12 四级真题.docx

12 四级真题.docx

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12四级真题

2011年12月四级真题

PartⅠ Writing （30minutes）

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上．

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

 Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentencewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

WhyIntegrityMatters

WhatIsIntegrity?

　　Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself（honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness）butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical（道德上的）standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.

　　Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?

Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse（缺失）ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?

Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.

RiskyBusiness

　　Weareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.

　　Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism（剽窃）mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense.

"ButEverybodyDoesIt"

　　Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:

"Everyoneelsedoesit.""I'mnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescangetveryelaborate:

"IknowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.

     Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:

Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryoreshoulder.Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.

EvaluatingRisks　

     Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"O"onatestorassignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension（暂令停学）ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable（脆弱的）position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.

GettingAwaywithit-OrNot　

    Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives（剥夺）himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:

thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.　

Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.

CheatingHurtsOther,Too　

    Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative（累积的）effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30％ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.（"IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewhodo"）Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.

WhyIntegrityMarten　

    Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.

Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.

1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.

A.stickstothemintheirdailylife

B.makesthemknowntoothers

C.understandstheirtruevalues

D.seesthatothersalsofollowthem

2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?

A.Ithelpstocreateteamspirit.

B.Itfacilitatescommunication.

C.Itisthebasisofmutualtrust.

D.Itinspiresmutualrespect.

3.Whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？

A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.

B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.

C.sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.

D.sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.

4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?

A.ithascausednoharm.

B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.

C.ithasgoneunnoticed.

D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.

5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?

A.Avoidmakingexcuses.

B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.

C.Makehisintensionspublic.

D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.

6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.

A.willoftenbecomemorecautious

B.areusuallyveryaggressive

C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.

D.mayloseeverythingintheend

7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.

A.paymoredearly

B.becomemoreconfident

C.bewidelyadmired

D.feelsomewhatlucky

8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowto.

9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeople’s.

10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultof.

PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.A.ReadthenoticeonthewindowB.Getanewbusschedule

C.GoandaskthestaffD.BoardthebustoCleveland

12.A.Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.

B.Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.

C.HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial

D.HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.

13.A.Shewantstotakethemostdirectway.

B.Shemaybelateforthefootballgame.

C.Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.

D.Sheiscurrentlycaughtinatrafficjam.

14.A.AtarestaurantB.In