11春翻译课程备考宝典.docx
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11春翻译课程备考宝典
GetreadyforthefinalexamsofEnglish/ChineseTranslation（1&2）
OftheSpringTerm2011
1.Whathaveyoulearnedabouttheexams?
（课程平台>课程课件>开篇单元>考核说明和样题）
●Objectives
●Focuses
●Items,theirsourcesandmarkingcriteria
●Scoreallocation
●Timemanagement
部分
题型
各单项分数
在课程终结考试中所占的比例
时间（分钟）
翻译理论理解
正误判断/填空题（课本）
10
100％
15
短语翻译
单项选择（课外）
25
20
翻译短语（课本）
句子翻译
翻译句子（5句课本；5句课外）
30
25
短文翻译
翻译短文一（课外）
35
60
翻译短文二（课本）
部分
题型
各单项分数
在课程终结考试中所占的比例
时间（分钟）
单句翻译
翻译单句（5句课本；5句课外）
40
100％
20
段落翻译
翻译段落一（课外）
30
50
翻译段落二（课本）
短文翻译
翻译短文（课外）
30
50
2.Whatarethekeypointsofeachunitineachcourserespectively?
（课程平台>课程资源>单元重点或本节目提纲后的附录>课程论坛里“课程重点”贴子下的单元PPT提供关于单元重点的进一步解释和更多例子）
●单元重点只是提纲契领的要点总结，需要在它们的指领下，阅读课本中的相关内容，这对参加翻译
（1）中的理论内容考试尤为重要。
对于翻译
（2）的要点总结，建议浏览并在翻译实践中注意运用就可以。
3.Whatarethesourcesoftheexamitemsfromthetextbooks?
（考试中来自课本的考题范围）
●翻译1
⏹翻译理论理解正误判断题:
翻译1课本1-8单元中的Activity1&2，除此之外，还要关注第1和第6单元的Activity3，以及第7和第8单元的Activity4
⏹短语翻译题:
翻译1课本1-8单元中的短语和句子翻译练习
⏹单句翻译题：
翻译1课本1-8单元中的句子翻译练习,特别关注第1、2、3、4和7单元
⏹段落翻译练习：
翻译1课本1-8单元中的Activity5,特别关注第4、5和6单元
●翻译2
⏹单句翻译题：
翻译2课本1-8单元中的Activity1,特别关注第2、3、5、6和7单元
⏹段落翻译题：
翻译2课本1-8单元中的Activity3,特别关注第1、2和3单元
4.Whatskillscanhelpyoubettercopewiththeexams?
（课程平台>课程课件>复习单元>考试技巧）
5.Whatstepscanyoufollowinyourpreparationfortheexams?
（课程平台>课程课件>复习单元>复习方法）
●Reviewingthekeypoints
⏹Itisnecessarytoreviewtheobjectivessetoutatthebeginningofeachunit,becausetheygiveyouthecluesofwhatyouaretobetestedoninthefinalexam.
⏹Whenreviewingsuchobjectives,youareadvisedtoaskyourselfhowwellyouhavegotalongwitheachofthem.
⏹Ifyoufeelyouarestillweakatsomeofthem,thentheyshallbethefocusofyourpreparatoryworkforthefinalexam.
●Identifyingandstrengtheningtheweakpoints
⏹Redotherelevantexercisesinthetextbook.
⏹Compareyourtranslationswiththekeys,andseeiftheyaresimilarordifferent.
⏹Readthecomments,findoutwhyyourtranslationsaredifferentfromthekeys,ifthisisso,andunderlineorsummarizeanylearningpointsthatarenewtoyou.
⏹Dosomesupplementaryexercisesinothertextbooks.
●Sittingforamockexam
⏹Familiarizeyourselfwiththeformatandtimemanagementofthefinalexam.
⏹Createconfidenceifyouperformedsatisfactorily.
⏹Takeupcertainlast-minuteremedialmeasuresonceyouwerenotdoingfine,likereviewingtheunitconcernedordoingfurtherexercises.
祝您考试成功！
单元要点总结请见下页附件。
Appendix1:
Unit-basedkeypointsofTranslation
（1）
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
1:
StartwithParadoxes
Activity1
（1）Difficultiesintranslating:
comprehensionandexpression
（2）Nidaandhisperspectivestowardtranslating--meaningismoreimportantthanform
literalness;faithfulness;thesourcetext;paraphrase
Activity2/Task1
（1）DifferencesinlexiconsbetweenEnglishandChinese;
（2）Somewordsshareexactlythesamemeaning.（propernames,technicalterms,thenamesofsomeeverydayobjects）
designativemeaning;associativemeaning;thetargetlanguage;connotation;
Activity2/Task2
Mostwordsdonotsharethesamemeaning
Activity2/Task3,4,5
Wordsusuallyhavemorethanonemeaning,especiallywhenusedintheircombinationwithotherwords.
Activity3
WhatkindsofEnglish/Chinesephrasestendtobemovedintranslatingrespectively?
Changingthepositionsofsomephrases
Activity4
Changingwordsorphrasesintosentences
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unit2:
Goontoanewconcept
Activity1/Task1
（1）thenatureoftranslating
（2）thepurposeoftranslating（3）differentperspectivesinvaluingtranslating（4）Meaningandstyle
thesourcelanguage;thereceptorlanguage（thetargetlanguage）;contentratherthanword-for-wordtranslation
Activity2
（1）differencesinclauseorder:
theattributive;theadverbial
（2）thepositionsoftheattributive
（3）thepositionsoftheadverbial--place/timeadverbial
Activity3
thepartofspeech
Changingthepartofspeech（E>C）
nounsasverbs
prepositionsasverbs
verbsasnouns
Activity4
Mainclause
Mainclausefirst（E>C）
Activity5
translatingadiplomaticspeech
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unit3:
Dosomegrammaticalanalysis
Activity1/Task1
three-stageprocedureintranslating
thesurfacestructure;transfer;restructuring
Activity1/Task2
grammardoeshavemeanings
grammaticalmeaning;referentialmeaning
Activity1/Task2-Task3
asamegrammaticalconstructiondoesnotnecessarilyindicatethesamemeaning
connotativemeaning
Activity1/Task4
thesamemeaningcanbeexpressedinmanydifferentways,withsomeslightdifferencesduetotheshiftoffocusinasentence
Activity2
differencesintheformsofnounsbetweenEnglishandChinese
pluralformandsingularform
countablenounsanduncountablenouns
highlightthepluralformwhentranslatingfromEnglishtoChinese
Activity3
changingthepartofspeech
nounsasadjectives
adjectivesasadverbs
nounsasadverbs
Activity4
changingthepositionsofthemajorcomponents
Activity5
translatingascientificwriting
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unite4:
Lookintoreferentialmeanings
Activity1
themeaningofawordismadeclearerbysyntacticmarkingandsemotacticmarking
syntacticmarking;semotacticmarking
Activity2
differencesinusingpronounsbetweenEnglishandChinese
whentranslatingEnglishtoChinese,leavingoutunnecessarypronouns
whentranslatingChinesetoEnglish,addingpronouns
Activity3
WhentranslatingEnglishtoChinese,addwordstomakethetargetlanguageloyalandsmooth
addingverbs
addingadjectives/adverbs
addingnouns
addinginterjections
Activity4
changingphrasesintosentenceswhentranslatingfromEnglishtoChinese
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unit5:
Focusonconnotativemeaning
Activity1
connotativemeaninganditsrelationshipwithgrammaticalmeaningandreferentialmeaning
Connotativemeaning
Wheredoestheconnotativemeaningfrom?
Measuringtheconnotativemeaningbyvaluesandlevelsoflanguage
Activity2
DifferencesinverbstensebetweenEnglishandChinese
PayingattentiontoverbtenseswhentranslatingEnglishtoChinese
theEnglishtenses
Activity3
Repeatingkeywordsintranslation
repeatingthenouns
repeatingtheverbs
repeatingthepronouns
Activity4
LongEnglishsentences
breakinglongEnglishsentencesintoseveralshortsentences
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unit6:
Transferfromthesourcelanguage
Activity1
thesecondstageoftranslation:
transfer
form;content;
therelationshipbetweentheformofamessageanditscontentandimplicationsfortranslation
semanticadjustments;structuraladjustments
Activity2
differencesinpassiveconstructionbetweenEnglishandChinese
considerusingactivevoicewhentranslatingEnglishpassivevoice;considerusingpassivevoicewhentranslatingChineseactivevoice;considerusing"把,使,将,由"structuretotranslateEnglishpassivevoice
fourcircumstanceswherepassivevoiceisusedinEnglish
marksofChinesepassivevoices
Activity3
WhentranslatingEnglishtoChinese,someunnecessarywordscanbeleftoutdependingonthecontexts
leavingoutunnecessaryconjunctions
leavingoutunnecessaryarticles
leavingoutunnecessaryprepositions
Activity4
usingfourcharacterChinesephrasesinyourtranslation
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unit7:
Restructureinthereceptorlanguage
Activity1
thethirdstageoftranslation:
restructuring
theproducerlanguage;theconsumerlanguage
Activity1/Task1
varietiesofstyles
Activity1/Task2
majordifferencesbetweenthewrittenstyleandtheoralstyleandreasonsbehindthosedifferences
sociologicalfactors;situationalfactors
sociologicalfactorsaffectinglinguisticvariation
differentlevelsoflanguageandtheircharacteristicsintermsofsituationalfactorsrespectively
Activity1/Task3
differenttypesofdiscourseandtheircomponents
universalsofdiscourse
Activity2
translatinglongsentenceswithsubjectclausesandobjectclauses
subjectclauses;objectclauses
subjectclausesandobjectclausesintroducedbyimpersonal"it"
changingthepositionsofsubjectorobjectclauses
Activity3
differencesinusingpositiveandnegativewaysofexpressinganidea
donotsticktotheoriginalformofpositiveornegativeexpressionsinthesourcelanguagewhentranslating
Activity4
dealingwithidiomsinthesourcetexts
translatingliterally
usingreadyidiomsinthereceptorlanguage
bringingouttheimpliedmeaningofanidiom
UnitNo.
ActivityNo./TaskNo.
Importantpoints
ImportantWords/ConceptsRequiringDefinition/TranslatingSkills
Unit8:
Testthefinalwork
Activity1
howtotestthetranslation
dynamicequivalence
Activity1/Task1
typesofexpansionsandreductionsintranslation
Activity1/Task2
proceduresoftesting
threewaysoftestingyourtranslation
Activity1/Task3
criteriaforagoodtranslation
Activity2
Engl
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