孕期过多补充维生素D导致宝宝食物过敏.docx
《孕期过多补充维生素D导致宝宝食物过敏.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《孕期过多补充维生素D导致宝宝食物过敏.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
孕期过多补充维生素D导致宝宝食物过敏
怀孕期间为保证胎儿的身体健康，孕妈妈们会补充各种营养，但也不宜补充过度。
最近一项研究表明，孕期补充过多维生素D可能会增加新生儿食物过敏的几率。
由德国马丁路德大学以及Helmholtz环境研究中心进行的一项最新调查表明，孕妇应该尽可能少服用维生素D营养品，因为这可能会增加新生儿食物过敏的几率。
维生素D对人体健康有着重大作用，它可以强化骨骼，预防冬季感染，辅助神经肌肉系统，尤其是对预防和治疗儿童佝偻病更是效果明显。
但是，最近的科学调查对这种“骨骼维生素”产生了众多质疑。
早在上世纪90年代末，人们就开始注意到了体内维生素D含量过高与过敏有密切联系。
为了弄清这个问题，莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心的KristinWeiße博士与哈雷-维滕贝格马丁路德大学农业与营养科学研究所教授GabrieleStangl的研究团队共同进行了研究，他们希望证实孕妇血液中的维生素D浓度与胎儿脐带血中的维生素D浓度存在相关性。
莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心的研究人员还希望进一步对怀孕以及分娩时期维生素D含量的关系，以及免疫状况与儿童之后的过敏性疾病的关系做研究。
所有的这些，都是希望证实孕妇体内维生素D的水平是否会导致孩子过敏。
KristinWeiße博士的团队进行试验的样本来自于LiNA群体队列，这是一个由莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心与St.Georg市政诊所共同收集的2006-2008年的队列数据。
“生活方式以及环境因素对新生儿过敏风险的影响”的长期研究中，总计使用了622位母亲以及她们的629个孩子的数据。
研究人员对孕妇血液维生素D的含量以及婴儿脐带血维生素D的含量都进行了测量，此外，研究人员还对这些孩子2岁之内发生的食物过敏情况进行了调查评估。
结果显示，那些血液中维生素D含量较低的孕妇，她们的孩子在2岁内发生食物过敏的情况明显要少很多。
反过来，这也说明孕妇血液中维生素D含量过高与孩子食物过敏发生率的升高有关联。
而且，研究人员同时发现由于容易对蛋白、牛奶、面粉、花生以及黄豆等食物过敏，那些孩子体内免疫球蛋白E的含量也会升高。
此外，莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心科学家还发现了维生素D与食物过敏之间的机理。
来自莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心环境免疫部门的GundaHerberth博士还深入观察了儿童的过敏反应，并分析了脐带血中的调节性T细胞。
这种细胞可以防止过敏反应的发生。
莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心的研究人员从之前的分析中得知，那些脐带血中调节性T细胞不足的孩子更容易出现过敏。
有趣的是，血液中维生素D含量越高，体内调节性T细胞越少，这种关系意味着维生素D会抑制调节性T细胞的生成，最终导致过敏的出现。
除了饮食以外，体内维生素D含量还会受到其它因素的影响，例如季节、日照时间等。
这些因素也应该被纳入到维生素D与食物过敏的风险分析中。
莱比锡Helmholtz环境研究中心的研究人员建议孕妇尽量少服用维生素D营养品，他们说：
“基于我们的研究，体内维生素D含量过高确实会增加孩子在2岁前发生过敏情况的几率。
”
Fishintakeduringpregnancyandtheriskofchildasthmaandallergicrhinitis–longitudinalevidencefromtheDanishNationalBirthCohort
EkaterinaMaslova,MarinStrøm,EmilyOken,HanniaCampos,ChristophLange,DianeGoldandSjurdurF.Olsen
BritishJournalofNutrition,2013,1
BritishJournalofNutrition/FirstViewArticlepp1-13
Copyright©TheAuthors2013
DOI:
http:
//dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0*******1300038X（AboutDOI）,Publishedonline:
08March2013
Abstract
Maternalfishintakeduringpregnancymayinfluencetheriskofchildasthmaandallergicrhinitis,yetevidenceisconflictingonitsassociationwiththeseoutcomes.Weexaminedtheassociationsofmaternalfishintakeduringpregnancywithchildasthmaandallergicrhinitis.MothersintheDanishNationalBirthCohort（n28936）reportedtheirfishintakeat12and30weeksofgestation.Usingmultivariatelogisticregression,weexaminedtheassociationsoffishintakewithchildwheeze,asthmaandrhinitisassessedatseveraltimepoints:
everwheeze,recurrentwheeze（>3episodes）,everasthmaandallergicrhinitis,andcurrentasthma,assessedat18months（napproximately22000）and7years（napproximately17000）usingself-reportandregistrydataonhospitalisationsandprescribedmedications.Comparedwithconsistentlyhighfishintakeduringpregnancy（fishasasandwichorhotmeal≥2–3times/week）,nevereatingfishwasassociatedwithahigherriskofchildasthmadiagnosisat18months（OR1·30,95%CI1·05,1·63,P=0·02）,andeverasthmabyhospitalisation（OR1·46,95%CI0·99,2·13,P=0·05）andmedicationprescription（OR1·37,95%CI1·10,1·71,P=0·01）.Adose–responsewaspresentforasthmaat18monthsonly（Pfortrend=0·001）.Wefoundnoassociationswithwheezeorrecurrentwheezeat18monthsorwithallergicrhinitis.Theresultssuggestthathigh（v.no）maternalfishintakeduringpregnancyisprotectiveagainstbothearlyandeverasthmain7-year-oldchildren.
母亲孕期
（ReceivedJuly252012）
（RevisedJanuary152013）
（AcceptedJanuary212013）
Maternalfishconsumptionduringpregnancyandrisksofwheezingandeczemainchildhood:
TheGenerationRStudy
ETMLeermakers,AMMSonnenschein-vanderVoort,DHMHeppe,JCdeJongste,HAMoll,OHFranco,AHofman,VWVJaddoeandLDuijts
EuropeanJournalofClinicalNutrition67,353-359（April2013）|doi:
10.1038/ejcn.2013.36
Background/Objectives:
Maternalfishconsumptionduringpregnancymightinfluencethefetalimmunesystemthroughanti-inflammatoryeffectsofomega-3fattyacids,andmightaffecttherisksofchildhoodasthmaandatopy.InGenerationR,aprospectivecohortstudyintheNetherlands,weexaminedtheassociationsoffirsttrimesterfishconsumptionwithchildhoodwheezingandeczemainthefirst4yearsoflife.
Methods:
Intotal,2976motherscompleteda293-itemsemiquantitativefoodfrequencyquestionnairecoveringdietaryintakeinthefirsttrimester.Theoccurrenceofwheezingandeczemawasyearlyassessedbyquestionnaires.
Results:
Medianweeklyfishconsumptionwas83（95%range0–316）gramsperweek.Weobservednoconsistentassociationsofmaternaltotal-,lean-orfatty-fishconsumptionduringpregnancywiththerisksofchildhoodwheezing.Maternalshellfishconsumptionof1–13 gperweekwasassociatedwithoverallincreasedrisksofchildhoodwheezingandeczema（OR1.20（1.04,1.40）andOR1.18（1.01,1.37）,respectively）.Maternalfattyfishconsumptionof35–69 gperweekwasassociatedwithincreasedoverallrisksofchildhoodeczema（OR1.17（1.00,1.38））,butmaternaltotal-orlean-fishconsumptionwasnot.
Conclusions:
Duringpregnancy,shellfishconsumptionwasassociatedwithincreasedrisksofwheezingandeczema,whilefattyfishconsumptionwasassociatedwithahigherriskofeczemaonly.Maternaltotalfishorleanfishconsumptionwerenotassociatedwithwheezingoreczema.Furtherstudiesareneededtoreplicatethesefindingsandtoexploreunderlyingmechanisms.
Mediterraneandietadherenceduringpregnancyandriskofwheezeandeczemainthefirstyearoflife:
INMA（Spain）andRHEA（Greece）mother–childcohortstudies
LedaChatzi,RaquelGarcia,TheanoRoumeliotaki,MikelBasterrechea,HaizeaBegiristain,CarmenIñiguez,JesusVioque,ManolisKogevinasandJordiSunyeronbehalfoftheINMAandRHEAstudygroups
BritishJournalofNutrition/FirstViewArticlepp1-11BritishJournalofNutrition,2013,1
Copyright©TheAuthors2013
DOI:
http:
//dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0*******13001426（AboutDOI）,Publishedonline:
17May2013
Abstract
Maternaldietduringpregnancymightinfluencethedevelopmentofchildhoodallergicdisorders.TheaimofthepresentstudywastoevaluatetheimpactofMediterraneandiet（MD）adherenceduringpregnancyonwheezeandeczemainthefirstyearoflifeintwopopulation-basedmother–childcohortsinSpainandGreece.Westudied1771mother–newbornpairsfromtheSpanishmulti-centre‘INMA’（INfanciayMedioAmbiente）study（Gipuzkoa,SabadellandValencia）and745pairsfromthe‘RHEA’studyinCrete,Greece.ThesymptomsofwheezeandeczemawerebasedonthecriteriaoftheInternationalStudyofAsthmaandAllergiesinChildhood.MaternaldietduringpregnancywasassessedbyFFQandMDadherencewasevaluatedthroughanaprioriscore.Multivariatelog-binomialregressionmodelswereusedtoadjustforseveralconfoundersineachcohortandsummaryestimateswereobtainedbyameta-analysis.MDadherencewasnotassociatedwiththeriskofwheezeandeczemainanycohort,andsimilarresultswereidentifiedinthemeta-analysisapproach.Highmeatintake（relativerisk（RR）1·22,95%CI1·00,1·49）and‘processed’meatintake（RR1·18,95%CI1·02,1·37）duringpregnancywereassociatedwithanincreasedriskofwheezeinthefirstyearoflife,whileahighintakeofdairyproductswassignificantlyassociatedwithadecreasedriskofinfantilewheeze（RR0·83,95%CI0·72,0·96）.Theresultsofthepresentstudyshowthathighmeatintakeduringpregnancymayincreasetheriskofwheezeinthefirstyearoflife,whileahighintakeofdairyproductsmaydecreaseit.
Maternalintakeoffattyacidsduringpregnancyandallergiesintheoffspring
BrightI.Nwaru,MaijaliisaErkkola,MirkaLumia,CarinaKronberg-Kippilä,SuviAhonen,MinnaKaila,JormaIlonen,OlliSimell,MikaelKnip,RiittaVeijolaandSuviM.Virtanen
BritishJournalofNutrition
BritishJournalofNutrition/Volume108/Issue04/August2012,pp720-732
Copyright©TheAuthors2011
DOI:
http:
//dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0*******11005940（AboutDOI）,Publishedonline:
09November2011
Abstract
Fattyacids（FA）areknowntohaveanumberofimmunologicaleffectsand,accordingly,mayplayaroleinthedevelopmentofallergicdiseases.WeinvestigatedtheeffectofmaternalintakeofFAduringpregnancyontheriskofallergicrhinitis,wheezeandatopiceczemainchildrenaged5years.ThepresentstudyanalyseddatafromtheFinnishType1DiabetesPredictionandPreventionNutritionStudy,apopulation-basedbirthcohortstudywitha5-yearfollow-up.Completeinformationonmaternaldiet（assessedbyavalidatedFFQ）andInternationalStudyofAsthmaandAllergiesinChildhood-basedallergicoutcomeswasavailablefor2441children.Coxproportionalregressionandlogisticregressionwereusedfortheanalyses.Afteradjustingforpotentialconfoundingvariables,highmaternalconsumptionofbutterandbutterspreads（hazardratio（HR）1·33;95%CI1·03,1·71）andhigherratioofn-6:
n-3FA（HR1·37;95%CI1·07,1·77）duringpregnancywereassociatedwithanincreasedriskofallergicrhinitisintheoffspringby5yearsofage.HighmaternalintakesoftotalPUFA（HR0·71;95%CI0·52,0·96）andα-linolenicFA（HR0·73;95%CI0·54,0·98）wereassociatedwithadecreasedriskofallergicrhinitis.However,theseresultslosttheirsignificanceafteradjustmentformultiplecomparisons.Overall,ourdatasuggestthatmaternalconsumptionofbutter,theratioofn-6:
n-3FAandintakeofPUFAandα-linolenicFAduringpregnancymaybepotentialdeterminantsofallergicrhinitisintheoffspring.
FishandfatintakeandprevalenceofallergicrhinitisinJapanesefemales:
theOsakaMaternalandChildHealthStudy
MiyakeY,SasakiS,TanakaK,OhyaY,MiyamotoS,MatsunagaI,YoshidaT,HirotaY,OdaH
JAmCollNutr.2007Jun;26（3）:
279-87.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Itremainsuncertainwhetherintakeoffishorn-3polyunsaturated
升级会员 