外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题含答案.docx

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题含答案.docx

《外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题含答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题含答案.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题含答案

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题（含答案）

Aso-called“smartdrug”intendedtoimprovepeople'scognitive（认知的）functiontoprotectthebrainfromaltitudesickness.

Visitinghigh-altitudesitesforwork,spot,religiouspilgrimagesandmilitarycanresultincognitiveeffects,includingmemorylossandattentiondifficulties.There'slittleyoucandotopreventthesesymptomsexceptacclimatize-butthistakestimeanddoesn'talwayswork.Adrugcalledoxiracetammightbetheanswer.

ShengLiHuattheThirdMilitaryMedicalUniversity,Chongqing,Chinaandhercolleaguesstudiedtheperformanceofmalemilitarypersonnelataltitude.Alllivedintownsaround1,800metersabovesealevel,Duringthestudy,theyspenteightdaysatthisaltitudeandthenclimbedforthreedaystoreach4,000meters,wheretheystayedforuptoamonth.

Twentyparticipantstookoxriacetamthreetimesadayforthefirst15daysofthestudy,whileanother20receivednointervention.Themandidtestsofattentionandmemoryatthestartandendofthestudyand20daysin,bywhichtimetheyhadbeenat4,000metersforninedays.

Whilealltheparticipantsexperiencedadropincognitiveabilityat4,00meters,thosewhotookoxiracetamshowedamuchsmallerdropthanthecontrolgroup.

Theteamfoundthatathighaltitudethebrainstem,whichplaysacriticalroleinsupportingbasiclivingfunctions,receivedbloodattheexpenseofareasresponsibleformoreadvancedcognitivefunctions.Butinpeoplewhotookoxiracetam,bloodflowingthroughoutthebrainrose,thusofferingmoreoxygentotheseareas.Thismaybehowthedrugseemstolessencognitiveproblemslikewithlowoxygen.

Itisn'tyetknownwhetherdivertingbloodinthiswaycouldhavenegativeeffectsinthelongrun."Theresultsarestrikingandimplythatoxiracetammaybebeneficialforhelpingtorelievecognitiveabilitydeclinecausedbyaltitude."saysTimothyHalesattheUniversityofDundee,UK.

1．Theunderlinedword“acclimatize”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.

A．adaptB．ignore

C．existD．relax

2．WhatdoestheexperimentdoneinChinaindicate?

A．Thehigheraltitudeyouareat,thesloweryourbrainwillbe.

B．At4,000meters,thetwosubjectgroupsshowlittledifference.

C．Memorytestsarebeneficialtorelievingattentiondifficulties.

D．“Smartdrug"largelyreducesnegativeeffectsofaltitudesickness.

3．Accordingtothepassage,therootcauseofthecognitiveeffectsliesin______.

A．physicaltirednessB．lowoxygencontent

C．cognitivetrainingD．extremehighaltitude

4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．FightHighAnxietyB．Oxiacetam-AMagicDrug

C．KeepSharpatAltitudeD．ProblemsonHigh-altitudeSites

We’veallbeenthere:

inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.

What’stheproblem?

It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.

Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’t

evenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（润滑剂）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.＂Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,＂heexplains.＂Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.＂

Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互动）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.＂It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,＂saysDunn.＂Butinteractionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.＂

Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.＂Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,＂hesays.

5．Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

A．Addictiontosmartphones.

B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.

C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.

D．Impatiencewithslowservice.

6．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?

A．Showinggoodmanners.B．Relatingtootherpeople.

C．Focusingonatopic.D．Makingbusinessdeals.

7．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?

A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople’sconfidence.

C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.

8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．ConversationCountsB．WaysofMakingSmallTalk

C．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilence

WelcometoUniversityofWaikato.Ourmissionistocreateawelcomingenvironmentinwhichresidentsfeelcomfortable,safeandasenseofbelonging.

StudentVillageandWaikatoApartments

WaikatoAccommodationServicesofferstwotypesofresidentialaccommodation:

StudentVillageandWaikatoApartments.

StudentVillageconsistsoffifteenindependentunits.Eachcontainsfivebedrooms,toiletfacilities,andasharedkitchenwithafridgeandcupboard.ThereisalsoagamesroomandaTVroom.

WaikatoApartmentsaresituatedinathree-levelapartmentbuilding.Eachlevelhasfourapartmentscontainingsixbedrooms,toiletfacilities,andakitchen.EachlevelhasasharedareawithaTV,astudydeskandeasychairs.

SecurityandSafety

CampusSecurityisavailabletoassist24hours,7daysaweek.Ifyouseeanythingsuspicious,pleasecallCampusSecurityon0800863800.

PleaseensurethatyouhaveyourowninsuranceforyourpersonalbelongingsasWaikatoAccommodationServicestakesnoresponsibilityforanytheftordamagetopersonalbelongings.

HousekeepingandMaintenance

Housekeepingstaffserviceallsharedareas.Residentsareresponsibleforkeepingtheirrooms,kitchensandshowerroomscleanandtidy.

Maintenancestaffensurenecessaryrepairstofacilitiesaremade.Ifyourroomorothersharedareaneedsmaintenance,pleaseinformtheAccommodationOffice.Maintenancestaffmayberequiredtoenteryourroomtotendtoamaintenancerequest—thiswillbeprearranged.

Termination（终止）ofResidenceandCheckingOut

Youarerequiredtopayaccommodationfeesforthefullperiodoftheresidencycontract.Attheendofyourcontractyoumustarrangeatimewiththeofficestafftocheckout.Aroominspectionwilltakeplaceandyouwillberesponsibleforpaymentforanydamageormissingitems.Ifyoufailtocheckoutinthismanner,thestaffwillholdaninspectioninyourabsenceandassesswhetheranypaymentisrequired.

9．WhatfacilitiesareavailableinbothStudentVillageandWaikatoApartments?

A．KitchenandTV.

B．Studydeskandfridge.

C．Cupboardandstudyroom.

D．Gamesroomandtoiletfacilities.

10．Whatshouldyoudowhenyoususpectthatsomeoneisdestroyingschoolfacilities?

A．Reporttotheinsurancecompany.

B．ContactCampusSecurity.

C．Informtheassistantteacher.

D．CallWaikatoAccommodationServices.

11．Theresponsibilityofthemaintenancestaffincludes.

A．makingplansforAccommodationOffice

B．monitoringtheseofkitchenfacilities

C．fixingabrokenwindow

D．cleaningshowerrooms

12．Ifyoucan’tcheckoutintherequiredway,thestaffwill.

A．askyoutopayhigheraccommodationfees

B．assesswhetheraninspectionisnecessary

C．stillcarryouttheroominspection

D．waituntilyoucanarrangeatime

13．Whichofthefollowingisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A．Atechnicalinstructionbook.

B．Auniversitynewspaper.

C．Aresidencycontract.

D．Astudentguide.

Mostpeopleknowsomethingaboutthegreenhouseeffect.Factoriessendgassessuchascarbondioxide,orCO2,intotheatmosphere,theairaroundtheearth.Inthepast,thiswasn’taproblembecausetreesabsorbedtheCO2.Butnowpeopleinmanycountriesarecuttingdownbillionsoftreesallaroundtheworld.Atthesametime,factoriesaresendingmoreCO2intotheatmosphere.It’sdifficulttobelieve,butfactoriesputbillionsoftonsofCO2intotheatmosphereeveryyear.Onetonisover2000pounds,soitisalotofpollution.ThereistoomuchCO2andtherearen’tenoughtrees,sotheworldisgettingwarmer.Inotherwords,wehaveagreenhouseeffect.Thisisterriblefortheenvironment.

Whatcanwedoaboutthis?

Firstswecanstopusingsomuchcoalandoil.Wecanlearntousedifferentkindsofenergy:

thesun,wind,steamfromvolcanoes，andheatfrominsidetheearth.Second,insteadofcuttingdowntrees,weshouldplantmoretrees.Onetreecanabsorbtenpoundsofcarbondioxideeveryyear.

Thetreesaregoodfortheearth’satmosphereandforGuatemala（拉丁美洲国家危地马拉）.InsmalltownsandvillagesinGuatemala,mostwomenarepoorandhavehardlives.Treeshelptheminthreeways.First,theConnecticutfactoriespaythemtoplantthetrees.Theirpayiscom,notmoney.Thecomisgoodfortheirchildren.Second,thesewomenknowalotabouttheirenvironment.Theyknowwheretoplantwhentoplant,andwhatkindsoftreestoplant.Forexample，theyplantmanyfruittrees.Thefruitgivesthemvitaminsfort