医学英语阅读理解练习.docx

医学英语阅读理解练习.docx

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医学英语阅读理解练习

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Thecommoncoldistheworld'smostwidespreadillness，whichisplagues（疫病）thatfleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacy（谬误）ofallisthatcoldscausedbycold.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyviruses（病毒）passingonfrompersontoperson.Youcatchacoldbycomingintocontact，directlyorindirectly，withsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.Ifcoldcausescolds，itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches（战壕），coldandwet，showednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentrationcamp（奥斯维辛集中营），nakedandstarving，wereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEngland，volunteerstookpartinExperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftime.Aftertakinghotbaths，theyputonbathingsuits，allowedthemselvestobewithcoldwater，andthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.Notoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnose.If，then，coldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcolds，whyaretheymorefrequentinthewinter？

Despitethemostpains-takingresearch，noonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimes，andthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.Noonehasyetfoundacureforthecold.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressors（止痛片）suchasaspirin，butalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms（症状）。

   1.Thewriteroffered_______examplestosupporthisargument.

   A.4  B.5  C.6  D.3

   2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththechosenpassage？

   A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetime.

   B.Coldsarenotcausedbycold.

   C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.

   D.Apersonmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.

   3.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen_______.

   A.theyareworkingintheisolatedarcticregions

   B.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweather

   C.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedarcticregions

   D.theyarecomingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld

   4.VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit_______.

   A.sufferedalot      

   B.nevercaughtcolds

   C.oftencaughtcolds    

   D.becameverystrong

   5.Thepassagemainlydiscusses_______.

   A.theexperimentsonthecommoncold

   B.thefallacyaboutthecommoncold

   C.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcolds

   D.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds

   「答案解析」本文通过大量事例证明感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒感染引起的。

   1.B.细节题。

根据由第2段的两个例子、第3段的1个例子和第4段的两个例子可知B为正确选项。

   2.C.细节题。

根据Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimes，andthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon可知人们得感冒不是因为喜欢呆在家里，而是因为经常呆在一起病毒更容易感染，故选C.

   3.D.细节题。

根据Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes可知北极地区探险者是因为与外界接触后才得感冒的，故选D.

   4.A.细节题。

根据Aftertakinghotbaths，theyputonbathingsuits，allowedthemselvestobewithcoldwater，andthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion可知志愿者要遭受极大的痛苦，故选A.5.C.主旨题。

阅读全文可知本文首先用大量事例从不同的侧面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的，最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因。

由此可知C为正确答案。

2009年高考英语阅读理解专项训练。

附详解（医学类）

（1）

   NorthernEuropeansspendalotoftimeintheircoldandcloudywintersplanningtheirsummerholidays.Theyareproudoftheirhealthycolorwhentheyreturnhomeaftertheholiday.Buttheyalsoknowthatacertainamountofsunshineisgoodfortheirbodiesandgeneralhealth.InancientGreecepeopleknewaboutthehealing（治疗）powersofthesun，butthisknowledgewaslost.AttheendofthenineteenthcenturyaDanishdoctor，NielsFinsen，begantostudytheeffectofsunlightoncertaindiseases，especiallydiseasesoftheskin.Hewasinterestednotonlyinnaturalsunlightbutalsoinartificially（人造地）producedrays.Sunlightbegantoplayamoreimportantpartincuringsickpeople.ASwissdoctor，AugusteRollier，madefulluseofthesuninhishospitalatLysine.LysineisasmallvillagehighupintheAlps.Thepositionisimportant：

theraysofthesunwiththegreatesthealingpoweraretheinfra-red（红外线的）andultra-violet（紫外线的）rays；butultra-violetraysaretooeasilylostinfogandthepollutedairnearindustrialtowns.Dr.Rollerfoundthatsunlight，freshairandgoodfoodcureagreatmanydiseases.Hewasparticularlysuccessfulincuringcertainformsoftuberculosiswithhis"sun-cure".TherewerealargenumberofchildreninDr.Roller'shospital.Hedecidedtostartaschoolwheresickchildrencouldbecuredandatthesametimecontinuetolearn.Itwasnotlongbeforehisschoolwasfull.Inwinter，wearingonlyshorts，socksandboots，thechildrenputontheirskisafterbreakfastandleftthehospital.Theycarriedsmalldesksandchairsaswellastheirschoolbooks.Theirteacherledthemoverthesnowuntiltheyreachedaslopewhichfacedthesunandwasfreefromcoldwinds.Theretheysetouttheirdesksandchairs，andschoolbegan.Althoughtheyworehardlyanyclothes，Roller'spupilswereveryseldomcold.Thatwasbecausetheirbodieswerefullofenergywhichtheygotfromthesun.Butthedoctorknewthatsunshinecanalsobedangerous.If，forexample，tuberculosisisattackingthelungs，unwisesunbathingmaydogreatharm.Todaythereisnotjustoneschoolinthesun.ThereareseveralinSwitzerland，andsinceSwitzerlandisnottheonlycountrywhichhastherightconditions，therearesimilarschoolsinotherplaces.

    1.Accordingtothepassage，whendidsunlightbegintoplayamoreimportantpartinthetreatmentofdisease？

   A.Fromancienttimes.   

   B.Attheendofthenineteenthcentury.

   C.Notuntilthiscentury.  

   D.Onlyveryrecently.

   2.WhyareaDanishdoctorandaSwissdoctormentionedinthesecondandthirdparagraphs？

   A.Becausetheybothmadeuseofsunlighttotreatillness.

   B.Becausetheywerethefirstpeoplewhousedsunlightfortreatment.

   C.BecausetheywerebothfamousEuropeandoctors.

   D.Becausetheyusedsunlightinverydifferentways.

   3.DrRollersetupa"sun-cure"schoolprobablyforthereasonthat_______.

   A.mostchildrencouldstayinhishospital

   B.childrencouldstudywhilebeingtreated

   C.theschoolwasexpectedtobefullofpupils

   D.theschoolwashighupinthemountains

   4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthepassage？

   A."Sun-cure"schoolsarebecomingpopulareverywhere.

   B.Switzerlandistheonlycountrywhere"sun-cure"schoolsarepopular.

   C.Properconditionsarenecessaryfortherunningofa"sun-cure"school.

   D."Sun-cure"schoolsarefoundincountrieswherethereisalotofsunshine.

   「答案与解析」本文介绍了利用日光治病的历史与发展。

   1.B.细节题。

根据文章第2段第2句AttheendofthenineteenthcenturyaDanishdoctor，NielsFinsen，begantostudytheeffectofsunlightoncertaindiseases…可推知此题答案为B.

   2.A.推断题。

根据文章第二、三段可推知此题答案为A.

   3.B.推断题。

根据文章第4段第2句…wheresickchildrencouldbecuredandatthesametimecontinuetolearn可推知此题答案为B.

   4.C.推断题。

根据文章最后一句Switzerlandisnottheonlycountrywhichhastherightconditions…可推知此题答案为C.

2011职称英语卫生类阅读新增文章第二十四篇 PreventingChildMaltreatment

　　Childmaltreatmentisaglobalproblemwithseriouslife-longconsequences.Therearenoreliableglobalestimatesfortheprevalenceofchildmaltreatment.Dataformanycountries,especiallylow-and-middle-incomecountries,arelacking.

　　Childmaltreatmentiscomplexanddifficulttostudy.Currentestimatesvarywidelydependingonthecountryandthemethodofresearchused.Nonetheless,internationalstudiesrevealthatapproximately20%ofwomenand5-10%ofmenreportbeingsexuallyabusedaschildren,while25-50%ofallchildrenreportbeingphysicallyabused.Additionally,manychildrenaresubjecttoemotionalabuse（sometimesreferredtoaspsychologicalabuse）.

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　　Everyyear,thereareanestimated31,000homicidedeathsinchildrenunder15.Thisnumberunderestimatesthetrueextentoftheproblem,asasignificantproportionofdeathsduetochildmaltreatmentareincorrectlyattributedtofalls,burnsanddrowning.

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