Scientific Breeding.docx

Scientific Breeding.docx

《Scientific Breeding.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Scientific Breeding.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

ScientificBreeding

3.ScientificBreeding

3.1DOCHealth

DOCqualityandbroilerproductionperformance

DOCqualityisoneofthefourelementsimpactingbroilerproductionperformance（otherthreeelementsarefeedquality,diseasecontrolandbreedingmanagement）.WhileDOCqualityisdeterminedbybreederhealth,hatcherymanagementandDOCtransportationmanagement.

3.1.1DOCQuality

IfDOCqualityisverygood,providedappropriatefeednutrientandgoodbroodingmanagement,broilermortalityinthefirst7daysshouldbelessthan0.7%,andtheflockwillreachtargetweightwithgooduniformity.

DOCqualityisverifiedthroughbelowaspects:

Innerquality（test）:

Pathogen:

noND,AInorsalmonella;lessthan3%ofmycoplasmatobetestedout.

Antibody:

antibodyleveliseven,mainlytheantibodylevelofND,AI&IBD.

Externalquality（appearance）:

∙Clean&tidyfeather,uniformsize,vivacious,standingandwalkingstably;vigorouslystrugglingwhencaughtbyhand;alert,livelywithshiningeyes;nodeformity;yolkfullyabsolvedandnavelwellhealed;chirpclearandloud;glossaryskinonfeetanddreadfeet;bodyweightover35grams.

3.1.2PlacementSchedule

BroilerplacementschedulemustensureDOCsforthesamehouseorsamefarmcomefrombreederflocksofsameweekageandsamevaccinationstatus,bestfromthesameflock.Ifitisnotpossible,DOCsfromflocksofsameweekageshallbeselected.

Only1houseofthefarmisallowedtobeplacedwithDOCsfrombreederflocksofdifferentweekagesanddifferentvaccinationstatus.

3.1.3HatcheryandDOCTransportationControl

VaccinateDOCswithrightvaccinesinproperwayataccuratedosage.

Aftersexingandvaccination,DOCsshallbeplacedindarkandwellcontrolledenvironmenttolettheDOCscalmdownbeforedelivery.

DOCsshallbeloadedandtransportedbyfacilitieswithgoodenvironmentcontrol.

DOCtransportationtimeshallbeprescheduledsoastoplaceDOCsintobroodingareaassoonaspossible.

Afterbeinghatched,DOCsshallbesuppliedwithfeedandwaterasearlyaspossible.

Table1:

BestconditionforDOCstorageandtransportation（orasofbroodingcondition）

DOCStorage

EnvironmentTemp.：

22-24℃*

Min.RH：

50%

AirExchange：

0.71m3/min/1000birds

DOCTransportation

EnvironmentTemp：

22-24℃

Min.RH：

50%（longdistance）

AirExchange：

0.71m3/min/1000birds

Notes:

Undersuchstorageandtransportationcondition,temperatureamongchicksshallbecontrolledbetween30-35℃andrelativehumiditybetween70-80%.

Thistemperatureismuchmoreimportantthantheenvironmenttemperaturesetbeforetransportation,becauseenvironmenttemperaturesettingmayvarypertruck.

TemperatureshouldbeadjustedaccordingtoactualDOCbodytemperature.Normalrectaltemperatureofchicksisbetween39-40℃.

3.1.4DOCQualityControl

AppearanceCheck:

chickspirit,leg,eyes,toes,navel,hock,anus（dungstatus）,whetherdehydration,etc.

DOCWeightCheck:

checkbodyweightofplannedquantityofchicksperfarmperflockbyelectronicscaleandkeeprecords.

MicrobiologicalTest:

onceperweek,10chicksatleastperfarmtorunmicrobiologicaltest.Takechicklung,yolkandcecumcontenttodostreakcultivationonagarplatetotestwhetherchicksinfectedwithbacteriaasaspergillus,salmonella,staphylococcus,bacilluscoliandsoon.InformhatcheryplantandQAdepartmentofthecultivationresult.

SerologicalAntibodyTest:

onceperfarm,nolessthan20bloodsamplespertimeperfarm.RegulartestsshouldincludethematernalantibodyofNDandIBD.Whensuspiciousofotherdiseases,mayrunrelevanttests.

Normally,takesamplesfrombroilers5-7daysbeforeslaughteringtotestantibodylevel（suchasND,IBD,IB,etc.）.Nolessthan20birdsperflock.

Incaseofabnormality,runtestsaccordingtopreliminarydiagnosisandrecommendationfromVets.

RunmaternalantibodytestondayoldchicksandrunND,AIandIBDtestonbirdsof20daysofage,30daysofageand7daysbeforeslaughtering.

Accordingtothespecificationdescribedin3.4.3and3.4.2regardingantibodyleveltest,usethetestresulttoprovideguidancetovaccination,diseaseinfectionwarning,vaccinationeffectevaluationandassessmentofDOCsupplierswhethermeettheagreedmaternalantibodylevel.

3.3BreedingManagement

Goodfarmlayouthelpswithbiosecuritycontrolandproductionmanagementinlatersate.Premierfullyclosedhouseswithhighautomation,plusscientificbreedingandfeedingprogram,isoneofthekeystoachievesuccessinscalebreeding.Howtoprovidebroilerswithidealenvironmentthroughscientificventilationsetupisthecoreofhousedesign.

3.3.2BroodingManagement（1stweek）

Preparationbeforeplacement

Ifthefarmcapacityislessorequaltodailykillvolume,itisbettertoplacethefarminsameday（inotherwords,all-in-all-out）.Iftherearebirdsofdifferentagesatthesamefarm,itisratherdifficulttorunvaccinationprogramanddowashinganddisinfection.Effectwouldbeprettypoor,andthuswillleadtopoorperformanceasaresultofhealthissue.Ifthefarmcapacityexceedsdailykillvolume,placementdaysshallbeinaccordancewithkilldays.

BeforelitterplacementandDOCarrival,houseitself,itssurroundingsandallequipmentmustbewashedanddisinfectedthoroughly.Afterwards,makesureofsupervisionsystemtopreventpathogenicmicroorganismintothehouse.Allvehicles,equipmentandpeoplecannotenterthefarmbeforedisinfection.

Fivetoeightcmlittershouldbeplacedontothehousefloorevenly.Whenlitterintightsupplyandthuspricehigh,iflittertemperatureontopofthefloorcanreach28-30℃,thethicknesscanreduceappropriately.Iflitterplacedunevenly,feedintakeandwaterconsumptionwillbelimitedandthusimpactsflockuniformity.Housetemperatureandrelativehumidityshouldreachidealrequirement24hoursbeforeDOCarrival.Herearetherecommendations:

Housetemperatureis30℃.（Measuredatthechickheightandwherethefeedlineandwaterlineare.）

Littertemperatureis28-30℃.

Relativehumidityis60-70%.

DOCplacementmanagement

Chickscannotregulateitsbodytemperaturebefore12-14daysofage.Therefore,chicksrelyonoptimalenvironmenttemperaturetoachievebesteffectivetemperature.UponDOCarrival,littertemperatureisasimportantasairtemperatureinsidethehouse.Hence,itisrathersignificanttopreheatthehouse.

Housetemperatureandhumidityshouldbemonitoredperiodicallytoensureenvironmentinthewholebroodingareaiseven.Watchtheflockactivityandadjustthetemperaturetooptimalstatus.

Chicksevenlyspreadoutwhentemperatureeven

BeforeDOCarrival,checkthefeedlineandwaterlineonceagaintomakesureofavailabilityandproperlayout.Uponarrival,chicksshouldeatanddrinkintime.

Afterarrival,thelongerinthechickbox,thehigherpossibilityofdehydration,finallyleadingtohighearlymortalityandnegativeimpacton7-daybodyweightandfinalslaughteredweight.

Chicksshouldbeplacedonthepackingpaperinbroodingareaquickly,gentlyandevenly.Andchicksshalleatanddrinkfreelyintime.Emptychickboxesshallbemovedoutofthehouse.

Normally1-2hoursafterplacement,chickswilladapttothenewenvironment.Afterwards,checktheflockoftentoensureallchickscaneatanddrinkeasily.Ifnecessary,adjustthehousetemperatureandhumidity.

First7daysafterchickplacement,23hoursoflightingshallbeofferedat30-40luxtohelpchicksadapttothenewenvironmentassoonaspossibleandboostfeedintakeandwaterconsumption.

Duringbroodingperiod,maintainthetemperaturestable.Theenvironmenttemperatureshouldbemeasuredatthelevelofchickback.Butitisnotanabsolutemeasurementstandard.Whethertemperatureproperornot,itisdeterminedbydistancefrombirdstoheatresourceandactivityarea.

Temperaturecontrolisthekeytobroilerchickhealth,growthandfeedutilization.Iftemperatureistoohigh,feedintakedrops,waterconsumptionincreasesandgrowthslowsdown;iftemperaturetoolow,chickyolkabsorptionispooranddigestionnotgood,thusfeedconsumptiongoesupbutfeedconversiondecreases.Stabletemperatureisthekeytoensurenormalwaterconsumption,feedintakeandgrowth.Therefore,itisnecessarytocheckhousetemperaturefromtimetotime.

Relativehumiditymaintains60-65%andstable.

Ifchicksarecomfortable,birdswillbequitewithnobustling.Ifchickscrowdtogether,sobroodingtemperatureistooloworthereisdraught;ifbirdsapartfromtheheatresourcewithwingsstretched,mouthwidelyopenandpanting,sothebroodingtemperatureistoohigh.

Aftervaccinationorotherstress,itisnecessarytoincreasehousetemperatureby1-2℃temporarily.

Ifvacuumdrinkersareused,theyshouldbemovedcloselytoautomaticdrinkersgraduallyat4to5daysofage.Whenchicksaccustomedtoautomaticdrinkers,vacuumonesshouldberemoved;andmeanwhilegetbirdsaccustomedtoautomaticfeedersandremovefeedpansgradually.

Removedrinkersandfeedpansin3to4days.

Withthechickgrowth,heightenthedrinkersandfeedersgradually.Keepupperedgeoffeedersattheheightofchickbreast,andupperedgeofdrinkers（Plasson）attheheightofchickback.Nipperdrinkersshallbekeptattheheightappropriateformediumsizedchickstodrinkeasilywhenheadrises.

Disinfecttheenvironmenttwiceperweek（excludingdaysofvaccination）.

Ifundernaturalventilationmode,appropriateairexchangeshouldbeconsidered.Airfunnelsshallbeinstalledevenlyontosidewalls.Sizeofopeningcanbeadjustedfreelytoensurecoldairoutsidetoenterthehousefromthetop.Incoldseason,itisbettertoexchangeairthroughfloorpipe