰ.阅读理解技法演练

一、拨云见日　事实细节题

【精要提示】　考生要从文段中获得回答细节题的具体信息，可不必详尽阅读整篇文章，只需找出可能包含所需信息的段落，迅速划定关键词语，然后加以重点理解即可，也就是所谓的“寻读法”。

考生在运用此法时，应根据文段的结构和写作顺序，有针对性地寻读，迅速锁定相关内容。

【微情景练】

快速寻读抓关键信息

Reading1

（2015·广东卷，A）Peterlovedtoshopusedarticles.Almostamonthago，heboughtapopularwordgamethatusedlittlepiecesofwoodwithdifferentlettersonthem.Ashewaspurchasingit，thesalesgirlsaid，“Oh，look，thegameboxhasn'tevenbeenopenedyet.Thatmightbeworthsomemoney.”

Peterexaminedthebox，and，sureenough，itwascompletelycoveredinfactory－sealedplastic.Andhesawadateof1973onthebackofthebox.

26．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPeter'swordgame?

A．Itwasmadearound40yearsago.

B．Ithadgameboardsindifferentsizes.

C．Itwaskeptinaplasticbagwithaseal.

D．Ithadlittlepiecesofwoodindifferentcolors.

27．WhatdidthesalesgirlprobablythinkofPeter'swordgame?

A．Oldandhandy.

B．Rareandvaluable.

C．Classicandattractive.

D．Colorfulandinteresting

Reading2

（2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ，A）ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia，myhusband，Rashid，stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.

Duringthefirstweekofhisstay，hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers，includinghispassport.

...

WhatdidRashidplantodoafterhisarrivalinSydney?

A．Goshopping.B．Findahouse.

C．Joinhisfamily.D．Takeavacation.

二、高瞻远瞩　主旨大意题

【精要提示】　做主旨大意题时可以通过：

（1）寻找主题句，确定文章大意。

在许多情况下，尤其是在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。

（2）抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。

寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找各段落中心的基础上。

各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。

（3）抓主线和关键词，归纳文章中心。

要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句隐含在段落中。

【微情景练】

通过寻找主题句、抓段落大意和抓主线，寻找答案

Reading1

（2014·福建卷，A）ItwasMother'sDaymorninglastyearandIwasdoingshoppingatourlocalsupermarketwithmyfive－year－oldson，Tenyson.Aswewereleaving，wefoundthatonlyminutesearlieranelderlywomanhadfallenoverattheentranceandhadhitherheadontheconcrete.Herhusbandwaswithher，buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock.

...

Themanthenbentdownandgavehiswifetheflower，tellingherwhoitwasfrom.Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken，theoldladylookedupatTenysonwithloveinhereyesandgavehimalittlesmile.

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．FlowerPower

B．Mother'sDay

C．AnAccidentalInjury

D．AnEmbarrassingMoment

Reading2

（2015·天津卷，D）OncewhenIwasfacingadecisionthatinvolvedhighrisk，Iwenttoafriend.Helookedatmeforamoment，andthenwroteasentencecontainingthebestadviceI'veeverhad:

Beboldandbrave—andmighty（强大的）forceswillcometoyouraid.

...

Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A．Toencouragepeopletobecourageous.

B．Toadvisepeopletobuildupphysicalpower.

C．Totellpeoplethewaystoguaranteesuccess.

D．Torecommendpeopletodevelopmoreabilities.

Ⅱ.能力提升练

A

（2015·浙江卷，B）Graphscanbeaveryusefultoolforconveyinginformation，especiallynumbers，percentages，andotherdata.Agraphgivesthereaderapicturetointerpret.Thatcanbealotmoreefficientthanpagesandpagesexplainingthedata.

Graphscanseemfrightening，butreadingagraphisalotlikereadingastory.Thegraphhasatitle，amainidea，andsupportingdetails.Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoanalyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext.

Mostgraphshaveafewbasicparts：

acaptionorintroductionparagraph，atitle，alegendorkey，andlabeledaxes.Anactivereaderlooksateachpartofthegraphbeforetryingtointerpretthedata.Captionswillusuallytellyouwherethedatacamefrom（forexample，ascientificstudyof400Africanelephantsfrom1980to2005）．Captionsusuallysummarizetheauthor'smainpointaswell.Thetitleisveryimportant.Ittellsyouthemainideaofthegraphbystatingwhatkindofinformationisbeingshown.Alegend，alsocalledakey，isaguidetothesymbolsandcolorsusedinthegraph.Manygraphs，includingbargraphsandlinegraphs，havetwoaxesthatformacorner.Usuallytheseaxesaretheleftsideandthebottomofthegraph.Eachaxiswillalwayshavealabel.Thelabeltellsyouwhateachaxismeasures.

BarGraphs

Abargraphhastwoaxesandusesbarstoshowamounts.InGraph1，weseethatthex－axisshowsgradesthatstudentsearned，andthey－axisshowshowmanystudentsearnedeachgrade.Youcanseethat6studentsearnedanAbecausethebarforAstretchesupto6ontheverticalmeasurement.Thereisalotofinformationwecangetfromasimplegraphlikethis（SeeGraph1）．

LineGraphs

Alinegraphlookssimilartoabargraph，butinsteadofbars，itplotspointsandconnectsthemwithaline.Ithasthesamepartsasabargraph—twolabeledaxes—andcanbereadthesameway.Toreadalinegraph，it'simportanttofocusonthepointsofintersectionratherthanthelinesegmentsbetweenthepoints.Thistypeofgraphismostcommonlyusedtoshowhowsomethingchangesovertime.Hereisagraphthatchartshowfarabirdfliesduringthefirstfivedaysofitsspringmigration（SeeGraph2）．

Theunitofmeasurementforthex－axisisdays.Theunitofmeasurementforthey－axisiskilometers.Thuswecanseethat，onthefirstday，thepipitflew20kilometers.ThelinesegmentgoesupbetweenDay1andDay2，whichmeansthatthebirdflewfartheronDay2.Ifthelinesegmentangleddown，asbetweenDay4andDay5，itwouldmeanthatthebirdflewfewerkilometersthanthedaybefore.Thislinegraphisaquick，visualwaytotellthereaderaboutthebird'smigration.

PieGraphs

Atypicalpiegraphlookslikeacircularpie.Thecircleisdividedintosections，andeachsectionrepresentsafractionofthedata.Thegraphiscommonlyusedtoshowpercentages；thewholepierepresents100percent，soeachpieceisafractionofthewhole.

Apiegraphmightincludealegend，oritmightuseiconsorlabelswithineachslice.Thispiegraphshowsonemonth'sexpenses（SeeGraph3）．

Food$25

Movies$12

Clothing$36

Savings$20

Books$7

1．Whenusedinagraph，alegendis________．

A．aguidetothesymbolsandcolors

B．anintroductionparagraph

C．themainidea

D．thedata

2．WhatisthetotalnumberofstudentswhoearnedaCorbetter?

A．4.B．6.C．10.D．20.

3．Thebirdcoveredthelongestdistanceon________．

A．Day1B．Day2C．Day3D．Day4

4．WhichofthefollowingcostAmymost?

A．Food.B．Books.C．Movies.D．Clothing.

B

（2015·江阴四校联考）StephenHawking，whospendshiscareerdecoding（破译）theuniverseandevenexperiencedweightlessness，isurgingthecontinuationofspaceexploration—forhumanity'ssake.

The71－year－oldHawkingsaidhedidnotthinkhumanswouldsurviveanother1，000years“withoutescapingbeyondourfragileplanet”．

TheBritishcosmologist（宇宙学家）madetheremarksonTuesdaybeforeanaudienceofdoctors，nursesandemployeesatCedars－SinaiMedicalCenter，wherehetouredastemcelllaboratorythat'sfocusedontryingtoslowtheprogressionofLouGehrig'sdisease.

Hawkingwasdiagnosedwiththeneurologicaldisorder（神经障碍）50yearsagowhilehewasastudentatCambridgeUniversity.Herecalledhowhebecamedepressedandatthebeginningdidn'tseeapointinfinishinghisdoctorate.Buthecontinuedtodigintohisstudies.“Ifyouunderstandhowtheuniverseoperates，youcontrolitinaway，”hesaid.

Well－knownforhisworkonblackholesandtheoriginsofthecosmos，Hawkingisfamousforbringingesoteric（只有内行才懂的）physicsconceptstothemassesthroughhisbest－sellingbooks，includingABriefHistoryofTime，whichsoldmorethan10millioncopiesworldwide.HawkingtitledhishourlonglecturetoCedars－SinaiemployeesABriefHistoryofMine.

HawkinghassurvivedlongerthanmostpeoplewithLouGehrig'sdisease，alsoknownasamyotrophiclateralsclerosis（ALS）．ALSattacksnervecellsinthebrainandspinalcordthatcontrolthemuscles.Peoplegraduallyhavemoreandmoretroublebreathingandmovingasmusclesweakenandwasteaway.There'snocureandnowaytoreversethedisease'sprogression.FewpeoplewithALSlivelongerthanadecade.

Hawkingreceivesaround－the－clockcare，canonlycommunicatebytwitching（抽动）hischeek，andreliesonacomputerfixedtohiswheelchairtoconveyhisthoughtsinadistinctiveroboticmonotone.

Despitehisdiagnosis，Hawkinghasremainedactive.In2007，hefloatedlikeanastronautonanaircraftthatcreatesweightlessnessbymakingparabolic（抛物线的）dives.“Howeverdifficultlifemayseem，thereisalwayssomethingyoucandoandsucceedin，”hesaid.

Dr.RobertBaloh，directorofCedars－Sinai'sALSprogramwhoinvitedHawking，saidhehadnoexplanationforthephysicist'slonglife.Balohsaidhehadtreatedpatientswholivedfor10yearsormore.“But50__years__is__unusual，to__say__the__least，”hesaid.

In2009，PresidentBarackObamaawardedHawkingthePresidentialMedalofFreedomforhiswork.

5．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Hawking'sdisease.B．Hawking'sachievements.

C．Hawking'slife.D．Hawking'sresearch.

6．WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofwhathappenedtoHawking?

a．Hawkingmaderemarksabouthumans'survivalatCedars－SinaiMedicalCenter.

b．Hawkingwasdiagnosedwithaterribledisease.

c．Hawkingfloatedlikeanastronautonanaircraft.

d．HawkingwasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom.

A．bcdaB．bacd

C．bcadD．bdca

7．Bysaying“50yearsisunusual，tosaytheleast”，thedoctormeans________．

A．50yearsisalongtime

B．Hawkinghaslivedtoolong

C．hedidn'texpectHawking'slonglife

D．hecouldn'texplainwhyHawkinglivedsolong

8．Inspiteofhisdisease，HawkingcandothefollowingthingsEXCEPT________．

A．continuetodigintohisstudies

B．controltheuniverse

C．ma