涂料术语.docx

1、涂料术语GLOSSARY OF PAINT TERMSABRASION RESISTANCE: Resistance to being worn away by rubbing or friction; related more to toughness than to hardness. A necessary quality for floor finishes, enamels and varnishes.ABRASIVE: Used for wearing away a surface by rubbing. Examples are powdered pumice, rottenst

2、one, sandpaper, sandpaper, steel wool.ACRYLIC: A type of synthetic polymer used as the binder for high-performance water-based paints and caulks. Some acrylic polymers are used in auto finishes, appliance coatings, etc.ADHESION: The ability of a coating to stick to a surface.AEROSOL: A product featu

3、re that uses compressed gas to spray the product from its container.AIRLESS SPRAY: A spray that increases the fluid pressure of paint by means of a pump that causes atomization with air, resulting in higher film build and little or no over-spray.ALKALI: A substance such as lye, soda or lime that can

4、 be highly destructive to paint films. An alkaline, or “basic” chemical substance such as lime or lye. Generally present in fresh cement, concrete, or plaster.ALKYD: Synthetic resin modified with oil for good adhesion to a clean surface and good gloss, color retention and flexibility. Slow drying.AL

5、LIGATORING: Condition of paint film where surface is cracked and develops an appearance similar to alligator skin.ALUMINUM PAINT: A paint that includes aluminum particles and gives a metallic finish when dried.ANCHORING: Mechanical bonding of a coating to a rough surface as contrasted with adhesion,

6、 which is chemical bonding.ANTI-CORROSIVE PAINT: A paint designed to minimize rust or corrosion when applied directly to metal.ANTI-FOULING PAINT: Specially formulated paint for surfaces such as boat hulls and piers. It discourages attachment and growth of marine plants and animals.ANTIQUE FINISH: A

7、 finish usually applied to furniture or woodwork to give the appearance of age.APPLIED HIDING: Refers not only to the opacity of the paint film, but also to how it hides, depending on its thickness and how smoothly it flows out. Must take into account how the paint is applied (brush, roller, spray,

8、etc.)BACK PRIMED: When a coat of paint is applied to the back of woodwork and exterior siding to prevent moisture from entering the wood and causing the grain to swell.BACKER ROD: An extruded foam rod that is typically placed in joints that are deeper than 1/2” (12.5 mm) to fill in some of the space

9、 before the sealant is applied. Foam backer rods come in a variety of diameters, ranging from 1/8” (3 mm) to 3/4” (20 mm).BENZENE: Powerful but highly toxic and flammable solvent, usually restricted to spray application.BENZINE: Often used as a lacquer dilutent. Highly volatile and a fire hazard in

10、shipping and storing.BINDER: (1) A component of paint that “binds” the pigment particles into a uniform, continuous paint film, and makes the paint adhere to the surface. The nature and amount of binder helps determine most of the paints performance properties: washability, toughness, adhesion, colo

11、r retention and durability.(2) In caulk, a component that “blinds” the pigment particles into a homogeneous compound and makes the caulk adhere to the surface. The main performance properties of caulk: durability, adhesion, and flexibility at low temperatures 0 are determined by the binder.BIOCIDE:

12、A biologically active paint and caulk additive designed to keep bacteria from spoiling the paint or caulk during storage, or to keep mildew from growing on the applied paint.BLEACHING: The process of restoring discolored or stained wood to its normal color or making it lighter.BLEEDING: Undercoat st

13、aining through the topcoat.BLISTERING: The formation of bubbles or pimples on the painted surface caused by moisture in the wood by painting before the previous coat has dried thoroughly or by excessive heat or grease under the paint.BLOCK FILLER: A thick, paint-like material used to smooth out very

14、 rough masonry surfaces like cinder block. It is generally brush-applied, then painted.BLOCK RESISTANCE: The capability of a coating to resist sticking to itself when used on two surfaces that come into contact with each other, e.g., door and jamb, window sash and sill.BLUSHING: A gloss film turning

15、 flat or a clear lacquer turning white, usually caused by moisture condensation during the drying process.BODY: The thickness or thinness of a liquid paint.BOXING: Mixing paint by pouring from one container to another several times to ensure thorough mixing.BREATHE: The ability of a paint film to pe

16、rmit the passage of moisture vapor without causing blistering, cracking, or peeling.BRIDGING: Ability of paint to span small gaps or cracks through its cohesion and elastic qualities.BRISTLE: The working part of a brush containing natural bristles (usually hog hair) or artificial bristles (nylon or

17、polyester).BRUSHABILITY: The ability or ease with which paint can be brushed.BRUSH MARKS: Marks of brush that remain in the dried paint film.BRUSH-OUT: A technique sometimes used to influence a large sale that consists of brushing out a sample of paint onto a slab of wood or other material so the cu

18、stomer can see how the finished job will look.BUBBLES: Air bubbles in a drying paint film caused by excessive brushing during application or by over vigorous mixing that results in air trapment.BUILD (or FILM BUILD): Thickness or depth of a paint film.BURNING IN: Repairing a finish by melting stick

19、shellac into the damaged places by using a heated knife blade or iron.BURNISHING: Shiny or lustrous spots on a paint surface caused by rubbing.CALCIMINE: A water-thinned paint composed essentially of calcium carbonate or clay glue.CALCIMUM CARBONATE: A mined material (chalk) that is used as an exten

20、der or filler for paint and caulk.CAMEL HAIR: Trade name for tail hair from various types of Russian squirrels. Used for signwriter, lacquering brushings and lettering quills.CATALYST: An ingredient that speeds up a chemical reaction; sometimes used in two component paint systems.CAULK: A generic te

21、rm for a compound used to fill cracks, gaps, seams and joints.CAULKING COMPOUND: A semidrying or slow drying plastic material used to seal joints or fill crevices around windows, chimneys.CHALKING: The formation of a loose powder or the surface of paint after exposure to the elements.CHECKING: A kin

22、d of paint failure in which many small cracks appear in the surface of the paint.CHEMICAL RESISTANCE: The ability of a coating to resist damage by chemicals.CHIME: The lip around the opening of a paint can into which the lid is placed.CLAY: A white, mined mineral used as an extender mostly in interi

23、or paints.CLEAR COATING: A transparent protective and/or decorative film.COALESCENT: An organic solvent used in latex paints that acts as a temporary plasticizer, to aid in film formation. It helps the binder form a continuous film when applied, particularly at the low end of the application tempera

24、ture range recommended for the coating.COALESCING: The settling or drying of an emulsion paint as the water evaporates.COATING: paint, varnish, lacquer or other finish used to create a protective and/or decorative layer.COHESION: Attraction of molecules within a coating (how it holds together).COLOR

25、: Special colors made by adding colorant to paint or by intermixing colors, which permits the retailer to match a color selected by the consumer.COLOR RETENTION: The ability of a paint to keep its original color and resist fading. This term is generally applied to exterior paints.COLOR UNIFORMITY: A

26、bility of a coating to maintain a uniform or consistent color across its entire surface, particularly during the weathering process.COLOR WHEEL: A circular chart with wedge-shaped segments of different specific colors. Used in color decorating.COLORANT: Concentrated color that can be added to paints

27、 to make a specific color.COLORFAST: Fade resistant.COMBUSTIBLE: Refers to any liquid with a flash point or above 100 degrees F (37.5 degrees C)COMPLEMENTARY COLORS: Two colors directly opposite one another on the color wheel.CONSISTANCY: The thickness or brushability of a paint.CONTACT CEMENT: Comp

28、letely non-staining cement. Ideal for applying wall paneling and for covering counters, cabinets and table tops with both porous and non-porous surfacing materials ranging from linoleum to plastic laminates.CONTRASTING COLORS: Colors separated by at least three others on the color wheel.COPPER STAIN

29、ING: Usually caused by corrosion of copper screens, gutters or downspouts washing down on painted surfaces. Can be prevented by painting or varnishing the copper.CORROSION INHIBITOR: Any material used to prevent the oxidation (rusting) of metals. May be a paint undercoat, and additive, a pigment, or

30、 a coating applied to the surface.CORROSION-RESISTANT: Ability of a substance to resist deterioration due to a chemical reaction with its environment. Coatings that do this usually contain a corrosion inhibitor.COVERAGE: The area over which a given amount of paint will spread and hide the previous s

31、urface. (Usually expressed in square feet per gallon).CRACKING: The type of paint failure characterized by breaks in irregular lines wide enough to expose the underlying surface.CRAWLING: Varnish defect in which poor adhesion of varnish to surface in some spots causes it to gather up in globs.CRAZIN

32、G: Small, interlacing cracks on surface of finish.CREOSOTE: A type of liquid coating made from coal tar that is used as a wood preservative. It should not be used on wood that will be painted later.CRYSTALLINE SILICA: See Silica.CURING: Final conversion or drying or a coating material.CUSTOM COLOR: Special colors that are made by adding colorant to paint or by intermixing paints of different colors. Permits the preparation of a selected color paint at the point