新概念3第一课笔记.docx

新概念3第一课笔记.docx

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新概念3第一课笔记

新概念3第一课笔记

发表时间：

2008-11-20  编辑：

张宇  来源：

  网络

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§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆puma  n.美洲狮◆spot  ...

§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆puma  n.美洲狮

◆spot  v.看出，发现

◆evidence  n.证据

◆accumulate  v.积累，积聚

◆oblige  v.使…感到必须

◆hunt  n.追猎；寻找

◆blackberry  n.黑莓

◆humanbeing  人类

◆corner  v.使走投无路，使陷入困境

◆trail  n.一串，一系列

◆print  n.印痕

◆cling（clung,clung）  v.粘

◆convince  v.使…信服

◆somehow  adv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因

◆disturb  v.令人不安

学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用

学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章里

★ spot v.看出，发现

tonoticesomeoneorsomething,especiallywhentheyaredifficulttoseeorrecognize

e.g:

Ispottedapolicecarbehindus.

Itcanbehardforevenatraineddoctortospotthesymptomsoflungcancer.

Ispottedsomeonecomingoutofthebuilding.

pickout/see/recognize/catchsightof

eg:

Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.

Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。

spot（做动词时候）=see:

强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。

同意词比较：

find强调发现的结果。

findout查出事实真相。

discover做出重大发现

notice注意到

observe观察

watch观察活动中的人或画面

spot n.斑点

eg:

Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.

onthespot

1,立刻，马上（atonce,immediately）

Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.

2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场

Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.

★evidence[u]n.证据不可数名词

Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.

evidence=proof（n.证据）

inevidence:

显而易见的.

Hewasinevidenceattheparty.

evidentadj./evidentlyadv.

★ accumulatevt,vi.积累，积聚

accumulate 强调积累的过程

Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.

gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处

wegatheredundertowerclock.

Theteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclass.

collect收集，采集

Doyoucollectstamps?

Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.

assemble 集合，集会，vt.装配

Alargenumberofpeopleassembleonthesquare.

hoard 大量地贮存hoardup=storeup

Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.（squirreln.松鼠 nutn.坚果）

amass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）

Thecloudsamassedabovethehills.

★oblige v.使…感到必须makesbfeelitisnecessarytodosth

feelobligedtodosth.=feelthatyouhaveadutytodosomething感觉有必要做某事

Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand（n.要求）.

Ifeltobligedtoinvitehim.

beobligedtodosth被迫做某事

Theywereobligeddoselltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.（debtn.债务,罪过）

Circumstanceshadobligedhimtosellthebusiness.

★ hunt vt.n.追猎；寻找

TheexpertsformLondonzoobagantohunt（vt.）forapuma.

Thehunt（n.）forthepumaprovedthedifficulte.

search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物,与hunt意义极其接近

Theploiceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.Andthesearchforthatboyprovedthedifficulte.

runafter强调追赶、追求.

Look,adogisrunningafteracat.

Whatareyourunningafterinyourlife?

seek 追寻（梦想，理想=pursue）多用于书面

chase追赶.Theyarechasingathief./Theyarerunningafterathief.

★corner v.使走投无路，使陷入困境

cornern.角落

 atthecornerofthestreet

 inthecorneroftheroom

 onthecornerofthedesk

becornered………被逼得走投无路

常用于被动语态：

Thethiefwascorneredatlast.

Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难倒了。

★trailn.一串，一系列atrailofblood一串串血痕

trail==follow vt.跟踪

eg:

Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.（criminaln.罪犯,犯罪者）

★cling（clung,clung,clinging）v.粘

eg:

Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.

Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.（抱有，怀有[梦想、希望]）

stickv.粘住sticktheenvelop（envelopn.信封）

stickto坚持sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromise.

stickyadj.粘的stickyfingers

★convincevt.使…信服

-convincesb.ofsth  使某人相信某事

Iconvincedhimofmyhonesty.

-和宾语从句that搭配使用

没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：

beconvinced

Theexpertsfromthezoowereconvincedthattheanimalwasthepuma.

sbbeconvinced sb相信

Iamconvincedthatsheisahonestgirl.

★somehow adv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因

bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown

I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何

Igetlostsomehow.不知怎么搞地

somewhatadv.（==alittle）稍微,有点,有些

ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpected.

★ disturb v.令人不安

Youdisturbme.

  disturbingadj.  令人不安的 disturbed 感到不安的

 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊的

 exciting 令人激动的 excited  感到激动的

【Text】

§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮

listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音,然后回答以下问题.

Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.

Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?

Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.

【课文讲解】

atlarge

1：

逃遁的，没有被控制的。

ifadangerouspersonoranimalisatlarge,theyhaveescapedfromsomewhereorhavenotbeencaught

e.g:

Thethiefisstillatlarge.

2：

详细的（indetail）

Ineedtalktoyouatlarge.

3：

总体来讲（=asawhole）

ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.

在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果。

写议论文的时候要注意把握观点

E.g.:

Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.

cat-likeadj.象猫的,偷偷摸摸的

dog-likeadj.象狗的,顽强的,忠实的

life-like栩栩如生的

WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前

<1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。

定语从句的引导词：

   指人：

主语who宾语who/whom定语whose

   表达事物：

that（也可指人）/which

   时间状语：

when地点状语：

where原因状语：

why

<2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

同位语从句的引导词：

名词做主语、宾语时，关系词用that而不是which

时间when地点where

定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句

eg:

Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.

Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.

（Anidea）…cometosb.某人突然想到了……

theywerenottakenseriously.（they指代reports）

takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously 认真（严肃）对待某事

e.g:

Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.

takesth.lightly:

  草率对待某事

e.g:

Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly.（hotpotaton.困境,烤马铃薯，棘手的问题）

However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.

Howeveradv.然而（起转折作用） as连词，随着，当….之时

过去分词做定语

?

 thedescriptionsgivenbypeople

?

 thestorytoldbysailor.（sailorn.海员,水手）

?

 abookwrittenbyLuxun

claimtohavedonesth声称曾经作过某事 

Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.

Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.

yardn.码，院子

whereawomanpicking定语从句

--IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.

Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.

confirm:

besure,becertain：

vt.确定

unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered（unlessconj.如果不,除非）

Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.

Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.

search=hunt

Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.

把某物留在后面：

leavebehind

Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处，都留下道道血迹。

（woundn.创伤,伤口vt.伤,伤寒v.击伤）

Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.

英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者

pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.（被动）

->Wefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.（主动）

clingingtobushes-现在分词作宾补

Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.

complainof/about:

抱怨

on+名词：

强调动作正在进行

ontherise:

在上升/ontheincrease:

在增加

onthewatch:

在观看/onthematch:

在比赛中

onthefishingtrip:

在钓鱼的途中/onholiday:

在度假

Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?

fully:

completely,entirely adv.充分地,完全地,足足,至少

Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.

Sthbeinthepossessionofsb==sthbeinsbspossession某物归某人所有（主语是物）

eg:

Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.=Thebeautifulcarisiinthepossessionofme

sbbeinpossessionofsth.   某人拥有某物

Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.（inpossessionof作表语）

Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.（inpossessionof作定语）

takepossessionof 拥有

Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.

Wenton=last持续,继续前进

Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstill