全国高考英语阅读理解的综合高考模拟和真题汇总.docx
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全国高考英语阅读理解的综合高考模拟和真题汇总
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
BrightSidedidsomeresearchonmanyplacesthroughouttheworldwhereyoucanbuyahousefor1dollarorforfree!
Roubaix,France
IfyoulikeFrance,RoubaixlocatedinthenorthofFranceisjustforyou.Thelocalauthoritieswantittobepopulatedandattractive.Youcanbuyasmallhouseintheindustrialdistrictforjust$1.Thebuyerissupposedtoliveinthishousefor3years.
Buffalo.USA
Buffaloofferswhoeverqualifiestobuyahousefor$1.Allyouneedistobealawfulcitizenofthecityandinvestamountofmoneyintoitsdecoration.Doingthis,theauthoritiesarehopingtomakethecitybeautifulagainwithoutspendingmoney.
Liverpool,GreatBritain
InLiverpool,mostofhouseswereabandoned(遗弃)bytheworkingclassduringtheyearsofunemployment.Thegovernmentistryingtosellthehousesforjust$1.Ifyouwanttobuysuchahouse,ithastobeyourfirstdealonbuyingproperty(房产).
Candela,Italy
Ifyoustillhaveanydoubtsaboutspending$1onahouse,youshouldknow:
thegovernmentwillpayyousomemoney,ifyoumovetoCandela.Inordertobepaid,youneedtobecomeapermanent(永久的)citizenandhaveanincomeof$7500peryear.Ifmovingalone,youwillget$800,andifyouaregoingwithyourfamily,thepaycanbefourtimesasmuchasonlyoneperson.
Formoreinformationofothercities,pleaseClickHere.
(1)WhydotheauthoritiesofBuffaloprovideahouseforpeoplewith1$?
A. Toimprovethelivesofpoorpeople.
B. Tomakethecityattractiveatnocost.
C. Tosolvetheproblemsofemployment.
D. Toattractpeopletotheindustrialareas.
(2)Whatisrequiredtobuyahousefor1dollarinLiverpool?
A.Youneedtobeanunemployedcitizen.
B.Youshouldliveinthehousefor3years.
C.Itmustbeyourfirsthousepurchase.
D.Youhavetorepairanddecoratethehouse.
(3)HowmuchmoneycanyougetifmovingtoCandelawithawholefamily?
A.$3200
B.$9600
C.$800
D.$7500
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,BrightSide在全世界很多地方做了一些研究,介绍了在哪些地方可以用1美元买房子或者免费得到房子。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Doingthis,theauthoritiesarehopingtomakethecitybeautifulagainwithoutspendingmoney.”可知当地政府这样做是希望不用花钱就能让这座城市再次变得美丽,也就是说让这座城市变得更具有吸引力,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Ifyouwanttobuysuchahouse,ithastobeyourfirstdealonbuyingproperty(房产)",可知如果你想买这样的房子,它必须是你的第一套不动产,所以要在Liverpool花1美元买房,必须是你第一次买房,故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的”Ifmovingalone,youwillget$800,andifyouaregoingwithyourfamily,thepaycanbefourtimesasmuchasonlyoneperson.“一个人搬去会得800美元,全家一起去得到的钱是一个人的四倍,也就是800的四倍3200,所以全家人搬去Candela会得到3200美元。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准准确捕捉细节信息,并结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Arecentstudyfindsthatthedirtonthegroundislikelytoworsenclimatechange.Researchershaveshownthatwarmertemperaturesareheatingthesoil,whichiscausingmicrobes(微生物)tobecomemoreactiveandreleasemoreofthesoil'scarbonintotheatmosphere.Thesesoilchangescanpotentiallycontributetoevenhighertemperatures.
Scientistsstudieddevicereadings,soilmeasurements,plantgrowthdetailsandsatelliteobservationsfromaroundtheworld.Theirworkisthemostcompletestudyonthesubject.
Theyfoundasharpincreaseincarbonreleasedintotheatmospherebybacteriaandfungi(真菌)insoilfrom1990to2014.Researchersexplainthatthecarboncomesfromthedeadplantsandleavesthemicrobeseat.Astemperaturesrise,themicrobeseatmore.Andthemoretheyeat,themorecarboncanbemadeintocarbondioxideandreleasedintotheatmosphere.
Thisuncontrolledcyclespeedsupandintensifiesclimatechange.Overall,soilreleasesaboutninetimesmorecarbonthanhumanactivities.Butthatispartofanaturalcycle:
theamountofcarbonreleasedintotheairisaboutequaltothecarbonoceansandplantstakein.
However,carbonreleasedfromfossilfuelcausesanimbalance.Burningcoal,oilandnaturalgasputsmorecarbonintotheatmospherethannaturecantakein.Theadditionalcarbonheatstheairandsoil.Andastheairandsoilgethotter,theearthwillreleasemorecarbonthanithasbeenholding.
Ifsomethingisn'tdone,wearereallyintrouble.Propersoilconservationcanhelpkeepmorecarboninsoil.Conservationmethodsincludeavoidingturningthesoil,coveringoff-seasoncropsandleavingcropdepositsontheground.
(1)Whichwordcanbestdescribethescientists'researchdata?
A.Rich.
B.Rare.
C.Limited.
D.Difficult.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intensifies"inParagraph4mean?
A.Causes.
B.Demands.
C.Strengthens.
D.Shows.
(3)Whatmainlycausesthesoil'stemperaturetorise?
A.Activebacteria.
B.Humanactivities.
C.Theoverusesofsoil.
D.Thewastesoffossilfuels.
(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?
A.Warmersoilandmorecarbon.
B.Thesoilandtheenvironment.
C.Themicrobesandthetemperatures.
D.Hotterairandwarmerenvironment.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人类燃烧燃料造成的土壤变化可能导致地球更高的温度。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Scientistsstudieddevicereadings,soilmeasurements,plantgrowthdetailsandsatelliteobservationsfromaroundtheworld.Theirworkisthemostcompletestudyonthesubject.”科学家们研究了来自世界各地的设备读数、土壤测量、植物生长细节和卫星观测数据。
他们的工作是对这一课题最全面的研究。
故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第四段中的“Thisuncontrolledcyclespeedsupandintensifiesclimatechange.”可知,and为并列连词,即intensifies应与之前的speedsup为同义词。
speedup意为“加速”,C项strengthen意为“加强;增强”可为同义词。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第五段中的“However,carbonreleasedfromfossilfuelcausesanimbalance.Burningcoal,oilandnaturalgasputsmorecarbonintotheatmospherethannaturecantakein.Theadditionalcarbonheatstheairandsoil.Andastheairandsoilgethotter,theearthwillreleasemorecarbonthanithasbeenholding”然而,化石燃料释放的碳造成了不平衡。
燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气向大气中排放的碳超过了自然所能吸收的量。
额外的碳使空气和土壤升温。
随着空气和土壤变得越来越热,地球释放出的碳将超过它所承受的量。
可知,人类的一系列燃烧燃料的行为是土壤温度上升的主要原因。
故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“soilchangescanpotentiallycontributetoevenhighertemperatures.”中间段落进行阐述分析原因和结果。
末段提出了“Propersoilconservationcanhelpkeepmorecarboninsoil.”并提供了建议。
因此标题关键词需有soil,carbon等核心词。
A项Warmersoilandmorecarbon.符合分析。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Ibecameamagicianbyaccident.WhenIwasnineyearsold,Ilearnedhowtomakeacoindisappear.I'dreadTheLordoftheRingsandriskedcomingintotheadultsectionofthelibrarytosearchforabookofspells(魔法)—ninebeingthatcuriousageatwhichyou'reoldenoughtoworkthroughmorethan1,200pagesofmysteriousfantasyliteraturebutyoungenoughtostillholdouthopethatyoumightfindabookofreal,actualmagicinthelibrary.ThebookIfoundinsteadtaughtbasicsleight-of-hand(戏法)technique,andIdevotedthenextmonthstopractice.
Initially,themagicwasn'tanygood.Atfirstitwasn'tevenmagic;itwasjustatrick—abadtrick.Ispenthourseachdayinthebathroomrunningthroughthesecretmovesinfrontofthemirror.Idroppedthecoinoverandover,athousandtimesinaday,andaftertwoweeksofthismymomgotacarpetsamplefromthestoreandplaceditunderthemirrortoeradicatethesoundofthecoinfallingagainandagain.
Ihadheardmydadworkthroughpassagesofnewmusiconthepiano,soIknewhowtopractice—slowly,deliberately,goingforprecisionratherthanspeed.AndthenItriedtheillusion(错觉)inthemirrorandanunbelievablescenetookplace.Itdidnotlooklikeamagictrick.Itlookedlikeamiracle.IknewthatIhadgotwhatIwanted.
OnedayImadetheperformanceontheplayground.Wehadbeenplayingfootballandwerestandingbythebackstopinthefieldbehindtheschool.Adozenpeoplewerewatching.Ishowedthecointoeveryone.Thenitdisappeared.Thekidsscreamed.Theyyelled,laughed,scrambledaway.Everyonewentcrazy.Thiswasbrilliant.
(1)Whatdidtheauthorentertheadultsectionofthelibrarytodo?
A. Tokillhistime.
B. Tofindabookofmagic.C
ToreadTheLordoftheRings. D.Tolearnknowledgeofliterature.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"eradicate"inParagraph2mean?
A. Getridof.
B. Giveout.
C. Imitate.
D. Distinguish.
(3)Whatcontributedtotheauthor'ssuccess?
A. Hismother'shelp.
B. Thesecretofquickmoves.
C. Theinspirationfromhisfather.
D. Hisrepeatedhardpractice.
(4)Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheresultofhisperformanceontheplayground?
A. It'sfantastic.
B. It'sfunny.
C. It'sawkward.
D. It'sdisappointing.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,作者变成魔术师是偶然的,并且具体讲述了自己九岁时学习如何让硬币消失的经历。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“I'dreadTheLordoftheRingsandriskedcomingintotheadultsectionofthelibrarytosearchforabookofspells”我读过《魔戒》,并且冒险进入图书馆的成人区寻找魔法书,可知,作者进入图书馆的成人区是为了寻找魔法书。
原文中使用了不定式表达目的。
故选B。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段讲述作者一开始练习让硬币消失时的练习经历,他每天要在镜子前练1000遍左右,那么硬币也就会掉在地上1000次左右。
所以划线单词所在句子句意应为:
两周后,妈妈从店里买了一块地毯,把它放在镜子下面,以掩盖硬币一次又一次落下的声音。
故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Ihadheardmydadworkthroughpassagesofnewmusiconthepiano,soIknewhowtopractice—slowly,deliberately,goingforprecisionratherthanspeed.AndthenItriedtheillusion(错觉)inthemirrorandanunbelievablescenetookplace.Itdidnotlooklikeamagictrick.Itlookedlikeamiracle.”可知,作者是在父亲练习钢琴的经历的启发下,领悟到了练习的真谛,最终取得了成功。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Theyyelled,laughed,scrambledaway.Everyonewentcrazy.Thiswasbrilliant.”,可知作者在操场上表演完硬币消失之后,其他同学欢呼、大小并且都不知道是如何做到的,每个人都很疯狂。
作者认为这个经历是非常棒的。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一盘故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推