学年甘肃省武威第五中学高二英语下学期第一次检测试题有答案.docx

学年甘肃省武威第五中学高二英语下学期第一次检测试题有答案.docx

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学年甘肃省武威第五中学高二英语下学期第一次检测试题有答案

甘肃省武威第五中学2017-2018学年高二英语下学期第一次检测试题

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Todaywetalkaboutatimewhenhalftheworldiswakingfromthedark,coldwintermonths.Spring!

Weoftendescribe“spring”asatimeofrebirth,renewalandawakening.Manytreesareblossomingandearlyflowersarepushingthroughtheearth.Thingsarecomingtolife!

Buttheword“spring”isnotjustaseason.Itisalsoaverbthatmeanssomethinggoingonorcomingoutquickly.Whenyouput“spring”and“life”together,youwillget“springtolife”.Thisexpressionmeanssomethingsuddenlybecomesveryactiveorperhapsseemsmorealive!

Youmay“springtolife”afterhearingthatadistantfriendwillbevisitingyou.Ormaybeyourfavoritesoccerteamfinally“sprangtolife”inthesecondhalf,playedwellandwonthematch.

Now,besidesbeingaseasonandaverbthenoun“spring”referstoametalcoil（线圈）thatiswoundtightly.Whenthecoilunwinds,itoftenjumps.So,weoftensayaperson“hasaspringinhisstep”ifheislivelyandactive.Hemightevenappeartojump,orbouncealittlewhenhewalks.

Thereisanotherwayweuse“spring”asadescription.Inthecaseofa“springchicken”,“spring”meansyoung.However,“springchicken”isalsoaninformal,humorouswaytorefertosomeonewhoisn’tyoungatall.So,weusethisexpressioninthenegativeform,asin“nospringchicken”.Forexample,let’ssayyouknowan83-year-oldmanwhodecidestorunamarathon,eventhoughhehasneverexercisedbefore.Youcouldsay,“That’samazing!

Afterall,he’snospringchicken.”

Butbecarefulwhenusingthisexpression.Itcouldbealittledisrespectful.Let’ssayyourbossshowsyouapictureofhiswife,andyousay,“Wow,she’snospringchicken.”Thatresponsewouldbedisrespectfulandabadcareermove.

1.Whatdoes“spring”meanintheexpression“springtolife”?

A.Theseasonafterwinter.B.Beingyoungandhealthy.

C.Atightlywoundmetalcoil.D.Tooccurorappearquickly.

2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A、Theoriginoftheword“spring”

B.Themeaningoftheseason“spring”.

C.Someexpressionswiththeword“spring”.

D.Somecharacteristicsoftheseason“spring”.

3.Howdoessomeonefeelwhenhe“hasaspringinhisstep”？

A.AngryB.SurprisedC.HappyD.Frightened

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Beingyoungisagreatadvantageincareerdevelopment.

B.Womenmayfeeloffendedwhendescribedas“nospringchicken”.

C.Using“spring-related”expressionsinconversationsseemsimpolite.

D.Expressionswiththeword“spring”arealwaysdisrespectfultoothers.

B

Iamoftenhomesick.Ihavelearnedsomethingaboutmyselffromit.ImovedfromLongIslandtoFloridathreeyearsago.EventhoughIownahomeinPortSt.Luciejustminutesfromtheocean,anuncontrollableurgewellsuptoreturntoLongIslandevenasothersmaketheirwaysouth.IguessIamasnowbirdstuckinreverse.InsteadofenjoyingFlorida’smilderwinters,IwillinglybearthesevereweatheronLongIsland,theplaceIcalledhomefor63years.

I’mlikeamigratorybird（候鸟）thathaslostitssenseoftiminganddirection,mywingsflappingagainstseason.

Sowhatmakesmeflyagainstthetideofsnowbirds?

TheanswerhasalottodowithmyreluctancetogiveupthethingsthatdefinewhoIam.OnceIhearthatthetemperatureonLongIslandhasdippedintotherangeof40to30degrees,Ibegintolongforthesightandcracklingsoundofawoodfire.Ialsolongforthebrightdisplayofcolors-firstinthefalltrees,andtheninthelightsaroundhomesandatRockefellerCenter.Floridiansdecorate,too,butcan’tcreatethespecialfeelofaNewEnglandwinter.

IsupposethebiggestreasonwhyIreturnistocelebratetheholidayswithpeopleIhaven’tseeninmonths.WhatcouldbebetterthansittingwithfamilyandfriendsforaThanksgivingturkeydinner,orwatchingneighbors’childrenexcitedlyopengiftsonChristmas?

Eventhefirstsnowfallseemsspecial.Iespeciallyenjoyseeingabrightredbirdsettlingonasnow-coveredbranch.（MywifeandIspendwintersataretirementcommunityinRidge,andI’mgratefulthatIdon’thavetoshovel.）

WhilethesesimplepleasuresarenotuniquetoLongIsland,theyaresomeofthereasonswhyIcomeback.Whosaysyoucan’tgohome?

5.What’sthedifferencebetweenFloridaandLongIsland?

A.WintersinFloridaaremilder.

B.ThesnowbirdsinFloridaarerarer.

C.WeatherinFloridaisseverer.

D.Floridaisnearertotheocean.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reluctance”inParagraph3mean?

A.Coincidence.B.Expectation.

C.Unwillingness.D.Motivation.

7.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?

A.Homesickandeasy-going.

B.Hard-workingandserious.

C.Imaginativeandoutspoken,

D.Anxiousandpainful.

8.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Todescribehisdreamtobeafreebird.

B.Toexpresshisfeelingofmissinghishometown.

C.Topraisethebeautyandwarmthofhisfamilylife.

D.Toexplainthereasonsformovingfromhishometown.

C

Inthepastmanystudiesplaced toomuch emphasis onhowanimals aretrainedtolearn.Butrecentlymoreandmorestudieshavefocusedonhowanimalsequipthemselvestolearn.

Onestudy startedwith aschoolfieldtriptoapineforest wheremanypineconeswerediscovered,stripped（剥壳）tothecentral core. Sotheinvestigationwasdirectedatfindingoutwhatwaseatingthepineseedsandhowtheymanagedtogetthemoutofthecones. Theculpritprovedtobethe blackrat,andthe technique wastobiteeachcone frombasetotop, followingthegrowthpatternofthecone.

Urbanblackratswerefoundtolacktheskill.However,babiesofurbanmotherscross-fosteredbystrippermothersacquiredtheskill, whereas babiesofstrippermothersfosteredbyanurbanmothercouldnot.Clearlytheskillhadtobelearnedfromthemother.Inthecaseofrats,theyoungsterstakeconesawayfromthemotherwhensheisstilleatingthem,allowingthemto acquire thestrippingskill.

Anotherstudy,BirdBehaviour,providesadifferentviewoftheadaptivenessofsociallearning.Itconcernstheseedcaching（hiding）behaviourofClark’s Nutcracker andtheMexicanJay.Theformerisaspecialist,cachingabout30,000seedsinscatteredlocationsthatitwill recover overthemonthsofwinter;theMexicanJaywillalsocachefoodbutismuchlessdependentonthisthantheNutcracker.Thetwospeciesalsodifferintheirsocial structure:

 theNutcrackerpreferslivingalonewhile,theJay,insocialgroups.

Theexperimentistodiscoverifabirdcanrememberwhereithidaseedbutalsoifitcanrememberwhereitsawanotherbirdhideaseed.The design is funnywithacacherbirdhidingfoodinaroom,while watched bya cagedobserver bird.Twodayslater,cachersandobserversaretestedfortheirdiscoveryrateagainstestimatedrandomperformance（预估随机表现）.Bothcachersperformedabovechance.Moresurprisingly,jayobserverswereassuccessfulasjaycachers,whereas nutcrackerobserversdidnobetterthanchance.Itseemsthat, whereas theNutcrackerishighly skilled atrememberingwhereithiditsownseeds,thesociallivingMexicanJayismoreadeptatremembering,andsomakinguseof,thecachesofothers.

9.Urbanblackratswereabletolearntostripwhen.

A.fedbystrippermothersB.fosteredbyurbanmothers

C.livingwithstripperbabiesD.eatingconesbythemselves

10.InBirdBehaviorStudy,wecanconcludethat.

A.nutcrakerobserversperformwellinremembering

B.theClark’sNutcrakerhasbetterlearningskills

C.theMexicanJaybenefitsfromsocialliving

D.jaycachersareonlygoodathidingfood

11.Accordingtothepassage,bothstudiesshowthat.

A.skillsareequippedinchildhood

B.skillsimprovebypractice

C.animalsstudythroughplaying

D.animalslearnbyexamples

D

NASAmightbefamousforsendingrocketsuptospacequickly.Butitwillbemorefamousformakingyournextholidaycomemorequickly.

Thespaceagencyisworkingonanewplane,whichcouldsolvetheproblemsofsupersonic（超音速的）flightandvastlyincreasethespeedofjourneysabroad.Ifsuccessful,theplanewouldbeabletoflybetweenNewYorkandLondoninjustthreehours.Anditwouldreducethetimespentflyingotherjourneysbyahalf,sinceitcouldbeusedmorebroadly.Untilnow,theproblemwithsuchplaneshasbeenthesonicboom（声爆）,madefamousbytheoriginalConcorde.Thathappenswhenaplanereachessupersonicspeeds.

Itisathunderousnoisethatupsetspeopleontheground----disturbinganimalsandevencausingphysicalproblemstomaterialsandhousesunderneath.ItwasthateffectthatledCongresstobansuchplanesfrombeingusedovertheUSland,adecisionthatinturnwasresponsibleforConcorde’sfailingtobecommerciallyused.

Inviewoftheproblem,thespaceagencyhasdevelopedanewtechnologyandtrieditoutinwindtunnels,andnowbelievesthatitcouldbeputtocommercialuse.Thatplanewillflyashighas33,000feet----farhigherthannormalplanes---andmakeasoundofonly60decibels.That’sfarlessthan90decibelsthrownoutbynormalplanes,andisroughlyinlinewithacaronthemotorwayorabusyrestaurant.

“Aslongaswecangetendorsementfromthegeneralpublic,theplanewillprobablybesomethingthat’sacceptable,”saidPeterCoen,projectmanagerforNASA’scommercialsupersonicresearchteam,inanewBloombergreport.“Ifwegetapproved,wewillhavethefull-sizedversionoftheplanetriedoutandtheplanewillbeputintouse.”

12.WhydoestheauthormentionConcorde?

A.Tosuggesttherapiddevelopmentofplanes.

B.Tostress