人工流产事件的时间表.docx

人工流产事件的时间表.docx

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人工流产事件的时间表

人工流产Timeline:

1959

TheAmericanLawInstitute（ALI）proposesamodelpenalcodeforstateabortionlaws.Thecodeadvocateslegalizingabortionforreasonsincludingthementalorphysicalhealthofthemother,pregnancyduetorapeandincest,andfetaldeformity.

1967

Apr.25:

ColoradoGov.JohnA.Lovesignsthefirst"liberalized"ALI-modelabortionlawintheUnitedStates,allowingabortionincasesofpermanentmentalorphysicaldisabilityofeitherthechildormotherorincasesofrapeorincest.SimilarlawsarepassedinCalifornia,Oregon,andNorthCarolina.

1970

Apr.11:

NewYorkallowsabortionondemanduptothe24thweekofpregnancy,asGov.NelsonA.Rockefellersignsabillrepealingthestate's1830lawthatbannedabortionafterquickeningexcepttosaveawoman'slife.SimilarlawsarepassedinAlaska,Hawaii,andWashingtonstate.

1971

Apr.21:

TheU.S.SupremeCourtrulesonitsfirstcaseinvolvingabortioninUnitedStatesv.Vuitch,upholdingaDistrictofColumbialawpermittingabortiononlytopreserveawoman'slifeor"health."However,theCourtmakesitclearthatby"health"itmeans"psychologicalandphysicalwell-being,"effectivelyallowingabortionforanyreason.

1972

Byyear'sendatotalof13stateshaveanALI-typelaw.Fourstatesallowabortionondemand.Mississippiallowsabortionforrapeandincest[1966]whileAlabamaallowsabortionforthemother'sphysicalhealth[1954].However,31statesallowabortiononlytosavethemother'slife.

NewYorkrepealsits1970abortionlawbutGov.Rockefellervetoestherepeal.

1973

Jan.22:

TheU.S.SupremeCourtissuesitsrulinginRoev.Wade,findingthata"rightofprivacy"ithadearlierdiscoveredwas"broadenoughtoencompass"arighttoabortionandadoptingatrimesterschemeofpregnancy.Inthefirsttrimester,astatecouldenactvirtuallynoregulation.Inthesecondtrimester,thestatecouldenactsomeregulation,butonlyforthepurposeofprotectingmaternal"health."Inthethirdtrimester,afterviability,astatecouldostensibly"proscribe"abortion,provideditmadeexceptionstopreservethelifeand"health"ofthewomanseekingabortion.Issuedonthesameday,Doev.Boltondefines"health"tomean"allfactors"thataffectthewoman,including"physican,emotional,psychological,familial,andthewoman'sage."

May14:

TheNationalRighttoLifeCommitteeisincorporated.

June:

ThefirstNRLCConventionisheldinDetroit,gatheringactivistsfrompro-lifegroupsaroundthenationtoformwhathasbecomethelargestpro-lifeorganizationintheUnitedStates.

Nov.1:

ThefirstissueofNRLNewsispublished.

1974

Jan.22:

ThefirstMarchforLifeisheldinWashington,D.C.,ontheweststepsoftheCapitol.Thousandsofpro-lifershaveattendedtheMarchforLifeeveryyearontheanniversaryoftheRoev.Wadedecision.

Nov.6:

Pro-lifeSen.BobDole（R-Ks.）iselectedinthefirstmajorstatewidepoliticalbattleaftertheRoev.Wadedecision.Dole,withthehelpofnewlyformedgroupsofpro-lifeactivists,defeatsCongressmanWilliamRoy,adoctorwhoperformedabortions.

1975

Feb.15:

BostonabortionistKennethC.Edelinisfoundguiltyofmanslaughterforthedeathofanunbornchild.（SeealsoDec.17,1976.）

Mar.10:

ThefirstHumanLifeAmendmentisintroducedintheU.S.SenatebySens.JamesL.Buckley（Cons.-NY）andJesseHelms（R-NC）.

1976

Apr.28:

TheU.S.Senateconductsa"testvote"ontheHumanLifeAmendment.Theamendmentdraws40votes.Atwo-thirdsvote（67senators）isneededtoapproveaconstitutionalamendment.

June28:

ThefirstHydeAmendment,sponsoredbyRep.HenryHyde（R-Il.）,isapprovedbytheU.S.House.TheamendmenttotheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesappropriationsbillprohibitsMedicaidfundingofabortionswithnarrowexceptions.

July1:

InPlannedParenthoodofCentralMissouriv.Danforth,theU.S.SupremeCourtstrikesdownaMissourilawthatbannedtheuseofsalineamniocentesisasanabortionmethodandthatobligedamarriedwomanseekinganabortiontoobtainherhusband'sconsent.TheCourtalsoholdsthatstatescouldrequireaminortoobtainconsentofoneparentbeforeobtaininganabortion,butthelawmustcontaina"judicialbypass"optionforminorswhodonotwishtoobtainparentalconsent.

Dec.17:

ThemanslaughterconvictionofabortionistEdelinisoverturnedbytheMassachusettsSuperiorJudicialCourt,whichrulesthatlegalabortionsaremanslaughteronlyifthebabyisdefinitelyaliveoutsidethemother'sbody.

1977

Feb.:

MissionPossibleislaunched--aprojectofMinnesotaCitizensConcernedforLife,anNRLCstateaffiliate,toprovideorganizationaldevelopmentassistanceandmatchinggrant"seed"moneyfordevelopingstaterighttolifegroups,primarilyintheSoutheasternUnitedStates.

June20:

InMaherv.Roe,Bealv.Doe,andPoelkerv.Doe,theU.S.SupremeCourtholdsthatfederalandstategovernmentsareundernoobligationtofundabortioninpublicassistanceprograms,evenifchildbirthexpensesarepaidforindigentwomenandeveniftheabortionisdeemedtobe"medicallynecessary."

July:

NRLCPro-LifeLegalActionProjectisinitiatedtoprovideandfundthelegaldefenseforpro-lifelegislationandtoseekaffirmativelegalactiontoobtainthejudicialimplementationofpro-lifegoals.

1979

June:

Amajorpro-lifebookisreleased.Dr.BernardNathanson,theNationalAbortionRightsActionLeaguecofounderwhorenouncedthepro-abortionmovement,publishesAbortingAmerica,whichexposestheliesusedbyabortionsupportersintheirquesttooverturnlegislationprotectingunbornchildren.

Sept.15-16:

NationalRighttoLifePACisorganized.

1980

Jan.10:

NRLCfilesafriend-of-the-courtbriefwiththeU.S.SupremeCourtonbehalfoftheHydeAmendment.

June30:

InHarrisv.McRae,theU.S.SupremeCourtupholdstheHydeAmendment,rulingthatthereisnoconstitutionalrightforwomentoreceiveabortionsatpublicexpense.

Nov.4:

Republicanpro-lifecandidatesRonaldReaganandGeorgeBushdefeatpro-abortionPresidentJimmyCarterandVicePresidentWalterMondale.Inaddition,aremarkable11Senateseatsswitchedfromthepro-abortioncolumntothepro-lifecolumn.ItisthefirstyearNRLPACisinvolvedinelections.

1981

Mar.23:

InH.L.v.Matheson,theU.S.SupremeCourtapprovesaUtahparentalnotificationlaw.Thelawrequiresanabortionisttonotifytheparentsofaminorgirlwhoisstilllivingathomeasherparent'sdependentwhenanabortionisscheduled.

July9:

AU.S.SenatesubcommitteeapprovesabillsponsoredbySen.HelmsdesignedtochallengeRoev.Wade.（SeealsoSept.15,1982.）

Dec.16:

AU.S.SenatesubcommitteeapprovesaconstitutionalamendmentproposedbySen.OrrinHatch（R-Utah）declaringthattheConstitutionsecuresnorighttoabortion.（SeealsoSept.15,1982.）

1982

Mar.10:

TheSenateJudiciaryCommitteeapprovestheHatchAmendment,whichwouldgivethestatesandCongressjointauthoritytoregulateabortion.

Mar.27-28:

NRLCBoardofDirectorsadoptsaresolutionsupportingtheHatchAmendment,theHumanLifeBill,andtheNRLCUnityAmendment.

April.:

FrenchresearcherDr.Etienne-EmileBeaulieuofRousselUclafannouncesthatatestwasconductedusingtheabortifacientRU486toabort11women.

Sept.15:

TheHelmsbilltochallengeRoev.Wadeisblockedbyapro-abortionfilibusterintheU.S.Senate.

1983

June15:

InAkronv.AkronCenterforReproductiveHealth,theU.S.SupremeCourtstrikesdownstaterequirementsthatabortionsperformedafterthefirsttrimesterbedoneinahospital,women'srighttoknowlaws,andwaitingperiodsafterinformationisprovidedtothewomanseekingabortionbeforeshecanconsenttoanabortion.However,theCourtrulesthatstatesmayinsistthatonlylicensedphysiciansperformabortions.

June28:

TheU.S.SenaterejectstheEagleton-HatchAmendment,whichdeclared"arighttoanabortionisnotsecuredbytheConstitution,"byavoteof49-50.Atwo-thirdsvoteisrequiredtopassaconstitutionalamendment.

Nov.10:

TheU.S.CongressapprovestheAshbrookAmendment,barringtheuseoffederalemployeeshealthbenefitsprogramtopayforabortions,exceptforthelifeofthemother.

1984

June17:

TheReaganAdministrationannouncesthe"MexicoCityPolicy,"denyingfundstoforeignorganizationsthat"performoractivelypromoteabortionasamethodoffamilyplanninginothernations."

Nov.6:

Pro-lifePresidentReaganisreelected,defeatingthepro-abortionDemocraticticketofformerVicePresidentWalterMondaleandRep.GeraldineFerraro.

1985

Jan.7:

Pro-LifePerspective,NRLC'sdailyradioprogram,isfirstaired.

June:

NationalTeensforLifeisfounded.

July10:

U.S.HousereaffirmstheMexicoCityPolicybya45-votemargin.TheKemp/KastenAmendmentisalsoenacted,denyingU.S.population-assistancefundsto"anyorganizationorprogramwhich,asdeterminedbythePresident,supportsorparticipatesinthemanagementofaprogramofcoerciveabortionorinvoluntarysterilization."

July15:

U.S.JusticeDepartmentfilesafriend-of-the-courtbriefintheThornburghcaseurgingtheSupremeCourttooverturnRoev.Wade.

1986

June11:

InThornburghv.AmericanCollegeofObstetriciansandGynecologists,theU.S.SupremeCourtstrikesdownstatelawsmandatingthatanabortionistusethemethodmostlikelytoallowthechildtobebornaliveinpost-viabilityabortions.Italsostrikesdownwomen'srighttoknowlawsandawaitingperiodafterinformationisprovidedtothewomanseekingabortionbeforeshecanconsenttoanabortion.

Sept.17:

Sen.TedKennedy（D-Ma.）andotherleadingpro-abortionsenatorsfailinanattempttoblockPresidentReagan'spromotionof