涂料术语.docx

涂料术语.docx

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涂料术语

GLOSSARYOFPAINTTERMS

ABRASIONRESISTANCE:

Resistancetobeingwornawaybyrubbingorfriction;relatedmoretotoughnessthantohardness.Anecessaryqualityforfloorfinishes,enamelsandvarnishes.

ABRASIVE:

Usedforwearingawayasurfacebyrubbing.Examplesarepowderedpumice,rottenstone,sandpaper,sandpaper,steelwool.

ACRYLIC:

Atypeofsyntheticpolymerusedasthebinderforhigh-performancewater-basedpaintsandcaulks.Someacrylicpolymersareusedinautofinishes,appliancecoatings,etc.

ADHESION:

Theabilityofacoatingtosticktoasurface.

AEROSOL:

Aproductfeaturethatusescompressedgastospraytheproductfromitscontainer.

AIRLESSSPRAY:

Aspraythatincreasesthefluidpressureofpaintbymeansofapumpthatcausesatomizationwithair,resultinginhigherfilmbuildandlittleornoover-spray.

ALKALI:

Asubstancesuchaslye,sodaorlimethatcanbehighlydestructivetopaintfilms.Analkaline,or“basic”chemicalsubstancesuchaslimeorlye.Generallypresentinfreshcement,concrete,orplaster.

ALKYD:

Syntheticresinmodifiedwithoilforgoodadhesiontoacleansurfaceandgoodgloss,colorretentionandflexibility.Slowdrying.

ALLIGATORING:

Conditionofpaintfilmwheresurfaceiscrackedanddevelopsanappearancesimilartoalligatorskin.

ALUMINUMPAINT:

Apaintthatincludesaluminumparticlesandgivesametallicfinishwhendried.

ANCHORING:

Mechanicalbondingofacoatingtoaroughsurfaceascontrastedwithadhesion,whichischemicalbonding.

ANTI-CORROSIVEPAINT:

Apaintdesignedtominimizerustorcorrosionwhenapplieddirectlytometal.

ANTI-FOULINGPAINT:

Speciallyformulatedpaintforsurfacessuchasboathullsandpiers.Itdiscouragesattachmentandgrowthofmarineplantsandanimals.

ANTIQUEFINISH:

Afinishusuallyappliedtofurnitureorwoodworktogivetheappearanceofage.

APPLIEDHIDING:

Refersnotonlytotheopacityofthepaintfilm,butalsotohowithides,dependingonitsthicknessandhowsmoothlyitflowsout.Musttakeintoaccounthowthepaintisapplied（brush,roller,spray,etc.）

BACKPRIMED:

Whenacoatofpaintisappliedtothebackofwoodworkandexteriorsidingtopreventmoisturefromenteringthewoodandcausingthegraintoswell.

BACKERROD:

Anextrudedfoamrodthatistypicallyplacedinjointsthataredeeperthan1/2”（12.5mm）tofillinsomeofthespacebeforethesealantisapplied.Foambackerrodscomeinavarietyofdiameters,rangingfrom1/8”（3mm）to3/4”（20mm）.

BENZENE:

Powerfulbuthighlytoxicandflammablesolvent,usuallyrestrictedtosprayapplication.

BENZINE:

Oftenusedasalacquerdilutent.Highlyvolatileandafirehazardinshippingandstoring.

BINDER:

（1）Acomponentofpaintthat“binds”thepigmentparticlesintoauniform,continuouspaintfilm,andmakesthepaintadheretothesurface.Thenatureandamountofbinderhelpsdeterminemostofthepaint’sperformanceproperties:

washability,toughness,adhesion,colorretentionanddurability.

（2）Incaulk,acomponentthat“blinds”thepigmentparticlesintoahomogeneouscompoundandmakesthecaulkadheretothesurface.Themainperformancepropertiesofcaulk:

durability,adhesion,andflexibilityatlowtemperatures0aredeterminedbythebinder.

BIOCIDE:

Abiologicallyactivepaintandcaulkadditivedesignedtokeepbacteriafromspoilingthepaintorcaulkduringstorage,ortokeepmildewfromgrowingontheappliedpaint.

BLEACHING:

Theprocessofrestoringdiscoloredorstainedwoodtoitsnormalcolorormakingitlighter.

BLEEDING:

Undercoatstainingthroughthetopcoat.

BLISTERING:

Theformationofbubblesorpimplesonthepaintedsurfacecausedbymoistureinthewoodbypaintingbeforethepreviouscoathasdriedthoroughlyorbyexcessiveheatorgreaseunderthepaint.

BLOCKFILLER:

Athick,paint-likematerialusedtosmoothoutveryroughmasonrysurfaceslikecinderblock.Itisgenerallybrush-applied,thenpainted.

BLOCKRESISTANCE:

Thecapabilityofacoatingtoresiststickingtoitselfwhenusedontwosurfacesthatcomeintocontactwitheachother,e.g.,doorandjamb,windowsashandsill.

BLUSHING:

Aglossfilmturningflatoraclearlacquerturningwhite,usuallycausedbymoisturecondensationduringthedryingprocess.

BODY:

Thethicknessorthinnessofaliquidpaint.

BOXING:

Mixingpaintbypouringfromonecontainertoanotherseveraltimestoensurethoroughmixing.

BREATHE:

Theabilityofapaintfilmtopermitthepassageofmoisturevaporwithoutcausingblistering,cracking,orpeeling.

BRIDGING:

Abilityofpainttospansmallgapsorcracksthroughitscohesionandelasticqualities.

BRISTLE:

Theworkingpartofabrushcontainingnaturalbristles（usuallyhoghair）orartificialbristles（nylonorpolyester）.

BRUSHABILITY:

Theabilityoreasewithwhichpaintcanbebrushed.

BRUSHMARKS:

Marksofbrushthatremaininthedriedpaintfilm.

BRUSH-OUT:

Atechniquesometimesusedtoinfluencealargesalethatconsistsofbrushingoutasampleofpaintontoaslabofwoodorothermaterialsothecustomercanseehowthefinishedjobwilllook.

BUBBLES:

Airbubblesinadryingpaintfilmcausedbyexcessivebrushingduringapplicationorbyovervigorousmixingthatresultsinairtrapment.

BUILD（orFILMBUILD）:

Thicknessordepthofapaintfilm.

BURNINGIN:

Repairingafinishbymeltingstickshellacintothedamagedplacesbyusingaheatedknifebladeoriron.

BURNISHING:

Shinyorlustrousspotsonapaintsurfacecausedbyrubbing.

CALCIMINE:

Awater-thinnedpaintcomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonateorclayglue.

CALCIMUMCARBONATE:

Aminedmaterial（chalk）thatisusedasanextenderorfillerforpaintandcaulk.

CAMELHAIR:

TradenamefortailhairfromvarioustypesofRussiansquirrels.Usedforsignwriter,lacqueringbrushingsandletteringquills.

CATALYST:

Aningredientthatspeedsupachemicalreaction;sometimesusedintwocomponentpaintsystems.

CAULK:

Agenerictermforacompoundusedtofillcracks,gaps,seamsandjoints.

CAULKINGCOMPOUND:

Asemidryingorslowdryingplasticmaterialusedtosealjointsorfillcrevicesaroundwindows,chimneys.

CHALKING:

Theformationofaloosepowderorthesurfaceofpaintafterexposuretotheelements.

CHECKING:

Akindofpaintfailureinwhichmanysmallcracksappearinthesurfaceofthepaint.

CHEMICALRESISTANCE:

Theabilityofacoatingtoresistdamagebychemicals.

CHIME:

Theliparoundtheopeningofapaintcanintowhichthelidisplaced.

CLAY:

Awhite,minedmineralusedasanextender–mostlyininteriorpaints.

CLEARCOATING:

Atransparentprotectiveand/ordecorativefilm.

COALESCENT:

Anorganicsolventusedinlatexpaintsthatactsasatemporaryplasticizer,toaidinfilmformation.Ithelpsthebinderformacontinuousfilmwhenapplied,particularlyatthelowendoftheapplicationtemperaturerangerecommendedforthecoating.

COALESCING:

Thesettlingordryingofanemulsionpaintasthewaterevaporates.

COATING:

paint,varnish,lacquerorotherfinishusedtocreateaprotectiveand/ordecorativelayer.

COHESION:

Attractionofmoleculeswithinacoating（howitholdstogether）.

COLOR:

Specialcolorsmadebyaddingcoloranttopaintorbyintermixingcolors,whichpermitstheretailertomatchacolorselectedbytheconsumer.

COLORRETENTION:

Theabilityofapainttokeepitsoriginalcolorandresistfading.Thistermisgenerallyappliedtoexteriorpaints.

COLORUNIFORMITY:

Abilityofacoatingtomaintainauniformorconsistentcoloracrossitsentiresurface,particularlyduringtheweatheringprocess.

COLORWHEEL:

Acircularchartwithwedge-shapedsegmentsofdifferentspecificcolors.Usedincolordecorating.

COLORANT:

Concentratedcolorthatcanbeaddedtopaintstomakeaspecificcolor.

COLORFAST:

Faderesistant.

COMBUSTIBLE:

Referstoanyliquidwithaflashpointorabove100degreesF（37.5degreesC）

COMPLEMENTARYCOLORS:

Twocolorsdirectlyoppositeoneanotheronthecolorwheel.

CONSISTANCY:

Thethicknessorbrushabilityofapaint.

CONTACTCEMENT:

Completelynon-stainingcement.Idealforapplyingwallpanelingandforcoveringcounters,cabinetsandtabletopswithbothporousandnon-poroussurfacingmaterialsrangingfromlinoleumtoplasticlaminates.

CONTRASTINGCOLORS:

Colorsseparatedbyatleastthreeothersonthecolorwheel.

COPPERSTAINING:

Usuallycausedbycorrosionofcopperscreens,guttersordownspoutswashingdownonpaintedsurfaces.Canbepreventedbypaintingorvarnishingthecopper.

CORROSIONINHIBITOR:

Anymaterialusedtopreventtheoxidation（rusting）ofmetals.Maybeapaintundercoat,andadditive,apigment,oracoatingappliedtothesurface.

CORROSION-RESISTANT:

Abilityofasubstancetoresistdeteriorationduetoachemicalreactionwithitsenvironment.Coatingsthatdothisusuallycontainacorrosioninhibitor.

COVERAGE:

Theareaoverwhichagivenamountofpaintwillspreadandhidetheprevioussurface.（Usuallyexpressedinsquarefeetpergallon）.

CRACKING:

Thetypeofpaintfailurecharacterizedbybreaksinirregularlineswideenoughtoexposetheunderlyingsurface.

CRAWLING:

Varnishdefectinwhichpooradhesionofvarnishtosurfaceinsomespotscausesittogatherupinglobs.

CRAZING:

Small,interlacingcracksonsurfaceoffinish.

CREOSOTE:

Atypeofliquidcoatingmadefromcoaltarthatisusedasawoodpreservative.Itshouldnotbeusedonwoodthatwillbepaintedlater.

CRYSTALLINESILICA:

SeeSilica.

CURING:

Finalconversionordryingoracoatingmaterial.

CUSTOMCOLOR:

Specialcolorsthataremadebyaddingcoloranttopaintorbyintermixingpaintsofdifferentcolors.Permitsthepreparationofaselectedcolorpaintatthepoint