研究生入学考试英语二真题及解析.docx

研究生入学考试英语二真题及解析.docx

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研究生入学考试英语二真题及解析

2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语

（二）试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

HarlanCobenbelievethatifyou’reawriter,you’llfindthetime;andthatifyoucan’tfindthetime,thenwritingisn’tapriorityandyou’renotawriter.Forhim,writingisa1job—ajoblikeanyother.Hehas2itwithplumbing,pointingoutthataplumberdoesn’twakeupandsaythathecan’tworkwithpipestoday.

3,likemostwritersthesedays,you’reholdingdownajobtopaythebills,it’snot4tofindthetimetowrite.Butit’snotimpossible.Itrequiresdeterminationandsingle-mindedness.5thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhentheyweredoingotherthingstoearnaliving.Andtoday,evenwriterswhoarefairly6oftenhavetodootherworkto7theirwritingine.

AsHarlanCobenhassuggested,it’sa8ofpriorities.Tomakewritingapriority,you’llhaveto9someofyourday-to-dayactivitiesandsomethingsyoureallyenjoy.Dependingonyour10andyourlifestyle,thatmightmeanspendinglesstimewatchingtelevisionorlisteningtomusic,thoughsomepeoplecanwrite11theylistentomusic.Youmighthaveto

12theamountofexerciseorsportyoudo.You’llhavetomakesocialmediaan13activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming14.There’llprobablyhavetobelesssocialisingwithyourfriendsandlesstimewithyourfamily.It’sa15learningcurve,anditwon’talwaysmakeyoupopular.

There’sjustonethingyoushouldtrytokeepatleastsometimefor,16yourwriting—andthat’sreading.Anywriterneedstoreadasmuchandaswidelyastheycan;it’stheone17supporter—somethingyoucan’tdowithout.

Timeisfinite.Theolderyouget,the18itseemstogo.Weneedtouseitascarefullyandas19aswecan,thatmeansprioritisingoutactivitiessothatwespendmosttimeonthethingswereallywanttodo.Ifyouareawriter,thatmeans—20writing.

1.[A]difficult

2.[A]bined

[B]normal

[B]pared

[C]steady

[C]confused

[D]pleasant

[D]confronted

3.[A]If

[B]Though

[C]Once

[D]Unless

4.[A]enough

[B]strange

[C]wrong

[D]easy

5.[A]Accept

[B]Explain

[C]Remember

[D]Suppose

6.[A]well-known

[B]well-advised

[C]well-informed

[D]well-chosen

7.[A]donate

[B]generate

[C]supplement

[D]calculate

8.[A]cause

[B]purpose

[C]question

[D]condition

9.[A]highlight

[B]sacrifice

[C]continue

[D]explore

10.[A]relations

[B]interests

[C]memories

[D]skills

11.[A]until

[B]because

[C]while

[D]before

12.[A]putupwith

[B]makeupfor

[C]hangonto

[D]cutdownon

13.[A]intelligent

[B]occasional

[C]intensive

[D]emotional

14.[A]habit

[B]test

[C]decision

[D]plan

15.[A]tough

[B]gentle

[C]rapid

[D]funny

16.[A]inplaceof

[B]inchargeof

[C]inresponseto

[D]inadditionto

17.[A]indispensable

[B]innovative

[C]invisible

[D]instant

18.[A]duller

[B]harder

[C]quieter

[D]quicker

19.[A]peacefully

[B]generously

[C]productively

[D]gratefully

20.[A]atmost

[B]inturn

[C]onaverage

[D]aboveall

SectionIIReadingprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Onarecentsunnyday,13,000chickensroamoverLarryBrown’s40windsweptacresinShiner,Texas.Somerestintheshadeofaparkedcar.Othersdrinkwaterwiththecows.Thisallseemsrandom,butit’sbydesign,partofwhatthe$6.1billionU.S.eggindustrybetswillbeitsnextbigthing:

climate-friendlyeggs.

Theseeggs,whicharemakingtheirdebutnowonshelvesforasmuchas$8adozen,arestilllabeledorganicandanimal-friendly,butthey’realsofrombirdsthatliveonfarmsusingregenerativeagriculture—specialtechniquestocultivaterichsoilsthatcantrapgreenhousegases.Sucheggscouldbemarketedashelpingtofightclimatechange.

“I’mexcitedaboutourprogress,”saysBrown,whoharvestseggsforDenver-basedNestFreshEggsandisaddingmorecovercropsthatdrawwormsandcricketsforthechickenstoeat.Thebirds’wastethenfertilizesfields.Suchimprovements“allowourhenstoforageforhigher-qualitynaturalfeedthatwillbegoodfortheland,thehens,andtheeggsthatwesupplytoourcustomers.”

Theeggindustry’spushisthefirstmajortestofwhetheranimalproductsfromregenerativefarmscanbeethenextpremiumoffering.Inbarelymorethanadecade,organiceggswentfrombeingdismissedasanicheproductinnaturalfoodsstorestobeingsoldatWalmart.Morerecentlythereweresimilardoubtsaboutprobioticsandplant-basedmeats,butbothhaveexplodedintomajorsupermarketcategories.Ifthesustainable-eggrolloutissuccessful,itcouldopenthefloodgatesfor

regenerativebeef,broccoli,andbeyond.

Regenerativeproductscouldbeahardsell,becausetheconceptistoughtodefinequickly,saysJulieStanton,associateprofessorofagriculturaleconomicsatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityBrandywine.Suchfarmingalsobringsminimal,ifany,improvementtothefoodproducts（thoughsomeproducerssaytheireggshavemoreprotein）.

Theindustryisbettingthatthesameconsumerspayingmoreforpremiumattributessuchasfree-range,non-GMO,andpasture-raisedeggswillembracesustainability.Surveysshowthatyoungergenerationsaremoreconcernedaboutclimatechange,andsomeofthesuccessofplant-basedmeatcanbechalkeduptoshopperswantingtosignaltheirdesiretoprotecttheenvironment.Youngadults“reallycareabouttheplanet,”saysJohnBrunnquell,presidentofEggInnovations.“TheyareabsolutelyalteringthefoodchainbeyondwhatIthinkeventheyunderstandwhatthey’redoing.”

21.Theclimatefriendlyeggsareproduced.

[A]ataconsiderablylowcost

[B]atthedemandofregularshoppers

[C]asareplacementfororganiceggs

[D]onspeciallydesignedfarms

22.LarryBrownisexcitedabouthisprogressin.

[A]reducingthedamageofworms.

[B]acceleratingthedisposalofwaste

[C]creatingasustainablesystem

[D]attractingcustomerstohisproducts

23.TheexampleoforganiceggsisusedinParagraph4tosuggest.

[A]thedoubtsovernaturalfoods

[B]thesetbacksintheeggindustry

[C]thepotentialofregenerativeproducts

[D]thepromotionalsuccessofsupermarkets

24.Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatyoungpeople.

[A]arereluctanttochangetheirdiet

[B]arelikelytobuyclimate-friendlyeggs

[C]arecuriousaboutnewfood

[D]areamazedatagriculturaladvances

25.JohnBrunnquellwoulddisagreewithJulieStantonoverregenerativeproducts’.

[A]marketprospects

[B]nutritionalvalue

[C]standarddefinition

[D]moralimplications

Text2

MoreAmericansareoptingtoworkwellintoretirement,agrowingtrendthatthreatenstoupendtheoldworkforcemodel.

OneinthreeAmericanswhoareatleast40haveorplantohaveajobinretirementtoprepareforalongerlife,accordingtoasurveyconductedbyHarrisPollforTDAmeritrade.Evenmoresurprisingisthatmorethanhalfof“unretirees”–thosewhoplantoworkinretirementorwentbacktoworkafterretiring–saidtheywouldbeemployedintheirlateryearseveniftheyhadenoughmoneytosettledown,thesurveyshowed.

Financialneedsaren’ttheonlyculpritforthe“unretirement”trend.Otherreasons,accordingtothestudy,includepersonalfulfillmentsuchasstayingmentallyfit,preventingboredomoravoidingdepression.About72%of“unretiree”respondentssaidthattheywouldreturntoworkonceretiredtokeepmentallyfitwhile59%saiditwouldbetiedtomakingendsmeet.

“Theconceptofretirementisevolving,”saidChristineRussell,seniormanagerofretirementatTDAmeritrade.“It’snotjustaboutfinances.Thevalueofworkisalsodrivingfolkstocontinueworkingpastretirement.”

Onereasonforthechangeinretirementpatterns:

Americansarelivinglonger.Theshareofthepopulation65andolderwas16%in2018,up3.2%fromtheprioryear,accordingtotheU.S.CensusBureau.That’salsoup30.2%since2010.OlderAmericansarealsothefastest-growingsegmentoftheU.S.workforce,andboomersareexpectedtolivelongerthanpreviousgenerations.Thepercentageofretirement-agepeopleinthelaborforcehasdoubledoverthepastthreedecades.About20%ofpeople65andolderwereintheworkforceinFebruary,upfromanall-timelowof10%inJanuary1985,accordingtomoneymanagerUnitedIne.

Becauseoflongerlifespans,Americansarealsoboostingtheirsavingstopreservetheirnesteggs,theTDAmeritradestudyshowed,whichsurveyed2,000adultsbetween40to79.Sixin10“unretirees”areincreasingtheirsavingsinanticipationofalongerlife,accordingtothesurvey.Amongthemostpopularwaystheyaredoingthis,thepanysaid,isbyreducingtheiroverallexpenses,securinglifeinsuranceormaximizingtheircontributionstoretirementaccounts.

Unfortunately,manypeoplewhoareoptingtoworkinretirementarepreparingtodosobecausetheyareworriedaboutmakingendsmeetintheirlateryears,saidBrentWeiss,aco-founderatBaltimore-basedfinancial-planningfirmFacetWealth.Hesuggestedthatpreretireesshouldspeakwithafinancialadvisertosetlong-termfinancialgoals.

“Themostchallengingmomentsinlifearegettingmarried,startingafamilyandultimatelyretiring,”Weisssaid.“It’snotjustafinancialdecision,butanemotionalone.Manypeoplebelieve

theycan’tretire.”

26.ThesurveyconductedbyHarrisPollindicatesthat.

[A]overhalfoftheretireesarephysicallyfitforwork

[B