12 四级真题.docx

1、12 四级真题2011年12月 四级真题Part Writing(30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of times. You shou

2、ld write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four c

3、hoices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness

4、) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making lifes hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violat

5、e other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity mus

6、t be one of our most important goals.Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and the

7、n exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we cant see the risks were taking, we cant make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be awar

8、e of the facts. For example, one who doesnt know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is un

9、intentional does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense.But Everybody Does It Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks theyre taking by using excuses: Everyone else does it. Im not hurting anyone, or I really need this gr

10、ade. Excuses can get very elaborate: I know Im look at anothers exam, even though Im supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but thats not cheating because Im just checking my answers, not copying. We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing were not

11、doing anything wrong, we cant see the real choice were making - and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If youd rather hide your actions, t

12、hats an indication that youre taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they

13、 later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply havent considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a O on a test or assignment, an F in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you brea

14、k a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there arent many thing

15、s that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or Not Those who dont get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesnt learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty

16、, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesnt get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems easier.

17、This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Cheating Hurts Other, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions dont count and dont really hurt anyone. But in

18、dividual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30 or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating poisons the classroom, and others may feel

19、pressured to join in. (If I dont cheat I cant compete with those who do) Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. Im not interested in what youre trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardles

20、s of the effect on others. The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity Marten If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely

21、on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldnt put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist-the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the

22、effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nati

23、ons economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that

24、 we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _.A. sticks to them in their daily lifeB. makes them known to othersC. understands their true valuesD. sees that others also follow the

25、m2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships? A. It helps to create team spirit.B. It facilitates communication.C. It is the basis of mutual trust.D. It inspires mutual respect.3. Why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？ A. To ensure we make respo

26、nsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we dont break any rules.D. so that we dont run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.

27、5. What should one do if he doesnt wish to fool himself? A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other peoples advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on _.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. va

28、lue immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesnt get caught right away will _.A. pay more dearlyB. become more confidentC. be widely admiredD. feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam dont care about their education, all they care about is h

29、ow to .9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on peoples .10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of .Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conve

30、rsations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is

31、the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11. A. Read the notice on the window B. Get a new bus schedule C. Go and ask the staff D. Board the bus to Cleveland 12. A. He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes. B.

32、He enjoyed watching the animal performance. C. He got home too late to see the TV special D. He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program. 13. A. She wants to take the most direct way. B. She may be late for the football game. C. She is worried about missing her flight. D. She is currently caught in a traffic jam. 14. A. At a restaurant B. In