非谓语doing练习.docx

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非谓语doing练习.docx

非谓语doing练习

高一非谓语动词语法知识及练习

在英语语法里,动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词之分。

谓语动词,即在句子中充当谓语的动词,谓语动词根据时态和语态而变化,即要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。

非谓语动词,即不能充当谓语的动词,但在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

非谓语形式也根据时态和语态而变化。

非谓语动词:

不定式(todo);动词-ing形式(doing);过去分词(done)

动词-ing形式的功能和用法:

可以充当___________________________________。

动词-ing形式:

主动

被动

一般式

完成式

一、动词-ing形式作主语

1.动词-ing形式作主语,表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为,谓语动词用单数。

如:

____________(read)aloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.

__________(go)tobedearlyand_________(get)upearlyisconsideredtobeagoodhabit.

2.在一些句子中,常用it作形式主语放在句首,而把真正的主语放到句末。

如:

Itisnouse____________(cry)overspiltmilk.

常见句式:

It+be+fun/abore/awasteoftime/agreatpleasure+doingsth.

It+be+useless/worthwhile/nice/good/interesting/expensive+doingsth.

It+benogood/nouse/nofun+doingsth.

二、动词-ing形式作宾语

1.下列动词只能用动词-ing形式作宾语。

考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。

避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏。

禁止想象才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。

consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon

admit,delay/putoff,fancy

avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice

deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate

forbid,imagine,risk

can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape

Mymotheradvised____________(ask)adoctortocomeandexaminemyeyes.

We’reconsidering____________(pay)avisittotheScienceMuseum.

2.下列结构之后也用动词-ing形式作宾语。

beusedto

leadto

devoteto

objectto

getdownto

payattentionto

can’tstand

giveup

feellike

insiston

putoff

beinterestedin

befondof

begoodat

spend…indoing

lookforwardto

succeedin

bebusyin

contribute…to

thankyoufor

apologizefor

forgive…for

haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)

prevent/keep/stop…from…

havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing

Myfatherisusedto_________(go)tobedlateand_________(get)upveryearly.

I’mlookingforwardto____________(receive)yourreply.

3.有些动词如:

start,begin,continue等既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接不定式作宾语,两者意义区别不大。

4.在love,like,hate,prefer等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作,用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。

5.下列动词后接动词-ing形式或不定式都可以,但意思不同。

forgetrememberstoptry

meanregretcan’thelpgoon

Iremember____________(meet)heratapartyonce.

Iwanttotry____________(play)soccerthisspring.

6.①下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。

need/want/require/deservedoing=need/want/require/deservetobedone

e.g.Thebikeneeds____________(repair).

②在beworth结构中后面只能用动词-ing形式的主动语态来表示被动意义。

e.g.Hissuggestionisworth____________(consider).

三、动词-ing形式作定语

1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面,既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能,也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。

如:

buildingmaterials=materials______building建筑材料

awalkingstick=astick______walking手杖

tiringmusic=music_______istiring烦人的音乐

asurprisingresult=aresult________issurprising一个惊人的结果

2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。

如:

Theylivedinaroom__________(face)thestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.

Theman____________(stand)thereisPeter’sfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.

四、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语

1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。

如:

Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastranger____________(stand)attheentrance.

2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:

1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词,常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。

如:

Wesawalight____________(burn)inthewindow.

Ifeltsomebody____________(pat)meontheshoulder.

2)表示指使意义的动词,常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。

如:

Ican’tgettheclock____________(go)again.

I’msorrytohavekeptyou____________(wait).

3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别:

前者表示动作正在进行,而后者表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。

如:

Wepassedbytheclassroomandsawtheteacher____________(make)theexperiment.

Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteacher____________(make)theexperiment.

五、动词-ing形式作表语

动词-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后,用来泛指某种动作或行为,以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。

Herhobbyis________________.她的业余爱好是画画。

Myjobis___________thechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。

Thenewsisquite_____________.这消息很令人震惊。

六、动词-ing形式作状语

动词-ing形式作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式、让步或伴随情况等,其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致,动词-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

说出下列各句中动词-ing形式表示什么状语。

1)Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.______

2)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.______

3)Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.______

4)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.______

5)(When)Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened._______________

6)Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.______

★动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作______。

____________(finish)hishomework,Davidwenttobed.

____________(live)therefortenyears,Iknewtheplaceverywell.

★动词-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加______。

____________(notsee)Susan,Iaskedwhereshewas.

____________(nothave)doneitright,hetriedagain.

★Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.

 (分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。

e.g.I____________(wait)forthebus,abirdfellonmyhead.

Allthetickets________________(sell)out,theywentawaydisappointedly.

It____________(be)Sunday,therearenostudentsintheschool.

★有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语,它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰整个句子,表明说话者的态度、观点等。

例如:

Generallyspeaking一般来说;judgingby/from…从……判断;considering/taking…intoconsideration/account考虑到

e.g.____________(judge)from/byhisaccent,hecomesfromthesouth.

非谓语动词巩固练习题

解题思路

①解析句子结构,确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);

②找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);

③搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式;

I用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Thegreathallwascrowdedwithmanypeople,_________(include)manychildren__________(seat)ontheirparents’laps.

2.It’ssaidthattheOlympicGames__________(hold)inLondonin2012coveredmoreeventsthananyotherOlympicshaddone.

3.There__________(be)norainforalongtime,mostofthecropsinthisareadiedfromlackingwater.

4.Yesterdayastreet-beggarboughtalotteryticketpurposelessly,_________(make)himamillionaireovernight.

5.InthefaceofthebigfireinOctoberinCalifornia,manypeopleinthefire-strickenareasmovedout toescape__________(burn).

6.Takingthismedicine,if________(continue),willofcoursedogoodtohishealth.

7.Thelittleboystillneedsthe__________(remain)20dollarstodo withsomethingsremaining__________(settle).

8.__________(consider)hisage,thelittleboyreadsquitewell.

9.__________(judge)fromtheappearance,itisverypeaceful,butinfact,awarwillbreakoutsoon.

10.Nobodyenjoys___________(criticize)inthepresenceofothers.

11.TheSpaceShuttleColumbiabrokeintopiecesoverTexasasitreturnedtotheearthonFebruary1,2003,___________(kill)allsevenastronautsaboard.

12Don’tsitthere_________(do)nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.

13.Iwasafraid__________(talk)backtomycustomersbecauseIwasafraidof__________(lose)them.

14.Ican’tgetmycar__________(run)oncoldmornings,soIhavetotryfillingtheradiatorwithsomehotwater.

15.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowls________(fly)inalldirectionsbeforehewassenttosleepbyhiswife.

16.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_______(burn)onbutthedoor________(shut).

17.Wefoundthestudentsseatedattablesandhadtheireyes_________(fix)onthesceneofthelaunchofShenzhouVspaceship.

18.Adoctorcanexpect___________(call)atanyhourofthedayornight.

19.Thepolicemancameuptothelonelyhousewiththedooropen,________(stand)thereforawhileandthenenteredit.

20.Mr.Smithwasmuchsurprisedtofindthewatchhehadhad_________(repair)wasnowheretobeseen.

II单句改错

1. Alotofmoneyhasbeenspenttobuythebook.

2. Youwillhavetopaythecostofsendapostcard.

3. Whathedidwaspuzzled.

4. Iwillspendaweekreadingandpreparefortheexamination.

5. CharlesandLindadoallofthesethingsaswellasclimbedbuildings.

6. YesterdayIhadmybadtoothpullingout.

7. Iheardhersingingasongwhichmovedmetotears.

8. Imadeaterriblemistake.Iregrettednottotakeyouradvice.

9. Whenwereachedthetopofthemountain,westoppedhavingarestbeforewewentdownthemountain.

10. There’llbeagoodfilmtonight,rememberseeingitontime!

11. Thegamewasover,shewenthome.

12. Whenspeaking,youmustmakeyourselfhear.

13. ShepretendednotseeingmewhenIcamein.

14. AbrahamLincolnwasconsideredbeingoneofthegreatestofallAmericanpresidents.

15. Followingbytheofficers,thegeneralinspectedthearmy.

16. Thereissomethingwrongwithmycomputer,anditneedsrepaired.

17. Don’tburnthefallingleavesontheground.

18. Losinginthought,healmostranintoacarinfrontofhim.

19. Ienjoytolistentotheclassicmusic.

20. Judgebywhathewears,heisafarmer.

 

答案

主语,宾语,表语,宾语补足语,定语,状语

doingbeingdone

havingdonehavingbeendone

ReadingGoinggettingcryingaskingpayinggoinggettingreceiving

Meetingplayingrepairing/toberepairedconsideringforforthat/which

that/whichfacingstandingstandingburningpattinggoingwaiting

makingmakepaintinglookingaftershocking条件伴随原因方式

时间,可以在分词前保留when结果之前HavingfinishedHavinglivednot

NotseeingNothavingwaitinghavingbeensoldbeingJudging

1.including;seated2.held  3.being.

4.making 5.beingburned6.continued7.remaining;tobesettled

8.Considering 9.Judging 10.beingcriticized11.killing

12doing13.totalk;losing14.running15.flying;

16.burning;shut 17.fixed18.tobecalled19stood

20.repaired

【答案与解析】

  1. tobuy改为buying。

  2. send改为sending。

介词of后要求用动名词作宾语。

  3. puzzled改为puzzling。

puzzling表示“令人疑惑不解的”意思。

  4. prepare改为preparing。

preparing和前面的reading是并列结构。

  5. climbed改为climbing。

aswellas是介词短语,后面接动名词或名词。

  6. pulling改为pulled。

havethetoothpulledout表示“请人拔牙”的意思。

  7. singing改为sing。

从后面可以看出来,“我”

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