最新高三英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案.docx

最新高三英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案.docx

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最新高三英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案

最新高三英语阅读理解专项训练100（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Plasticsludge（污泥）andgarbageisadisasterfortheworld'soceans.Afilmcrewtraveledtheglobetodocumenttherubbish.AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.“Halfofthewasteactuallysinkstothebottom,andthatremainsonthesurfaceactuallybreaksdown.”

   Thefilmmakersfoundrubbishinoceangyres,thecirculatingcurrentsthattraplargeconcentrationsofpollutionintheAtlantic,Indian,andPacifcOceans,homeofwhatsomehaveplastic.Whatwefoundwasaplasticsmogthatspreadthroughoutallthewater.Andinsomepartsoftheoceans,scientistshavefoundmoreplasticthanplant.”

   Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain,sometimesvisibly,andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel,wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants.“Thereareheavymetals,medicines,industrialwasteinthesea,whileitactslikemagnets（磁铁）.Thesepoisonoussubstancesabsorbontheplastic,andthenwhenseafoodabsorbstheplastics,thosepoisonoussubstancesenterthefattytissues.”Tobeconsumedbyothersealifeandbypeopleatlast.

   China,Indonesia,thePhilippines,ThailandandVietnamaretheworstplasticpolluters.TheUnitedStates,althoughaleaderinrecycling,isoneoftheworld's20sinceitproducesandconsumessomuchplastic.Thereareeffortsaroundtheworldtoaddresstheproblem,includingatthisnewlyopenedrecyclingcenterinLebanon（黎巴嫩）.ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando.“Cutbackonsingle-useplastics,straws,plasticcups,plasticwaterbottles,plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials.”Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.

（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. There'sallislandfullofplasticrubbishinthePacific.

B. Thebadeffectofplasticpollutioncan'tbeseenbyeyes.

C. TheUnitedStatesistheleastplasticpolluters.

D. Theplasticpollutiontooceansismoreseriousthanwhatwecansee.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph3?

A. Pollutantslikeheavymetalsandmedicines.  B. Theplasticparticles.

C. Seafood.                                                            D. Fattytissues.

（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A. AllAsiancountrieshavethemostseriousproblemofplasticpollution.

B. Theplasticproblemhasn'tattractedtheworld'sattention.

C. Andersenisnotsatisfiedwithwhathasbeendonetosolvetheplasticproblem,

D. Peopleshouldstopusingplasticproductsimmediately.

（4）Whichmay bethetitleofthepassage?

A. PlasticpollutionintheWorld.

B. Plasticpollution—Oceans'Disaster.

C. Waystosolvetheproblemofplasticpollutiontooceans.

D. Plasticpollutionandourhealth.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋导致的影响。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段第三句：

AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.可知，塑料海洋基金会的朱莉·安德森说，我们看到的只是问题的冰山一角。

故可推测塑料对海洋的污染比我们所看到的更严重，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain，sometimesvisibly，andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel，wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants."Thereareheavymetals，medicines，industrialwasteinthesea，whileitactslikemagnets（磁铁）.可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微观层面感染食物链，有时是明显的，塑料颗粒与其他污染物相互作用.海洋中有重金属，药物，工业废物，使其像磁铁一样.it指代的是塑料颗粒。

故选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando."Cutbackonsingle-useplastics，straws，plasticcups，plasticwaterbottles，plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials."Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.可知，安德森说人们还可以做更多事情来预防污染，可推测出安德森对于目前解决塑料问题所做的工作不满意。

故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。

阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了塑料污染海洋灾害。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：

段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Tenminutesofgentleexercisecanimmediatelychangehowcertainpartsofthebraincommunicateandcoordinate（协调）withoneanotherandimprovememoryfunction,accordingtoanencouragingnewstudy.

   Thescientistsinvited36peopleofdifferentagestothelabandhadthemsitquietlyonafixedbicyclefor10minutesor,onaseparatevisit,pedalthebicycleatapacesogentlethatitbarelyraisedtheirheartrates.Italsowasshort,lastingforonly10minutes.Immediatelyaftereachsessionofthesittingorslowpedaling,thepeoplecompletedacomputerizedmemorytestduringwhichtheywouldseeabriefpictureof,forinstance,atree,followedbyavarietyofotherimagesandthenanewimageofeitherthesametreeorasimilarone.Thepeoplewouldpressbuttonstoshowwhethertheythoughteachimagewasneworthesameasanearliershot.Thetestisdifficult,sincemanyoftheimagescloselyresembleoneanother.Itrequiresrapid,skillfulscanningrecentmemoriestodecidewhetherapictureisneworknown.Next,thescientistshadeachpeoplerepeatthisprocess--ridingorsittingonthebikefor10minutesandthencompletingmemorytesting--butthetestingnowtookplaceinsideanM.R.I.machine（磁共振成像仪）thatscannedthepeople'sbrainswhiletheyrespondedtotheimages.

   Thentheresearcherscomparedresults.Theeffectsoftheexercisewereclear.Thepeoplewerebetteratrememberingimagesaftertheyhadriddenthebike,especiallywhentheimagesmostcloselyresembledoneanother.Inotherwords,thehardertheirmemorieshadtodotheirbest,thebettertheyperformedaftertheexercise.TheM.R.I.scansshowedthatmemorypartsofeachpeople'sbrainlitupatthesametimewithpartsofthebrainassociatedwithlearning,indicatingthatthesephysicallyseparatepartsofthebrainwerebetterconnectednowthanwhenthepeoplehadnotfirstexercised.

（1）Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?

A. Byfillingupquestionnaires.                            B. Byinterviewingmanypeople.

C. Bycomparingexperimentdata.                      

D. Byreferringtohistoricalreports.

（2）Whomightbenefitmostfromthestudyresult?

A. Themarketerspromotingfixedbicycles.

B. Theyoungpeoplecrazyaboutbodybuilding.

C. Thewhitecollarsdoinglong-termmentalwork.

D. Theblue-collarsdoingheavyphysicallaborwork.

（3）Whichofthefollowingstatementsagreeswiththestudyresult?

A. Thelightexerciseisonlygoodforyoungpeople.

B. Themoretheexerciseis,thebetterthebrainworks.

C. Theexercisecancoordinatedifferentpartsofthebody.

D. Theexercisehasmorepositiveeffectwhenthebrainworksharder.

（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. Eventenminutes'exercisemaybegoodforthebrain

B. Thereisnoneedforhumansdoingexerciseeveryday

C. Onlytenminutes'lightexercisebenefitstheyoungmost

D. Exercisecanchangepeople'sbrainsandmindsinalongtime

【答案】

（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

一项新的研究表明，哪怕是仅仅十分钟的轻柔运动也会提高人的记忆里水平。

（1）细节理解题。

第三段第一句“Thentheresearcherscomparedresults.”可知研究者通过对比实验数据得出结论，故答案选C。

（2）推理判断题。

一项新的研究表明，哪怕是仅仅十分钟的轻柔运动也会提高人的记忆里水平。

因此可推断这对于长期从事脑力工作的白领们是一个福音。

故答案选C。

（3）细节理解题。

第三段第三句“Inotherwords,thehardertheirmemorieshadtodotheirbest,thebettertheyperformedaftertheexercise.”可知大脑使用的程度越高，运动对记忆里的影响就越大，即当大脑工作更努力时，运动有更积极的效果。

故答案选D。

（4）主旨大意题。

根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究成果：

短时间的轻柔运动就会提高记忆力水平，故答案选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare"ifonly".Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.

   Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying"Taketheextraminutetodoitright."Ialwaystrytolivebythe"extraminute"rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan"ifonly"moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding（衬垫）ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.

   Idon'tonlyavoidthose"ifonly"momentswhenitcomestosafety.It'sequallyimportanttoavoid"ifonly"inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay"Iloveyou"or"Iforgiveyou."WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn'tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathewas84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.

   IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay"ifonly"aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthing.I'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.

（1）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe"extraminute"rule?

A. Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.         B. Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.

C. Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.         D. Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.

（2）Theunderlinedword"foregone"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______..

A. abandoned                             B. avoided                             C. lacked                             D. taken

（3）T