四级应用文.docx

四级应用文.docx

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四级应用文

4.Writing

4.1WritingSkill

HowtoWriteanOrdinaryLetter

Lettersareimportantmeansofcommunication.Generallyspeaking,therearetwotypesofletters,businesslettersandpersonalletters.By“business”wedonotmeanbuying,selling,orexchanginggoodswithpeopleorcompaniesbutimportantmatterswehavetodiscussordealwith.Businesslettersmaybearecommendation,ajob/schoolapplication,aninquiry,ananswer,aninvitation,acomplaint,etc.inotherwords,allletterswhicharenot“personal”are“business”letters.

Generallyspeaking,anEnglishletterismainlycomposedofthefollowingparts:

1.Theheading（发信日期及写信人地址）

Theheadinggivesthefulladdressofthewriterandthedateoftheletter.Itisusuallywrittenortypedintheupperright-handcornerofthefirstpage.

TheBritishmayputacommaaftereachlineintheheadingandendtheaddresswithaperiod,buttheAmericandonot:

BritishAmerican

Ms.JenniferStone,Ms.JenniferStone,

20FairviewDrive,20FairviewDrive,

Eastbourne,BN182BU,Eastbourne,BN182BU,

EnglandEngland

2.Theinsideaddress（收信人姓名职称机构及地址）

Theinsideaddress,whichisoftenomittedinpersonalletters,givesthenameandfulladdressoftheaddressee.Itgoesabovethesalutation.Asintheheading,theuseornonuseofendpunctuationdependsonthepreferenceofthewriter.

3.Thesalutation（称呼）

Thesalutationisagreetingtotheaddressee.Itiswrittenflushwiththeleftmargintwospacesbelowtheinsideaddress.TheBritishtendtouseacommaafterthesalutationandtheAmericans,acolon,especiallyinabusinessletter.Thefirstname（Christianname）maybeusedinfriendlypersonalletters.Butinthesalutationofabusinessletter,thesurnameoftheaddresseeisused,asinthefollowingexamples:

DearProfessor/Prof.Smith:

/,

DearMr./Dr.Stein;/,

DearMs.Santos;/,（orDearMissSantos;/,）

DearMs.Singh;/,（orDearMrs.Singh;/,）

Inletterstoorganizations,ortopersonswhosenamesyoudonotknow,thefollowinggreetingsareused:

DearSir:

（orDearMadam:

orDearSirorMadam:

ifyoudonotknowthesexofyouraddressee）

Towhomitmayconcern:

（onlyfortestimonialsandthingsofthatknid）

Dearcolleague:

（toapersonwhoisofthesameprofessionasthewriter,andusuallyusedwhenyouaresendingacirculartomanypeople）

4.Thebody（本文）

Inthebodyoftheletter,allparagraphsshouldbeginflushwiththeleftmargin（theblockstyle）orbeginwithanequalindention（theintendedstyle）,andtheletterisusuallysingle-spacedwithintheparagraphanddoubleSpacedbetweenparagraphs.

5.Thecomplimentaryclose（结束语）

Theclosingofabusinessletterconsistsofthreeparts:

complimentaryclose,signature,andthetypedname.Inthecomplimentaryclose,onlythefirstwordiscapitalized.Thecloseisfollowedbyacomma.Theconventionalcomplimentaryclosesinbusinesslettersare:

“Yourstruly,”“Yourssincerely,”“Sincerelyyours,”“Sincerely,”“Cordiallyyours,”“Yourscordially,”.

Thecloseofapersonalletterisofamorefreechoice.“Affectionately,”“Fondly,”“Yourswithlove,”“Withbestwishes,”“Love,”“Yours,”“Asever,”etc.,canbeusedapartfrom“Yourssincerely,”“Yourstruly,”etc.;whichoneoftheseyouusedependsonyourexactrelationshipwiththeaddressee.

Theclosingcanbeputeitherontheright-handsideorleft-handsideofthepage.Somewritersevenprefertohaveitinthemiddleortwospacesbelowthelastlineoftheletter.

6.Thesignature（写信人署名签字）

Inabusinessletterthehandwritingsignatureisplacedbetweenthecomplimentarycloseandthetypednameofthewriter,andthewriter’sofficialcapabilityisindicated

afterthetypedname.

Inapersonalletter,youmaysignyourfullname.Yourfirstname,orevenanicknameinaccordancewithyourrelationshipwiththeaddressee.Inyousendalongwithyourlettersuchthingsasaresume,acheck,areceipt,etc.,writeEnclosure（s）orEnc.toremindtheaddresseethatbesidestheletter,thereisanothermaterialintheenvelope.

Ifyouhappentohavesomethingadditionaltosayafteryouhavefinishedtheletter,youmaybeginwithP.S.,whichstandsfor“postscript”,andthenwritewhatyou

wishtoadd.

4.2WritingPractice

4.2.1BefamiliarwiththeformatoftheEnglishletter

Directions:

Readthefollowinglettercarefully.TrytogetmorefamiliarwitheachpartofanEnglishletter.

EnglishDepartment

BeijingForeignStudiesUniv.

Beijing,100081

China

Sept.5,1993

Editor

NewsweekInternational

444MadisonAvenue

NewYork,NY10022

U.S.A.

DearEditor:

IreadinNewsweek（September14,1987）thatanupdatedsecondeditionoftheunabridgedRandomHouseDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageisbeingpublished.IwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeinformationonwhereandhowIcangetacopyofthedictionaryandifthereisalessexpensiveeditionthantheonedescribed.

Thankyouforanyhelpyoucangiveme.

Sincerely,

（Signature）

LinHuafeng

4.Writing

4.1WritingSkill

Howtowritealetterofapplication

Thepurposeofaletterofapplicationistohelptheapplicantobtainthejobheisinterestedin.Itshouldstateclearlywhatpositiontheapplicantwants,andshouldtellwhathisabilitiesarewhathehastooffer.Itshouldprovideaquick,clearpictureoftheapplicant’squalifications,accomplishmentandaims.Itshouldpresenttheapplicanttopossibleemployeesinthebestlight.

Basicstructure

Theopening,inwhichyou

•Explainhowyouheardaboutthevacancy;

•Specifythejobyouareseeking;

•Introduceyourself.

Thesalespitch,inwhichyou

•Firstsaysomethingaboutyourselfthatwillmakeyourreaderwanttogoonreading;

•Thenanswerthequestion“whyyou”ofalltheapplicationsorresumestheyhavereceivedbystatingyouraccomplishmentsandabilities;

•thentellthemyougenuinelywanttoworkforthecompany/organization,etc.

Thecallforaction,inwhichyou

•Suggestwhatyouwilldotofollowup;

•Requestaninterview.

Theclosing,inwhichyouendtheletterinabusiness-likemannerby

•Using“sincerely（yours）”.

Usefulexpressions

1）Applicationsforentrytoacollege

Iamwritingtoaswhetheryoucouldsendmesomeinformationaboutyourcollegeandfortheapplicationforms…

IamwritingtoyouinthehopethatImayobtainanopportunitytodograduatestudyinouruniversity…

2）Applicationforjobs

Iseefromyouradvertisementinyesterday’sChinaDailythat…

Iaminterestedinthepost/Ishouldliketoapplyforthepostofwhichyouadvertisedinyesterday’sChinaDaily…

Ishouldverymuchliketobeconsideredforthepostof…whichwasadvertisedin…

vIamlookingforajobas…,andwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsidermeforsuchapostinyourfirm.

Thankyouforyourtimeandconsideration.

Icancomeforaninterviewatanytimeconvenienttoyou.

Ilookforwardtoyourearlyreply/theinterview.

IlookforwardtohearingfromyouandIdohopeIshallhavetheopportunityofaninterview.

4.2WritingPractice

4.2.1learntowriteanapplicationletterfromtheexample

Directions:

Youwanttoapplyforthefollowingjob:

waiter/waitressrequiredforeveningwork.WritealettertoMr.Henry（theboss）to:

1）showyourinterestintheposition,

2）explainwhyyouwouldbesuitableforthejob,

3）lookforwardtothepossibleinterviewwithhim.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.

DearMr.Henry,

Iamwritingtoexpressmyinterestinyourrecentlyadvertisedpositionforawaitress.Enclosedwiththisletterismyresume,whichfurtherdetailsmypreviousworkexperienceandqualifications.

First,notonlydomyqualificationsandworkexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidateforthejob,mypersonalityiswellsuitedtoworkingasawaitress.Second,Iamaveryfriendlypersonwhocanquicklyestablishrapportwithpeopleofallages.Last,thefast-pacedenvironmentofwaitingontablessuitesmewellbecauseIthriveonworkingunderpressure.

Iwouldliketomeetwithyouatyourearliestconvenience,todiscussthepossibilityofworkingatyourrestaurant.Thankyouforyourconsiderationofmyapplication.Ilookforwardtomeetingyouinthenearfuture.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

4.2.2Writealetterasrequired

Directions:

Beingavolunteerforthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesisyourstrongwish.Writealetterabout150wordstotheBeijingOlympicCommitteeto

1）stateyourapplicationtobeavolunteer,

2）describeyourqualifications,

3）expresstheappreciationofaninterview.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.

SampleWriting

DearSirorMadam,

Iamwritingtoexpressmygreatinterestinthe“OlympicVolunteerRecruitment”launchedrecentlybytheBeijingOlympicCommittee,andIwouldliketoapplyasaqualifiedcandidate.

AsIamanEnglishmajor,myfluencyinbothMandarinandEnglish,aswellasmybasiccommandofFrench,guaranteesthatImeetthelanguagerequirementforthevariousvolunteerpositions.Moreimportantly,Ihavebeenanenthusiasticparticipantinmanyinternationalexchangeprograms―whicharereflectedinmyattachedresume―andtherefore,Ibelievemycommunicationskillsmakemecompetentforsuchapost.

Shouldyougrantmeaninterview,Iwouldbemostgrateful.

Yourstruly,

LiMing

4.Writing

4.1WritingSkill

HowtoWriteanInvitationLetter

Invitationletterscanbedividedintotwocategoriesasformalandinformalones.Whethertouseformalorinformalinvitationdependsonthespecificeventandtheintimacybetweentheinviterandtheinvitee.Aninvitationlettershouldbebriefand