BEC课堂笔记整理.docx
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BEC课堂笔记整理
大四上BEC课堂笔记整理
Chapterone
1.经济三大部门thethreesectorsoftheeconomy
2.经济基础设施theeconomicinfrastructure
3.写字楼officebuilding
4.住宅区housingdistrict
5.现代化的工业国家modernindustrializedcountry
6.总经理generalmanager/managingdirector
7.制造业公司manufacturingindustry
8.发电站的建造和维护thebuildingandmaintenanceofthepowerstation
9.石油的抽取和煤炭的开采miningofcoalandpumpingofoil
10.制成品finishedproducts
11.批发和零售商专卖店wholesaleandretailoutlets
12.附加值的分配distributionofitsaddedvalue
13.第一产业部门primarysector
14.第二产业部门secondarysector
15.第三产业部门tertiarysector
16.发达的工业化国家anadvancedindustrialcountry
17.依赖重工业提供就业机会dependonheavyindustryforemployment
18.后工业化国家apost-industrialcountry
19.发展中国家adevelopingcountry
20.欠发达国家aless-developedcountry
21.服务业的增长和制造业的减少
thegrowthofserviceindustryandthedeclineofmanufacturingindustry
22.制造业manufacturingindustry
23.再造业transformingindustry
24.创造业/加工业processingindustry
25.实物消费品physicalobjectsofconsumption
26.人类消费模式patternsofhumanconsumption
27.人力投入laborinput
28.人力成本laborcost
29.制作品manufacturedproduct
Terms:
1.infrastructure:
thebasicstructurefoundationsofasocietyorenterprise;divideintotwoparts,softfacilities,hardfacilitiesandtheirutilities
2.primarysector:
agricultureandtheextractionofrawmaterialsfromtheearth
3.secondarysector:
manufacturingindustry,inwhichrawmaterialsareturnedintofinishedproducts
4.tertiarysector:
thecommercialservicesthathelpindustryproduceanddistributegoodstothefinalconsumers,aswellasactivitiessuchaseducation,health,care,leisure,tourism,andsoon
5.wholesale批發,大量的買賣:
buyingandsellingofgoods,inlargequantities,frommanufactures
6.retail零售:
thesaleofgoodstothegeneralpublic,especiallyinshops
7.addedvalue附加值:
thevalueattributedtoproductsandservicesastheresultofaparticularprocesse.g.:
production,process,storage,transport
Writing:
1)Ismanufacturingindustryimportant?
Isitsdeclineinthe“advanced”countriesinevitable?
Willservicesadequatelyreplaceit?
2)DoyouagreewitheitherofGalbraith’sorMacShane’sviews?
(先回答这两个人的观点,再阐述自己的理由)
Chaptertwo
1.一套可以教会的技能和技术asetofskillsandtechniquesthatcanbetaught
2.公司董事长company’schairman
3.确定/制定目标setobjectives
4.制定战略developastrategies
5.分配资源allocateresources
6.对组织的业务活动进行分析分类analyzeandclassifytheactivitiesoftheorganization
7.将工作分成易于管理的业务活动dividetheworkintomanageableactivities
8.负责执行单项工作的人们peoplewhoareresponsibleforperformingindividualjob
9.激励和沟通motivatingandcommunication
10.组织和监督下属的工作organizationandsupervisingtheworkofsubordinate
11.绩效评估performanceappraisal
12.独家经销商exclusivedistributors
13.董事会boardofdirectors
14.传达目标communicateanobjective
15.做有关薪水和晋升的决策makedecisionsaboutpayandpromotion
16.评估绩效measureperformance
17.监督下属supervisesubordinate
18.专有技术/技术专长techniqueexpertise
19.设计商店布局designthelayoutofastore
20.陈列商品displaymerchandise
21.雇佣销售员工employsalesstaff
22.提高利润increaseprofits
23.日常物流day-to-daylogistics
24.日常运营day-to-dayoperation/running
25.责任和授权accountabilityanddelegation
26.公司统一外观corporateappearance
27.公司目标陈述corporatestatement
28.行为规范和劳动纪律parametersanddisciplines
29.培训和发展developmentandtraining
30.集体小组座谈focusgroupinterview
31.日常沟通day-to-daycommunication
32.带来销量的提高leadtoincreasesales
Terms:
1.management:
theprocessofcoordinatinggoalsoftheorganization
2.subordinate:
someonewhohasalessimportantpositionthansomeoneelseinaorganization
3.superior(上级):
someoneinahigherpositionthansomeoneelseatwork
4.promotion:
(thegivingorreceivingof)ahigherpositionoramoreimportantjob
5.supplier:
apersonororganizationthatprovidesnecessarygoodsorservice
6.distributor:
apersonororganizationthatsuppliesgoodsforaproducerormanufacturetoshops
7.exclusivedistributor:
theonlydistributorusedbyaparticularcompanytosellitsgoodsinaparticularareaorcountry
8.boardofdirectors:
thetopgoverningbodyofacorporation,themembersofwhichareselectedbythestockholderstodevelopcompanypolicy
9.expertise:
expertknowledgeorskillinaparticularfield
10.logistics:
theflowofmaterialandinformationbetweenconsumersandsuppliers,includinginterdependentprocessofcustomerserviceandorderprocessing,inventoryplanningandmanagement,supply,transportation,anddistribution,andwarehousing
Writing:
1)Whatismanagement?
Whatmakesagoodmanager?
2)Doyouthinkyouhavetherightskillstobeamanager?
Wouldyoubeable,forexample,tosetobjectives,motivateandcoordinatethestaff,andmanageadepartmentstore,oracomputermanufacture?
3)Givesomeexampleoffamousmanagers.Whosecareerwouldyoumostlikelytoemulate?
Chapterthree
1.直线职权lineauthority
2.直线结构linestructure
3.矩阵结构matrixstructure
4.功能结构functionalstructure
5.幕僚职位staffposition
6.纳入指挥链integrateintothechainofcommand
7.人事部personnelorhumanresourcesdepartment
8.不征询财务部门的意见就做出财务方面的决策
takefinancialdecisionswithoutconsultingthefinancedepartment
9.一家制造一系列产品的大型组织alargeorganizationmanufacturingarangeofproducts
10.营运部门operatingdivision
11.模拟分权simulatedecentralization
12.内部拟定转移价格internallydeterminedtransferprice
13.将责任传给老板passonresponsibilitytotheboss
14.细分市场marketsegment
15.传统财务、销售和生产部门的功能
thetraditionalfunctionsoffinance,salesandproduction
16.让基层保留职权keepauthorityatlowerlevels
17.(自下而上)在指挥链上将职权和自主权推向基层
pushauthorityandautonomydowntheline
18.临时建立的完全自主的小组或团体whollyauthority,temporarygroupsorteams
19.广告预算advertisingbudget
20.市场份额marketshare
21.信贷措施/安排creditfacilities
22.研发researchanddevelopment
23.未分配收益/留存收益retainedprofits
24.组织结构图organizationchart
25.公司氛围/企业精神corporateethos
Terms:
1.lineauthority:
dividinganorganizationintodecisionmakingunitsthatarenotcentrallycontrolled
2.chain/lineofcommand:
thelineofauthoritythatextendsfromthehighesttothelowestlevelsoforganization
3.linestructure:
hierarchicalstructurewithinanorganization,withonepersonoragroupofpeopleatthetop,andanincreasingnumberofpeoplebelowthemateachsuccessivelevel
4.matrixstructure:
anorganizationalstructurethatcombinesverticalandhorizontallinesofauthorityonafunctionallydepartmentalizedorganizationsinwhichpeoplereporttomorethanonesuperior
5.functionalstructure:
anorganizationalstructurethatgroups,positions,intodepartmentsonthebasisofthespecializedactivitiesofbusiness,i.e.production,finance,marketing,salesandpersonnelorhumanresourcesdepartment
6.staffposition:
apositioncreatedtoprovidesupport,adviceandexpertisewithinanorganization
7.transferprice:
thepriceforinternaltransferofrawmaterialbetweenthetradingunitsandthefirm
8.marketsegment:
agroupofpotentialbuyerswhohavesomethingincommon
9.corporateethos:
acompany’swaysofworkingandthinking
10.marketshare:
theshareofthetotalsalesofallbrandsorproductscompetinginthesamemarketthatiscapturedbyoneparticularbrandorproduct,usuallyexpressedasapercentage
11.retainedearnings:
portionofbusinessprofitsnotdistributedtostockholders
12.researchanddevelopment:
asetofactivitiesintendedtoidentifynewideasthathavethepotentialtoresultinnewgoodsandservices
13.organizationchart:
achartillustratingthestructureofanorganization
14.budget:
afinancialstatementthatprojectsincomeand/orexpendituresoveraspecifiedfutureperiod
15.micromanagement:
managementstyleinwhich/whereamanagercloselyobservesorcontrolstheworkoftheiremployees
Writing:
1)Writeashortsummaryofyouropinionsregardingbigandsmallcompanies,explainingwhichyouprefer,orwouldprefertoworkfor,why?
Whataretheadvantagesforeach?
2)Whatdoyouknowaboutthewaysoforganizingcompanies?
Commentonthevariouscompanystructures.
Chapterfour
1.劳资关系laborrelations
2.额外的福利待遇fringebenefit
3.促销salespromotion
4.工作保障jobsecurity
5.两种截然相反的工作和激励理论twoopposingtheoriesofworkandmotivation
6.需要保护的免除责任的重担needprotectionagainsttheburdenofresponsibility
7.带薪假期paidholiday
8.大量不需要动脑筋的乏味的重复和机械性的工作
plentyofboring,mindless,repetitiveandmechanicaljobs
9.产品系列productline
10.企业文化corporateculture
11.财务指标financialtarget
12.从经营的角度看fromanoperationalpointofview
13.使个人的需要和能力与商店的经营需要相吻合
tailorindividuals’needsandabilitiestotheoperationalneedsofthestore
14.员工折扣staffdiscount
15.制定一项利润分享的计划establishaprofit-sharingprogram
16.效率奖productivitybonus
17.生产线productionline
18.计件制pieceworksystem/piece-rate-system
19.需求层次论HierarchyofNeeds
20.激励维生理论Motivation-hygienetheory
21.激励因素Motivationfactors
22.维生因素Hygienefactors
Terms:
1)motivation:
thestimulationofaconsumer’ssalesperson’s,employee’sordealer’sinnatedesiresandpersonalobjectives
2)fringebenefit:
somethingextrathatyougetfromyouremployerinadditiontomoney
3)jobsecurity:
asituationwhereajobislikelytobepermanent
4)TheoryX:
aconceptofemployeemotivation,assumingthatemployeesdislikeworkandwillfunctiononlyinahighlycontrolledworkenvironment
5)TheoryY:
aconceptofemployeemotivation,assumingthatemployeesacceptresponsibilityandworktowardorganizationalgoalsifbysodoingtheyalsoachievepersonalrewards
6)Motivation-hygienetheory:
atheoryofmotivationdescribedbyFredrickHertzberg,whichassetsthattwosetsoffactors