届高考英语二轮题海特训营12阅读理解词义猜测四含答案.docx

届高考英语二轮题海特训营12阅读理解词义猜测四含答案.docx

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届高考英语二轮题海特训营12阅读理解词义猜测四含答案

阅读理解-词义猜测四

1、Whatisitthatmakespeoplelaugh?

MorethantwothousandyearsagotheancientGreekphilosopherAristotledefined（定义）jokesasthepleasurethatresultsfromafeelingoftriumph（胜利）byshowingwe'rebetterthansomeoneelseinacertainway.AccordingtoAristotleandmanyotherphilosophers,alljokesdependmainlyonshowinginferiorityinanotherpersonorgroupofpersons—thatis,puttingitclearly,onshowingthattheyareworseoffthanourselves.Jokesraiseourgoodopinionofourselvesatsomeoneelse'sexpense.

   Showinghowmuchbetterthanotherpeopleweareisonlyonereasonwelikejokes.Someonemayalsouseajoketoexpresstheirangerortheircrueltyoranyotherkindofactionthatisnotacceptabletous.Wefeelfreetolaughwhenwehearaboutsomeoneslidingonabananaskin.Thejokeletsusexpressthoseattitudeswhichareusuallyunacceptabletosociety.Thisisprobablythereasonwhysomeofthejokes,especiallythoseinvolvingcruelty,aresopopularwithcertainpeople.

   Besides,alljokesdependonourenjoymentoflaughingatsomethingthatisstrangeandoutofplacebecauseit'sdifferentfromthingswhicharehappeningaroundit.Thesamesituationcanbeeithersadorpleasant,dependingentirelyonhowstrangeandoutofplaceitis.Ifagirlinabathingsuitfallsintoaswimmingpool,wedon'tlaughbecausenothingunusualhashappened.Butifamaninasmartsuitfallsin,thesituationisatonceunusualinapleasantwayandwelaugh.Agoodjoke-tellerwillalwaystrytobuildupasituationinwhichonethingisexpecteduntilsomethingunexpectedsuddenlyhappens,andsowelaugh.

1.AccordingtoAristotle,alljokesdependmainlyon________.

A.showinginferiorityinanotherpersonorgroup

B.resultinginasenseofsuccess

C.havingagoodopinionofotherpeople

D.makingpeoplelaughunexpectedly

2.Theunderlinedword“inferiority”（inParagraph1）means________.

A.somethingthatisnotasgoodassomethingelse

B.somethingthatisbetterthansomethingelse

C.someonethatisnotasgoodassomeoneelse

D.someonethatisbetterthansomeoneelse

3.What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?

A.Showingwearebetterthanotherpeopleistheonlyonereasonwelikejokes.

B.Whenpeopleareangry,theywouldliketohearjokes.

C.Peoplewholikejokesareusuallycruel.

D.Toexpressthoseattitudesusuallyunacceptabletosocietyisoneofthereasonswelikejokes.

4.Whatwillagoodjoketelleralwaystrytodo?

2、   AnelephantinaSouthKoreanzooisusinghistrunktopickupnotonlyfood,butalsohumanvocabulary.

   AninternationalteamofscientistsconfirmedonFridaywhatEverlandZoohasbeensayingforyears:

Their5.5-tontuskerKoshikhasanunusualandpossiblyunprecedentedtalent.

   The22-year-oldAsianelephantcanreproducefiveKoreanwordsbytuckinghistrunkinsidehismouthtomodulatesound,thescientistssaidinajointpaperpublishedonlineinCurrentBiology.Theysaidhemayhavestartedimitatinghumanspeechbecausehewaslonely.

   Koshikcanreproduce“annyeong”（hello）,“anja”（sitdown）,“aniya’’（no）,“nuwo’’（liedown）and‘‘joa"（good）,thepapersays.

   OneoftheresearcherssaidthereisnoconclusiveevidencethatKoshikunderstandsthesoundshemakes,althoughtheelephantdoesrespondtowordslike"anja."

   ResearcherssaidtheclearestscientificevidencethatKoshikisdeliberatelyimitatinghumanspeechisthatthesoundfrequencyofhiswordsmatchesthatofhistrainers.

   Vocalimitationofotherspecieshasbeenfoundinmockingbirds,parrotsandmynahs.ButthepapersaysKoshik’scaserepresents“awhollynovelmethodofvocalproduction"becauseheuseshistrunktoreproducehumanspeech.

   ResearchersbelieveKoshik learnedtoreproducewordsoutofa desiretobondwithhistrainersafter hewasseparatedfromtwoother elephantsatage5.

   Koshikemergedasastar amonganimalenthusiastsandchildreninSouthKoreaafterEverlandZooclaimedin2006thathecouldimitatewords,twoyearsafterhistrainersnoticedthephenomenon.HisgrowingreputationpromptedAustrianbiologistAngelaStoeger-HorwathandGermanbiophysicistDanielMietchentostudyhimin2010,zooofficialssaid.

   KimJong-gab,Koshik’schieftrainer,saidtheelephantwastimidforamalewhenhefirstcametoEverlandZoo,sotrainersoftensleptinthesameareawithhim.KimthinksthatcontacthelpedKoshikfeelclosertohumans.

   KimsaidhehasanotherexpressionhewantstoteachKoshik:

“Saranghae”or“Iloveyou".

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthepossiblereasonwhyKoshikimitateshumanspeech?

A.Hefeelsverylonely.

B.Heearnsmoneyforhiszoo.

C.Hehasagiftforspeech.

D.Hewantstomakehistrainerhappy.

2.KoshikcanreproducethefollowingwordsEXCEPT _______.

A.annyeong

B.nuwo

C.Saranghae

D.joa

3.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat ________.

A.Koshikbegantoimitatehumanspeechin2006

B.Koshikisa22-year-oldAsianfemaleelephant

C.KimJong-gabisthemanagerofEverlandZoo

D.KoshikisastarinanimalenthusiastsandkidsinSouthKorea

4.Theunderlinedword“prompted"inthepassageprobablymeans _______.

A.caused

B.expanded

C.developed

D.changed

3、

DearAlcohol,

   You'vebeenaroundforever.Icanrememberallthepainyou'vecausedforme.

   Doyourememberthenightwhenyoualmosttookmyfather'slife?

Ido.Helovesyou.SometimesIthinkhelovesyoumorethanhelovesme.He'saddictedtoyou,tothewayyoupromisetoridhimofhisproblemsonlytocausemoreofthem.Youjustsatbackandlaughedashiscarwentspinningthroughthestreet,crashingintotwoothercars.Hewasn'ttheonlyonehurtbyyouthatnight.

   Doyourememberthenightofmyfirsthighschoolparty?

Youwerethere.Myfriendswereintriguedbyyou.Theytreatedyouasiftheywerenevergoingtoseeyouagain,drinkingallofyouthattheycould.Ispenttwohoursthatnighthelpingmyfriendswhohadfallencompletely.“I'msoembarrassed,”theysaidasIpattedthemonthebacksothattheycouldvomit（呕吐）.“I'msorry,”theysaidwhenIcalledtaxiesforthem,walkingthemoutandpayingthedriversinadvance.“Thiswon'thappenagain,”theysaidastheyweresenttothehospitaltohavetheirstomachspumped.Two15-year-oldgirlssleptinhospitalbedsthatnightthankstoyou.

   Doyourememberthenightwhenyoutookadvantageofmy17-year-oldneighborwhohadtodrivetopickuphissisterfromherdancelessons?

Doyouknowhowweallfeltwhenhehitanothercarandkilledthetwopeopleintheothercar?

Hediedthenextmorningtoo.Hissisterwalkedhomefromherdancelesson,andpassedpolicecarsandacrowdofpeoplegatheringonthesidewalkjusttwoblocksawayfromthedancestudio.Shedidn'trealizeherbrotherwasinthemidstofitatall.Sheneversawhimagain.Andit'sallyourfault.

  Iwishyou'dwalkoutofmylifeforever.Idon'twantanythingtodowithyou.Lookatallthepainyou'vecaused.Sure,you'vemadepeoplehappytoofromtimetotime.Butthedamageyou'vecausedinthelivesofmillionsisinexcusable.Stopluring（引诱）thepeopleIlove.Stophurtingme,please!

Sincerely,

Anonymous

1.Whatisauthor'spurposeinwritingtoalcohol?

A.TointroduceMr.Alcoholtothereaders.

B.Todescribetheharmalcoholdidtohisfamily.

C.Toshowhowmuchalcoholcanhurtpeople.

D.Totellpeoplethreesadstoriesaboutalcohol.

2.Whatdidalcoholdototheauthor'sfatherthatnight?

A.Itmadehimdrunkandtookhislifeaway.

B.Itgothimintotroubleandgothisstomachpumped.

C.Itmadehimkilltwootherpeoplewhendriving.

D.Itgothimintoacaraccidentandbadlyinjured.

3.Theunderlinedphrase“wereintriguedby”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“________”.

A.werefamiliarwith

B.wereinterestedin

C.weredisappointedby

D.weresatisfiedwith

4.Whatisthetoneofthearticle?

A.Critical.

B.Doubtful.

C.Unconcerned.

D.Humorous.

4、   Thesedays,drugscanbefoundeverywhere,anditmayseemlikeeveryone'sdoingthem.Lotsofpeoplearetempted（引诱）bytheexcitementorescapethatdrugsseemtooffer.Butlearningthefactsaboutdrugscanhelpyouseetherisksofchasingthisexcitementorescape.Here'swhatyouneedtoknow.

   Howdodrugswork?

Drugsarechemicalsorsubstancesthatchangethewayourbodieswork.Whenyouputthemintoyourbody（oftenbyswallowing,breathingin.orinjectingthem）,drugsfindtheirwayintoyourbloodstreamandaretransported（运输）topartsofyourbody,suchasyourbrain.Inthebrain,drugsmayeitherstrengthenordull（使迟钝）yoursenses,changeyoursenseofalertness（机敏）,andsometimesdecreasephysicalpain.

   Adrugmaybehelpfulorharmful.Theeffectsofdrugscanvarydependinguponthekindofdrugtaken,howmuchistaken,howoftenitisused,howquicklyitgetstothebrain,andwhatotherdrugs,food,orsubstancesaretakenatthesametime.Effectscanalsovarybasedonthedifferencesinbodysize,shape,andchemistry.

   Althoughsubstancescanfeelgoodatfirst,theycaneventuallydoalotofharmtothebodyandbrain.Drinkingalcohol,smokingtobacco,takingillegaldrugs,andsniffinggluecanallcauseseriousdamagetothehumanbody.Somedrugsseriouslyweakenapersonsabilitytomakehealthychoicesanddecisions.Teenswhodrink,forexample,aremorelikelytogetinvolvedin（卷入,陷入）dangeroussituations,suchasdrivingattopspeedundertheinfluenceorhavingunprotectedsex.

1.Theunderlinedword“chasing”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans________.

A.removing

B.seeking

C.keeping

D.holding

2.Drugsgetintoone’sbodythroughthefollowingwaysEXCEPT ________.

A.eating

B.breathing

C.feeling

D.injecting