BEC课堂笔记整理.docx

BEC课堂笔记整理.docx

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BEC课堂笔记整理

大四上BEC课堂笔记整理

Chapterone

1.经济三大部门thethreesectorsoftheeconomy

2.经济基础设施theeconomicinfrastructure

3.写字楼officebuilding

4.住宅区housingdistrict

5.现代化的工业国家modernindustrializedcountry

6.总经理generalmanager/managingdirector

7.制造业公司manufacturingindustry

8.发电站的建造和维护thebuildingandmaintenanceofthepowerstation

9.石油的抽取和煤炭的开采miningofcoalandpumpingofoil

10.制成品finishedproducts

11.批发和零售商专卖店wholesaleandretailoutlets

12.附加值的分配distributionofitsaddedvalue

13.第一产业部门primarysector

14.第二产业部门secondarysector

15.第三产业部门tertiarysector

16.发达的工业化国家anadvancedindustrialcountry

17.依赖重工业提供就业机会dependonheavyindustryforemployment

18.后工业化国家apost-industrialcountry

19.发展中国家adevelopingcountry

20.欠发达国家aless-developedcountry

21.服务业的增长和制造业的减少

thegrowthofserviceindustryandthedeclineofmanufacturingindustry

22.制造业manufacturingindustry

23.再造业transformingindustry

24.创造业/加工业processingindustry

25.实物消费品physicalobjectsofconsumption

26.人类消费模式patternsofhumanconsumption

27.人力投入laborinput

28.人力成本laborcost

29.制作品manufacturedproduct

Terms:

1.infrastructure:

thebasicstructurefoundationsofasocietyorenterprise;divideintotwoparts,softfacilities,hardfacilitiesandtheirutilities

2.primarysector:

agricultureandtheextractionofrawmaterialsfromtheearth

3.secondarysector:

manufacturingindustry,inwhichrawmaterialsareturnedintofinishedproducts

4.tertiarysector:

thecommercialservicesthathelpindustryproduceanddistributegoodstothefinalconsumers,aswellasactivitiessuchaseducation,health,care,leisure,tourism,andsoon

5.wholesale批發，大量的買賣:

buyingandsellingofgoods,inlargequantities,frommanufactures

6.retail零售:

thesaleofgoodstothegeneralpublic,especiallyinshops

7.addedvalue附加值:

thevalueattributedtoproductsandservicesastheresultofaparticularprocesse.g.:

production,process,storage,transport

Writing:

1）Ismanufacturingindustryimportant?

Isitsdeclineinthe“advanced”countriesinevitable?

Willservicesadequatelyreplaceit?

2）DoyouagreewitheitherofGalbraith’sorMacShane’sviews?

（先回答这两个人的观点，再阐述自己的理由）

Chaptertwo

1.一套可以教会的技能和技术asetofskillsandtechniquesthatcanbetaught

2.公司董事长company’schairman

3.确定/制定目标setobjectives

4.制定战略developastrategies

5.分配资源allocateresources

6.对组织的业务活动进行分析分类analyzeandclassifytheactivitiesoftheorganization

7.将工作分成易于管理的业务活动dividetheworkintomanageableactivities

8.负责执行单项工作的人们peoplewhoareresponsibleforperformingindividualjob

9.激励和沟通motivatingandcommunication

10.组织和监督下属的工作organizationandsupervisingtheworkofsubordinate

11.绩效评估performanceappraisal

12.独家经销商exclusivedistributors

13.董事会boardofdirectors

14.传达目标communicateanobjective

15.做有关薪水和晋升的决策makedecisionsaboutpayandpromotion

16.评估绩效measureperformance

17.监督下属supervisesubordinate

18.专有技术/技术专长techniqueexpertise

19.设计商店布局designthelayoutofastore

20.陈列商品displaymerchandise

21.雇佣销售员工employsalesstaff

22.提高利润increaseprofits

23.日常物流day-to-daylogistics

24.日常运营day-to-dayoperation/running

25.责任和授权accountabilityanddelegation

26.公司统一外观corporateappearance

27.公司目标陈述corporatestatement

28.行为规范和劳动纪律parametersanddisciplines

29.培训和发展developmentandtraining

30.集体小组座谈focusgroupinterview

31.日常沟通day-to-daycommunication

32.带来销量的提高leadtoincreasesales

Terms:

1.management:

theprocessofcoordinatinggoalsoftheorganization

2.subordinate:

someonewhohasalessimportantpositionthansomeoneelseinaorganization

3.superior（上级）:

someoneinahigherpositionthansomeoneelseatwork

4.promotion:

（thegivingorreceivingof）ahigherpositionoramoreimportantjob

5.supplier:

apersonororganizationthatprovidesnecessarygoodsorservice

6.distributor:

apersonororganizationthatsuppliesgoodsforaproducerormanufacturetoshops

7.exclusivedistributor:

theonlydistributorusedbyaparticularcompanytosellitsgoodsinaparticularareaorcountry

8.boardofdirectors:

thetopgoverningbodyofacorporation,themembersofwhichareselectedbythestockholderstodevelopcompanypolicy

9.expertise:

expertknowledgeorskillinaparticularfield

10.logistics:

theflowofmaterialandinformationbetweenconsumersandsuppliers,includinginterdependentprocessofcustomerserviceandorderprocessing,inventoryplanningandmanagement,supply,transportation,anddistribution,andwarehousing

Writing:

1）Whatismanagement?

Whatmakesagoodmanager?

2）Doyouthinkyouhavetherightskillstobeamanager?

Wouldyoubeable,forexample,tosetobjectives,motivateandcoordinatethestaff,andmanageadepartmentstore,oracomputermanufacture?

3）Givesomeexampleoffamousmanagers.Whosecareerwouldyoumostlikelytoemulate?

Chapterthree

1.直线职权lineauthority

2.直线结构linestructure

3.矩阵结构matrixstructure

4.功能结构functionalstructure

5.幕僚职位staffposition

6.纳入指挥链integrateintothechainofcommand

7.人事部personnelorhumanresourcesdepartment

8.不征询财务部门的意见就做出财务方面的决策

takefinancialdecisionswithoutconsultingthefinancedepartment

9.一家制造一系列产品的大型组织alargeorganizationmanufacturingarangeofproducts

10.营运部门operatingdivision

11.模拟分权simulatedecentralization

12.内部拟定转移价格internallydeterminedtransferprice

13.将责任传给老板passonresponsibilitytotheboss

14.细分市场marketsegment

15.传统财务、销售和生产部门的功能

thetraditionalfunctionsoffinance,salesandproduction

16.让基层保留职权keepauthorityatlowerlevels

17.（自下而上）在指挥链上将职权和自主权推向基层

pushauthorityandautonomydowntheline

18.临时建立的完全自主的小组或团体whollyauthority,temporarygroupsorteams

19.广告预算advertisingbudget

20.市场份额marketshare

21.信贷措施/安排creditfacilities

22.研发researchanddevelopment

23.未分配收益/留存收益retainedprofits

24.组织结构图organizationchart

25.公司氛围/企业精神corporateethos

Terms:

1.lineauthority:

dividinganorganizationintodecisionmakingunitsthatarenotcentrallycontrolled

2.chain/lineofcommand:

thelineofauthoritythatextendsfromthehighesttothelowestlevelsoforganization

3.linestructure:

hierarchicalstructurewithinanorganization,withonepersonoragroupofpeopleatthetop,andanincreasingnumberofpeoplebelowthemateachsuccessivelevel

4.matrixstructure:

anorganizationalstructurethatcombinesverticalandhorizontallinesofauthorityonafunctionallydepartmentalizedorganizationsinwhichpeoplereporttomorethanonesuperior

5.functionalstructure:

anorganizationalstructurethatgroups,positions,intodepartmentsonthebasisofthespecializedactivitiesofbusiness,i.e.production,finance,marketing,salesandpersonnelorhumanresourcesdepartment

6.staffposition:

apositioncreatedtoprovidesupport,adviceandexpertisewithinanorganization

7.transferprice:

thepriceforinternaltransferofrawmaterialbetweenthetradingunitsandthefirm

8.marketsegment:

agroupofpotentialbuyerswhohavesomethingincommon

9.corporateethos:

acompany’swaysofworkingandthinking

10.marketshare:

theshareofthetotalsalesofallbrandsorproductscompetinginthesamemarketthatiscapturedbyoneparticularbrandorproduct,usuallyexpressedasapercentage

11.retainedearnings:

portionofbusinessprofitsnotdistributedtostockholders

12.researchanddevelopment:

asetofactivitiesintendedtoidentifynewideasthathavethepotentialtoresultinnewgoodsandservices

13.organizationchart:

achartillustratingthestructureofanorganization

14.budget:

afinancialstatementthatprojectsincomeand/orexpendituresoveraspecifiedfutureperiod

15.micromanagement:

managementstyleinwhich/whereamanagercloselyobservesorcontrolstheworkoftheiremployees

Writing:

1）Writeashortsummaryofyouropinionsregardingbigandsmallcompanies,explainingwhichyouprefer,orwouldprefertoworkfor,why?

Whataretheadvantagesforeach?

2）Whatdoyouknowaboutthewaysoforganizingcompanies?

Commentonthevariouscompanystructures.

Chapterfour

1.劳资关系laborrelations

2.额外的福利待遇fringebenefit

3.促销salespromotion

4.工作保障jobsecurity

5.两种截然相反的工作和激励理论twoopposingtheoriesofworkandmotivation

6.需要保护的免除责任的重担needprotectionagainsttheburdenofresponsibility

7.带薪假期paidholiday

8.大量不需要动脑筋的乏味的重复和机械性的工作

plentyofboring,mindless,repetitiveandmechanicaljobs

9.产品系列productline

10.企业文化corporateculture

11.财务指标financialtarget

12.从经营的角度看fromanoperationalpointofview

13.使个人的需要和能力与商店的经营需要相吻合

tailorindividuals’needsandabilitiestotheoperationalneedsofthestore

14.员工折扣staffdiscount

15.制定一项利润分享的计划establishaprofit-sharingprogram

16.效率奖productivitybonus

17.生产线productionline

18.计件制pieceworksystem/piece-rate-system

19.需求层次论HierarchyofNeeds

20.激励维生理论Motivation-hygienetheory

21.激励因素Motivationfactors

22.维生因素Hygienefactors

Terms:

1）motivation:

thestimulationofaconsumer’ssalesperson’s,employee’sordealer’sinnatedesiresandpersonalobjectives

2）fringebenefit:

somethingextrathatyougetfromyouremployerinadditiontomoney

3）jobsecurity:

asituationwhereajobislikelytobepermanent

4）TheoryX:

aconceptofemployeemotivation,assumingthatemployeesdislikeworkandwillfunctiononlyinahighlycontrolledworkenvironment

5）TheoryY:

aconceptofemployeemotivation,assumingthatemployeesacceptresponsibilityandworktowardorganizationalgoalsifbysodoingtheyalsoachievepersonalrewards

6）Motivation-hygienetheory:

atheoryofmotivationdescribedbyFredrickHertzberg,whichassetsthattwosetsoffactors