高三英语一轮复习阅读理解练习.docx

高三英语一轮复习阅读理解练习.docx

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高三英语一轮复习阅读理解练习

高考英语阅读理解练习

（1）

Humansarenaturallydrawntootherlifeformsandtheworldsoutsideofourown.Wetakedelightintheexistenceofcreaturesandevenwholesocietiesbeyondoureverydaylives.

Thissenseofwonderisuniversal.LookattheeffortsthatscientistshavemadetofindoutwhetherlifeofsomekindexistsonMars,andthepopularityoffantasyliteratureormovieslikeTheLordoftheRings.Thissenseofwonderdrawsustoeachother,totheworldaroundus,andtotheworldofmake-believe.Buthavewegonesofarincreatingworldsoffantasythatwearemissingthepleasureofotherworldsthatalreadyexistallaroundus?

Humanbeings,asbiologistshavesuggested,possessaninborndesiretoconnectwithandunderstandotherlifeforms.However,people,especiallyinbigcities,oftenleadratherisolatedlives.InastudyofBritishschoolchildren,itwasfoundthatchildrenbyageeightweremuchmorefamiliarwithcharactersfromtelevisionshowsandvideogamesthanwithcommonwildlife.Withoutmoderntechnology,asmallpondcouldbeanamazingworldfilledwithstrangeandbeautifulplants,insects,birds,andanimals.Whenwelackmeaningfulinteractionwiththeworldaroundus,andsometimesevenwithourfamiliesandfriends,weseektounderstandandcommunicatewiththingsthatexistonlyinourimaginationsoronacomputerscreen.

Theworldofmake-believeisnotnecessarilybad.Butwhentheworldoffantasybecomestheonlyoutlet（出路）foroursenseofwonder,thenwearereallymissingsomething.Wearemissingaconnectionwiththelivingworld.Otherwonderfulworldsexistallaroundus.Butevenmoreinterestingisthatifwelookcloselyenough,wecanseethattheseworlds,inabroadsense,arereallypartofourown.

1.ThepopularityofTheLordoftheRingsproves__________.

A.thecloseconnectionbetweenmanandthefantasyworld

B.thewonderfulachievementsoffantasyliterature

C.thegeneralexistenceofthesenseofcuriosity

D.thefinetasteofmoviegoersaroundtheworld

2.WhatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?

A.Peoplearefarlessfamiliarwiththeworldoffantasy.

B.Theworldarounduscouldserveasasourceofwonder.

C.Theworldoffantasycanbemirroredbyamallandlivelypond.

D.Moderntechnologypreventsusfromdevelopingoursenseofwonder.

3.Ifoursenseofwonderreliestotallyontheworldofmake-believe,wewill_________.

A.failtoappreciatethejoyinourlives

B.beconfusedbytheworldofmake-believe

C.missthechancetorecognizethefantasyworld

D.betrappedbyotherworldsexistingallaroundus

4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toshowusthehiddenbeautyinourworld.

B.Towarnusnottogetlostinthefantasyworld.

C.Toargueagainstthemisuseofthesenseofwonder.

D.Todiscusstheinfluenceoftheworldofmake-believe

（2）

CaganSekerciogluisanornithologist（鸟类学家）whoworkstodocumentandpreventbirdextinction.He’salsoaprofessorintheU.S.whorunsanaward-winningconservation（保护）groupinhisnativeTurkey.Allthosepursuitsrequireflexibility---andeachinvolvesbigrisks.

Whydoyoudowhatyoudo?

Whoinspiredyou?

I’vealwaysbeendrawntonature.Whenotherkidswereplayingsoccer,Iwasbringinghomeinsectsandotheranimals.Mymomtookmetoachildpsychologist!

Butmybeloveddadismybiggestinspiration.DuringtougheconomictimesheleftasafeaccountingjobtostartTurkey’sfirstmodel-airplanecompany.Itlasted30years.

Whatarethephysicaldangersofyourwork?

Awholerangeofdangers.WhilesurveyingbirdsI’vebeenattackedbyabrownbearinAlaskaandanelephantinTanzania.I’vebeenfacedwithapoisonoussnakeinUganda.I’vebeencaughtbetweenthemilitaryandterrorists,mistakenforaspy,heldatgunpoint,kidnappedinEthiopia,andattackedbyamaskedmaninCostaRica.Honestly,I’moftenmoreafraidofpeopleandtrafficthanIamofwildlife.

IsitpoliticallydifficulttobeanenvironmentalistinTurkey?

ItiswhenIcriticizetheinstitutionsthatgrantmyresearchpermits.Butit’smydutyasascientisttotellthetruth.Thegovernmenttalksaboutconservation,butitspriorityistoturnnatureintocash.Soitusesdoublestandards.Theyarereforestingwhilecuttingdownold-growthforests.Actuallyeveryriverisdammed,andtheorganizationbuildingthosedamsisresponsibleforregulatingthem.I’mtryingtostoponethatwilldestroytheArasRiverwetlands,wherehalfofTurkey’sbirdspecieslive.YetifIspeakouttoomuch,I’llbepunishedforaseeminglyofficial,legalreason.RevengeinTurkeyisusuallyindirect.

Youspendmanyhoursonadvocatingconservation.Doesthathurtyouracademiccareer?

Someacademicsseeitasadistraction.Sofarmyschool,theUniversityofUtah,hasbeenveryunderstandingandappreciative.ButIhavetowalkafineline.

Doyoueverfeelscaredbyalltherisksyouface?

Well,Idon’tactivelyseekrisk.ButIdon’tavoiditeither.Takingariskmeansyoucanfail.Butifyoufail,atleastyoutried.Andthat’sallIcando.IfIfailintheend,Ifailfighting.

1.Theinterviewee’sfatherinspiredhimto_________.

A.takerisksB.pursuehisowngoals

C.lovenatureD.develophisuniquecharacter

2.WhichofthefollowingexperienceshastheintervieweeNOTencountered?

A.Beingsuspectedofcollectingsecretinformation.

B.Beingchasedbywildbeasts.

C.Beingpunishedforalegalreason.

D.Beingpointedatbyagun.

3.Bysaying“Ihavetowalkafineline,”theintervieweemeansthat_________.

A.heshouldmakeabalancebetweentheTurkishgovernmentandtheUniversityofUtah

B.heshouldspendmoretimeonresearchworkthanonadvocacy.

C.heshouldcopewiththedifficultsituationwithcare.

D.heshouldnotdoanythingagainstthelaw.

（3）

Thedefinitionofthestandardkilogramisfundamentallyimperfect.Gettingthedefinitionrightisachallengethathastriedthepatienceandintelligenceofscientistsfordecades.

Scientistsusejustsevenbasicunitstodefinealltheotherquantitiesweuse---quantitiessuchasspeed,density,orelectricpower.Allofthosebasicunitsexceptthekilogramarethemselvesdefinedintermsofnaturalpropertiesthatarebeyondhumancontrol.

Forexample,thestandardsecond（time）isdefinedasaspecificnumberofvibration（震动）ofatypeofradiationreleasedbyatomsofaspecialmetal.Thestandardmeter（length）,inturn,isdefinedasthelengthofthepathlighttravelsinavacuum（真空）duringaspecificfractionofasecond（瞬间）.

Notsothekilogram.Thisorphanofthebasicunitfamilyissimplythemassofasmallplatinum-iridiumalloycylinder（铂-铱合金筒）lockedawaybytheinternationalBureauofWeighs&MeasuresinFrance.

Embarrassingly,thelasttimethecopieswerebroughtforacheckupinthe1980s,officialsfoundthatsomecopieshadgainedabout20partsperbillioninweightcomparedtothemastercylindersincethepreviouscheckupinthe1940s.Thisimpliesthatthemastercylinderitselfmaybeaninconstantstandard.

Nooneknowswhatcausestheweightchanges.Buttheuncertaintycan’tbetoleratedwhenprecision（精密度）inresearchandsomemanufacturingnowdemandsaccuracytoafewpartsperbillion.

Severaleffortsinseveraldifferentcountriesareunderwaytoredefinethekilogramintermsofbasicphysicalquantitiessuchascountingtheactualnumberofatomsofaspecificsubstanceinakilogramortheelectromagneticforcethatbalancesakilogrammassagainstgravity.

AprojectofthelattertypeattheNISTlaboratoriesinGaithersburghopeseventuallytodefinemassintermsofelectricalunits.Sofar,noneoftheseredefinitionprojectshasbornefruit.Theyrequireprecisionofmeasurementandcontrolofexperimentalconditions.Theslightestpollution,tinyvibrations,orotherinfluences---evenchangesinweather---canruinresults.You’vegottohandittoscientistswhoarewillingtodevotemanyyearstosuchpainstakingbutfundamentallyimportantresearch.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestparaphrasesthesentence“Notsothekilogram.”Inparagraph4?

A.Thekilogramisnotasaccurateasthestandardsecond.

B.Thekilogramisnotuniversallyacceptedintheworld.

C.Thekilogramisnotdefinedintermsofnaturalproperties.

D.Thekilogramisnotwelldefinedastimeandlength.

2.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeconcludedfromthepassage?

A.Experimentsarebeingcarriedouttoredefinethekilogram.

B.Theuncertaintyinthestandardkilogramcanseriouslyaffectsomeresearch.

C.Theredefinitionofthestandardkilogramisquitecomplicated.

D.Scientistswillachievesuccessinredefiningthekilograminthenearfuture.

3.Accordingtothepassage,todefinetheweightofmassintermsofelectricalunits_______.

A.isoneofthebestmethodstoredefinethekilogram

B.hasbeenacceptedastheonlypossibleredefinitionproject

C.isnotassimpleaswhatpeoplecanunderstand

D.hasbeenconsideredbysomescientistsasabetterapproach

4.Wecanknowfromthepassagethattheredefinitionofthekilogramis_________.

A.moreimportantinkeepingmarkethonesty

B.worthyearsofscientists’painstakingresearch

C.theurgentrequirementofbusinessandmanufacturing

D.bringaboutimportantandfruitfulresults

（4）

Foranyonewhothinksofthemselvesasaleader—oraneffectivemanageroftheircareer—acceptingadegreeoffearwhenfacedwithhigh-stakesdecisionsmaybenecessary.ThereseHuston,authorofanewbookaboutdecision-making,urgesthosewhosuffertoenjoyit.Tellyourselfthisisn’tanxiety,thisisexcitement,shesays.Researchshowsthatfacingtheseworkplacedifficultieswithrelish（享受）is