高中英语非谓语动词模式与解题策略.docx

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高中英语非谓语动词模式与解题策略.docx

高中英语非谓语动词模式与解题策略

高中英语非谓语动词模式与解题策略

【模式1】名词+不定式(介词)(作定语)

【策略】1、把握不定式动词的性质,要不要介词;

2、把握不定式的逻辑主语,确定主、被动语态。

3、理论指导:

当句子的主语为不定式的逻辑主语时用主动形式。

①Iwantsomethingtoeat.(Ieat.)

②Iwantaroomtolivein.(Iliveintheroom.)

③TomorrowIwillgotoBeijing,doyouhaveanythingtobetaken?

【模式2】不定式的省略(to)

【策略】1、无论肯定或否定,保留到to;

2、如果不定式为被动式或完成式,则保留到be/have.

①--Wouldyouliketogowithme?

--I’dliketo,butIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.

②Tommylikedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheralwaystoldhimnotto.

③--Ididn’ttellherthebadnews.–Oh,yououghttohave.

【模式3】只带to

【策略】1、部分动词的记忆(从不认识的单词开始,动词略);2、序数词+不定式

①HepretendednottoseemewhenIsaidhitohiminthestreet.

②LaoWangisahard-workingman.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.

【模式4】带不带to

【策略】1、从不带to入手,注意例外;

2、理论指导:

①使役动词(let,make,have等后省to;★get后带to);

②感官动词(see,watch,notice,listen,hear,feel等后省to);

③but(to)do/except(to)do(谓语部分含实意动词的do则省to;无则带to。

);

④why(not)do(wh-词后接不定式的特例)。

说明:

参考答案为斜体,下同。

①Sometimesourteachers____ustodomuchhomework.(let/make/have/get)

②Todaymorning,Ihadnothingtodobut(except)___(tosleep/sleep)allmorning.

③Inwinter,someanimalshavenochoicebut(except)___(tohibernate/hibernate).

④Whynotjoinusinthediscussion?

⑤Ioftenhearhimsingthissong.(Hewasoftenheardtosingthissong.)

【模式5】表示动作的目的(to)

【策略】经过判断如表示动作目的,首先考虑使用不定式。

①Weclimbedtothetopoftower___abetterviewofthearea.

(getting/got/havinggot/toget)

②--Whywasaspecialmeetingwascalled?

--___.

(Toelect/Electing/Ourelecting/Elected)

③___timeandlabor,cartoonistsgenerallydrawthehandsoftheircharacterswithonly3fingersandathumb.(Tosave/Saved/Saving/Havingsaved)

【模式6】只带doing

【策略】1、部分动词的记忆(从不认识的单词开始,动词略);2、句型结构;3、比较使用不定式的结构(同时关注不定式逻辑主语的引入结构)。

★Itis/was(no)+n.(use/good)+doing.(名词后接doing)

★Itis/wasnotany+n.(use/good)+doing.(名词后接doing)

①    Itisnousearguingwithhim.

②    Itisnouseregrettingthespoiledmilk.

★Itis/was+adj.+todosth…(形容词后接todo)

★Itis/was+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.(不定式逻辑主语的引入结构)

【模式7】动名词的复合结构(关注否定式)

【策略】1、动名词复合结构的全面掌握(原式和略式—句子成分);

2、理论指导:

动名词复合结构由“逻辑主语+动名词”构成。

当此结构充当主语时,用原式即“名词所有格或形容词物主代词+动名词”;作宾语或表语时用略式即“名词普通格或宾格代词+动名词”。

动名词复合结构的否定式中的not在逻辑主语之后。

①    ___themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.

(Tomwillattend/Tomtoattend/Tomattended/Tom’sattending)

②    Davidapologizedfor___toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.

(hisnotbeingable/hisbeingnotable/himnottobeable/himtobenotable)

③    Isthereanypossibilityofthefilm___inParisInternationalFestival?

(tryingout/triedout/totryout/beingtriedout)

【模式8】后接不定式与动名词之别

【策略】1、基本理论;2、特别句型(参见模式6);

3、理论指导:

①双接,无含义差别;②双接,含义差别不大(长短期习惯);

③双接,含义不同(记忆特别的动词);④特别的动词有:

stopdoingsth/stoptodosth(停止做某事/停下来去做某事)

rememberdoingsth/remembertodosth(记得做过某事/记住要去做某事)

meandoingsth/meantodosth(意味某事/打算做某事)

forgetdoingsth/forgettodosth(忘记做过某事/忘记去做某事)

trydoingsth/trytodosth(试着做某事/尽力去做某事)

needdoingsth/needtodosth(某事需要被做/需要去做某事)

can’thelpdoingsth/can’thelptodosth(情不自禁做某事/不能帮忙做某事)

【模式9】主动表被动

【策略】1、基本理论和基本句型。

2、理论指导:

●英语中有些动词形式上是主动结构,但意义是被动的。

如:

wash,open,write,sell,let,blame等。

①      Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.

②      Thedooropenseasily.

③      Thepenwriteswell.

④      Thenovelsellswell.

●    beworthdoing中的doing主动表示被动(比较beworthyof结构)。

①      Thesebooksareworthreading.(只接动名词)

②      Thesebooksareworthyofbeingread/toberead.(既接动名词又接不定式)

●英语中有些动词,如want,need,require等后接动名词时主动表示被动,但接不定式时却用被动形式。

①Thebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.

②Thisplanrequiresdiscussing/tobediscussed.

●    形容词后接的不定式作状语时主动表被动。

①    ThearticleswrittenbyLuxunarehardtoread.

②    Heishardtogetalongwith.

【模式10】独立分词(结构)/独立主格结构

【策略】

1、从分析句子结构着手,注意主动(现在分词)和被动(过去分词),

2、几点例外(例④  ⑤)。

3、理论指导:

当句子的主语与独立结构中的动词不形成逻辑上的主谓(主动)或动宾(被动)关系时,根据全句的含义加上自己的逻辑主语,此时形成独立主格结构;部分非谓语动词词组需单独使用,此时形成独立分词(结构)。

①___afinesay,wedecidedtogooutforapicnic.

(Having/Being/What/Itbeing)

②  Thesoldierrushedintothecave,hisrighthand___agunandhisface___withsweat.(held,covered/holding,covering/holding,covered/held,covering)

③Time___(permitting/permitted),theywillstarttodoanewjob.

 ④ Totell(you)thetruth/believeitornot/lostinthought/suppose…

  ⑤  Considering/Judging/Generallyspeaking/supposing…

【模式11】连词+分词(-ed)

【策略】1、定语从句和状语从句与分词结构的相互转换,状语从句中的连词可保留;

2、分词多为-ed分词,如动词为不及物动词类则用-ing分词。

①    When___whyhewaslatefortheconcert,themanmadenoanswer.

(asking/toask/ask/asked)

②    The18-storeyedbuilding,when___,willshutoutthesunlightingtherooms.

(completing/complete/completed/tocomplete)

③    Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen___atthemeetingbytheboss.

(questioned/questioning/havingquestioned/tobequestioned)

④    If___ill,I’llstayathome___agoodrest.

(falling,taking/tofall,taking/fall,totaking/falling,take)

【模式12】–ed分词(be+-ed+prep.)

【策略】1.基本词组的记忆与略化(省略be后的结构);2.标志词by/as

①___atfailingintheexam,Johnfeltunhappy.

(Disappointed/Tobedisappointed/Disappointing/Havingdisappointed)

②___inapoorfamily,hisparentscouldn’taffordtopayhisschooling.

(Born/Beingborn/Bearing/Havingbeenborn)

③___bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidednottogohome.

(Attracting/Attracted/Tobeattracted/Havingattracted)

④LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,___as3M.(knowing/known/beingknown/tobeknown)

【模式13】-ed.与–ing.

【策略】1、主动与被动;2、人(-ed)与物(-ing)。

①Weallfelt___(exciting/excited)atthe___news.(exciting/excited)

②Thebabywas___(terrifying/terrified)bythe___(terrifying/terrified)charactersinthemovie.

③The___(puzzling/puzzled)expressiononherfacesuggestedthatshewas___(puzzling/puzzled)bytheproblem,as/whichwas___(puzzling/puzzled),afterall,shewasatopstudentintheclass.

【模式14】伴随状况(-ed/adj.)

【策略】句子结构与省略。

①Hewenttobed_____.(drink/drank/drinking/drunk)

=Hewenttobedandhewas____.(drink/drank/drinking/drunk)

②Hecamehomeatlast,tiredandhungry.

【模式15】找主句(主语多为人或非谓语动词的动作执行者)

【策略】句子结构的特点与分析(给出部分不为句子或是从句即有连词出现)。

①Tobewellfitforthejob,____.

A.     agoodknowledgeofphysicsisneeded.

B.     oneneedstohaveagoodknowledgeofphysics.

C.     itisrequiredtohaveagoodknowledgeofphysics.

D.    agoodknowledgeofphysicsisimportant.

②Withnothinglefttoburn,____(thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.)

③Tiredofthenoise,___.(heshutthedoor/thedoorhadbeenshut/hehadshutthedoor/thedoorwasshut)

④    ___againandagainbuthedidn’ttellmethetruth.(Hewasasked/Havingbeenasked/Havingaskedhim/Thoughhewasasked)

【模式16】拆分句型结构或词组

【策略】1、什么是拆分,怎样拆分;2、拆分后的句式结构走向(定语从句或过去分词)。

①   WhatisthewaySmiththoughtof___enoughmoneytobuythenewhouse?

(getting/havinggot/beinggot/toget)

②   Greateffortsshouldbemade___uphighereducationtomeettheneedsofindustryandagriculture.(speeding/tospeed/speed/andspeed)

③   MrGreenwasdisappointedtoseethewashingmachinehehadhad___wentwrongagain.(repaired/torepair/repairing/ittoberepaired)

④   Whomdoyouthinktheteacher___thecomposition?

(hadwritten/hadwrite/hadtowrite/hadwrote)

【模式17】区分及物动词与不及物动词(模式1/10)

【策略】1、动词识记的重要性;区分及物和不及物动词;2、系动词居多。

①___good,thefoodwassoldoutsoon.

(Tasting/Tasted/Beingtasted/Havingbeentasted)

②Thepicture___onthewallispaintedbymybrother.

(hanging/havinghung/beinghung/hangs)

⑦    Theflowers___sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.

(tosmell/smelling/smelt/tobesmelt)

【模式18】“据说”句型(said/believed/reported…)(简单句居多)

【策略】1、掌握复合句(that引导)和简单句(to引导)的基本结构;

2、理论指导:

复合句—Itbe+said/believed/reported…+that-从句;简单句—变为不定式结构,当主从句时间一致时不定式用一般式,不一致时用完成式。

①    ZhangHongissaid___byheart2000wordsuptonow.

(thatshehaslearned/tohavelearned/tolearn/havinglearned)

②    LiMingissaid___abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiedin?

(tohavestudied/tostudy/tobestudying/tohavebeenstudying)

③    Thefluisbelieved___byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(causing/beingcaused/tobecaused/behavecaused)

 

非谓语动词练习50题(含解析)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Whenhewasaboy,heusedtogothereandwatch_____.

A.torepairbicycles

B.bicyclestoberepaired

C.bicyclesbeingrepaired

D.repairingbicycles

2.-Haveyouconsidered_____yourjobasateacher?

 -Yes.Ilikethejobbecauseateacherisoftenconsidered_____agardener.

A.tochange;tobe    B.tochange;being

C.changing;being     D.changing;tobe

3.Thedog,_____,willbemadeagoodwatchdog.

A.totrainproperly   B.beingtrainedproperly

C.properlytotrain   D.trainedproperly

4._____thediamond,hehadtolookforaplacetohideit.

A.Havingstolen   B.Havingbeenstolen 

C.Stolen     D.Stealing

5._____thefrontdoor_____,hehadtoentertheroomthroughthebackdoor.

A.Seen;paintedB.Seeing;painted

C.Beingseen;beingpaintedD.Seeing;beingpainted

6.Andthere,almost_____inthebigchair,satherlittlebrother,whoneverhadtobetoldtokeepquiet.

A.havinglost   B.losing    C.tobelost    D.lost

7.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.

A.put  B.tobeputting  C.toput  D.putting

8.Toanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthan_____.

A.thatyoufinishquickly    B.finishingquickly

C.tofinishquickly        D.finishquickly

9.Theoldfarmer,_____thebadlyinjuredandburntsoldier,cameoutoftheburningfarmhouse,callingcontinuouslyf

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