高中英语真题阅读理解基础选练3.docx
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高中英语真题阅读理解基础选练3
阅读理解基础选练（3）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Last week, we explained that the planet Mars has passed “opposition. ”It passed a point opposite the Sun. This week, we tell about the planet’s surprising motion（运动）among the stars.
For thousands of years, people have recognized that planets travel among the stars. The planets generally follow the path taken by the Sun through the sky. The Sun’s path is called the ecliptic. The groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the Zodiac.
The motion of the planets can be confusing at times. Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth. Planets generally move from west to east.
However, Mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year. This happens because the Earth is overtaking Mars on its way around the Sun. Mars began its backward, or westward, motion on May 11th, It will start moving eastward again on July 19th.
Mars’ apparent motion has been a mystery to astronomers for hundreds of years. Most early theories of the solar system argued that the Sun and planets turned around the Earth. But the sudden westward motion of Mars presented a problem. Why would Mars move west for two months when it nears “opposition”?
In 1543, a Polish church worker named Nicolas Copernicus published a different theory. His theory said the Earth and planets moved around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits. Copernicus’ theory was simpler. But his Sun – centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.
Finally, a German mathematician named Johannes Kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619. He had carefully studied the motion of Mars for many years.
Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun. Instead, they travel in flattened orbits called ellipses. Mars’ elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.
During the next several weeks, you can see for yourself why the mysterious motion of Mars has caused so many people to wonder.
63. From the passage we can learn that .
A. the sun and planets generally travel westward
B. Kepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619
C. Copernicus’ theory well explained the motion of Mars
D. the Earth’s turning motion causes the sun to rise in the east
64. On July 19th Mars .
A. will pass the “opposition” B. appears to change its direction again
C. will begin to move westward D. appears to change its orbit again
65. Why does Mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes “opposition”?
A. It is overtaking the earth. B. It follows the path of the sun.
C. It moves in an elliptical orbit. D. It travels in a circular orbit.
66. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Recent Research into Mars B. The Surprising Motion of Mars
C. The Great Discovery on Mars D. The Wonderful Mystery of Mars
motion of the planets in 1619. Kepler在1619年出版了行星运动的完全理论” 可知，他的研究应该是在1619年之前，B错误；根据第六段最后一句“But his Sun – centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.”可知，C错误；根据第三段第二、三句“Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth.”可知D正确。
【考点定位】考查推理判断题。
64. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Mars began its backward, or westward, motion on May 11th, It will start moving eastward again on July 19th. ”可知，B正确。
【考点定位】考查细节理解题。
65. 【答案】C
【解析】根据第八段最后一句“Mars’ elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.”可知，C正确。
【考点定位】考查细节理解题。
66. 【答案】B
【解析】综合全文，文章主要讲今年火星Mars有两个月的时间是向西转动的，这与一般行星自西向东转动是相反的，因此B项符合题意。
【考点定位】考查标题总结题。
社会生活类阅读理解。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Cancer is among the top killer diseases in our society today and scientists have found out that stress helps to bring it on. It is worthwhile to consider, therefore, what are the causes of stress in our life, and whether we can do anything about them.
Are we under-employed, or overburdened with too many responsibilities?
Do we have a right balance of work and leisure in our lives?
Are our relationships with family, friends or fellow workers in a good state?
All these things can be a cause of stress, and it is best to face them honestly, and to bring our frustration （沮丧）into the open. People who have a row and then forget it are doing their health more good than those who bottle up their feelings.
If our self-examination has brought any causes of stress to light, let us consider what we can do about them. It is possible to change jobs. We can make more leisure and fill in more fun, if we will accept a different living standard. We can improve our personal relationships by a different attitude. It is we who allow other people to make ourselves unhappy. Often the little things that disturb us are not worth an hour’s anger. The teaching in the Bible“Let not the sun go down upon your wrath（愤怒）”is good advice from the health point of view as well as the religious.
1. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the text?
A. Stress is the direct cause of cancer.
B. The cause of stress is worthy of serious study.
C. Cancer is the number one killer in our society today.
D. People who can’t accept a different living standard are less likely to suffer from stress.
2. Judging from the text, the underlined word “row”in the third paragraph most probably means______.
A. a noisy quarrel
B. a boat journey
C. a good relationship
D. a cured disease
3. Which of the following is not mentioned as a way to reduce our stress?
A. Changing our jobs.
B. Changing our attitude about little things that make us unpleased.
C. Speaking out about our frustrations.
D. Reading the Bible.
4. “Let not the sun go down upon your wrath”probably means______.
A. Don’t let your anger last long
B. Don’t get angry even though the sun is going down
C. Something important that disturbs us is worth an hour’s anger
D. Watch the sunset while you are angry
【参考答案】31.BADA
社会生活类-阅读理解。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it’s a girl.”
Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different answer from every man who hears these words. Some feel proud when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.
Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this remobilization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.
It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father’s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother’s role. The mother’s role seems to require complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation; on the other hand, the father’s role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing number of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.
1. According to the author, being a father______.
A. brings a feeling of excitement to some men
B. has a different meaning for those who have daughters
C. makes some men feel proud and others uneasy
D. means nothing but more responsibilities
2. It is stated in the passage that______.
A. some parents are not prepared to have a child
B. young couples do not like children at all
C. working couples do not have much time to take care of their children
D. many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child
3. The transition to the mother’s role requires that the wife______.
A. change her lifestyle in a highly innovative way
B. make a complete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situation
C. stay at home to take care of the baby
D. help her husband in his remobilization process
4. Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared with mothers, ______.
A. have to shoulder more burdens
B. have to make more difficult adaptations
C. have an easier job to do
D. can usually do a better job
【参考答案】32.CABC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I have been passionate about sewing and fashion design since I was 12. Two years ago, I designed and made a set of outfits from recyclable materials for a charity fashion show. Through this highly meaningful and profound experience, I became aware of the importance of protecting and preserving our environment when designing and making fashion items, resulting in my founding an organization to promote eco — friendly, design and fashion.
My interest has led me to research areas of fashion that have environmental implications. For example , some popular clothing stores have announced marketing policies designed to improve the environment. For those of us who are eco - conscious, it is responsible for us to evaluate whether such policies are just a marketing promotion, or represent great efforts to protect our environment.
Three chain - stores, H&M, Urban Outfitters and Forever 21 ,have been promoting "green" items. After I examined their products, I have concluded that H&M and Urban Outfitters are truly helping the environment with their efforts, whil
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