高中人教新课标英语必修2核心词汇梳理并重点训练.docx
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高中人教新课标英语必修2核心词汇梳理并重点训练
人教新课标必修2核心词汇梳理并重点训练
必修2
Unit1Culturalrelics
survive,design,fancy,doubt,insearchof,belongto,atwar,thinkhighlyof,情态动词+havedone
1.survivevt.比…活得长;(经过…)活(保存)下来
vi.活下来;幸存;残留
survivesth在…之后仍然生存,从…中逃生
survivesb(by…)比…活得长(几年)
surviveonsth靠…存活下来
survivefromsth从…存活下来;流传下来
survivorn.生还者
survivaln.[U]存活,幸存
[C]残存物;幸存事物
eg:
Manybirdsdidn’tsurvivetheseverewinter.
Ofthesixpeopleinjuredinthecrash,onlytwosurvived.
Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.
注:
Theoldmansurvivedtheearthquake,butnobodyknewhowhesurvived.Finally,hesurvivedhiswifeby10years.
2.designn.[C]设计样式;设计图样;(pl.)不良意图;图谋[U]设计工艺;设计布局;意图
vt.设计,计划;目的是;打算给
bydesign=onpurpose有意,故意
havedesignson/uponsth(money/life)
图谋(钱、生命等)
bedesignedforsb/sth
bedesignedtodosth为某目的或用途而制造或bedesignedassth计划
eg:
Themagazinewillappearinanewdesignfromnextmonth.
Theyaskedmetodesignaposterforthecampaign.
Themethodisspecificallydesignedforuseinsmallgroups.
3.fancyadj.奇特的;异样的
vt.想像;设想;爱好
n.想像;爱好
fancyclothes奇装异服
fancygoods精美小商品
fancy+n.+(tobe)+n.认为…是…
fancy+n.+(as)+n.
fancy(sb’s)doing想像(某人)做某事
fancythat认为/以为…
haveafancyfor爱好
catch/takesb’sfancy合某人的心意;吸引某人
takeafancytosb/sth喜欢上某人/某物
eg:
Doyoufancygoingoutthisevening?
Shefanciedherself(as/tobe)aseriousactress.
Shefanciedthatsheheardfootstepsbehindher.
注:
fancy用作动词,有时用于祈使句,表示惊奇、不相信、震惊等,后加名词、代词等作宾语,如Fancymeetingyouhere!
4.doubtn.怀疑;疑惑
vt.怀疑;不信
n.常与about/of等介词连用,其后也可接同位语从句。
doubt用在否定句中,后面接that引导的同位语从句;用在肯定句中,后面接whether引导的同位语从句。
注意不可以用if替换whether。
vt.后接名词、代词或宾语从句。
在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句;在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
由doubt组成的一些短语:
indoubt怀疑;拿不定主意
no/without/beyonddoubt无疑地;必定;当然
Thereisnodoubtabout…/that-clause毫无疑问…
eg:
Thereisnodoubtatallthatwedidtherightthing.
Ineverdoubtedthatshewouldcome.
Idoubtwhether/ifthenewonewillbeanybetter.
Thismeetinghasbeen,withoutdoubt,oneofthemostusefulwehavehadsofar.
5.insearchof寻找
inone’s/thesearchfor寻找,寻求
search(sb/sth)forsb/sth为了找到某人/某物而搜…
inmemoryof为了纪念
infavorof支持,赞同
inhonourof为了纪念;为向…表示敬意
in(the)hopeof抱有…的希望
intermsof谈及;就…而言;在…方面
inviewof鉴于,由于
eg:
IwentoffinsearchofagaragewhereIcouldbuysomepetrol.
Thepolicesearchedthesuspectbutfoundnoweapononhim.
Hesearcheddesperatelyforsomethingtosay.
注:
insearchof中search前不带任何限制词,但search前若有the,a或one’s时,介词则用for。
6.belongto属于;为…的一员
belongto表示“是…的财产(属于)/是…的组成部分(属于)/是…的成员(属于)”。
不用于被动语态和进行时态。
belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面,表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置;在这个地方正合适/有用”。
belongingsn.财产,所有物,相关事物
eg:
Lionsandtigersbelongtothecatfamily.
Haveyoueverbelongedtoapoliticalparty?
Wheredotheseplatesbelong?
7.atwar处于交战状态
atwork在上班
atplay在玩
atpeace处于和平中
atschool在上学
atbreakfast在吃早饭
attable在吃饭
atdesk在学习
atrest静止
eg:
Thetwocountrieshavebeenatwarforyears.
Atresttheinsectlookslikeadeadleaf.
Thecountrieshavebeenatpeaceformorethanacentury.
注:
on也可表示“在…中”,常见搭配有:
onduty/sale/fire/strike/business/show等。
under表示“在…”中,常见搭配有:
underway/control/repair/construction等。
8.thinkhighlyof看重;器重
thinkwell/muchof…认为…好;对…评价高
thinkill/poorly/notmuch/littleof…
认为…不好,对…评价不高
thinkabout考虑,关心
thinkof想起,记得,觉得怎样
thinkof…as把…当做…
thinkover仔细考虑
thinknothingof不把…当回事
speakhighlyof高度赞扬
speakwell/illof说…好/坏
singhighpraisefor高度赞扬
eg:
Weallthinkhighlyofher.
Hethinksnothingofwalkingfourmilestoworkandbackeveryday.
Idon’tthinkmuchofheridea.
注:
当thinkhighly/well/muchof…用于被动结构时,修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前,即:
behighly/well/muchthoughtof。
9.FrederickWilliamⅠ,thekingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianPeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.
情态动词+havedone的用法:
couldhavedone本能做某事却未做
couldn’t/can’thavedone对过去的否定推测,表“不可能干了某事”
musthavedone对过去的肯定推测,表“一定干了某事”
may/mighthavedone对过去的推测,表“可能已经干了某事”
needn’thavedone本不必做某事却做了
shouldhavedone本该做而未做
shouldn’thavedone本不该做却做了
eg:
Shemayhavesaidso.
Inthosecircumstanceswecouldhavedonebetter.
Youshouldhavetoldmethisearlier.
Can/Couldhehavereadthebook?
练习:
1.Insuchdryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.
A.havesurvivedB.aretosurvive
C.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive
2.Whetherbyaccidentor,hearrivedtoolatetohelpus.
A.purposeB.aimC.designD.chance
3.Hefancieshimselfapopstar.
A.tobeB.asC./D.alloftheabove
4.Youmayhaveyourowndecisiononthismatter,andIhavelittledoubtyouwillsucceed.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what
5.ChongqingandWuhanareamongthemostimportantcitiesinChinatheirsizeandpopulation.
A.infavorofB.incaseof
C.inviewofD.intermsof
6.Apoliceofficerwassenttothecrime.
A.searchB.exploreC.surveyD.investigate
7.Hetookawaythebagnottohimbymistake.
A.belongedB.belong
C.belongingD.belongs
8.LeadingtheUSwomen’svolleyballteambacktoherhometownfortheBeijingOlympicGames,LangPingfeltwhenshesawsomefamiliarfaces.
A.athomeB.atheartC.atwillD.atsight
9.I’msobusywhileheisplay.
A.onB.atC.ontheD.atthe
10.Hisworkwasbyhisboss.
A.highthoughtB.highthoughtof
C.goodthoughtD.wellthoughtof
11.---Alicelookssad.Didyoutellherabouttheaccident?
---Yes,butIherjustbeforeherfinalexams.
A.shouldn’ttellB.shouldn’thavetold
C.needn’ttellD.mustn’thavetold
12.Theboythebooksosoonbecauseitisdifficulteventoanadult.
A.hasfinishedreading
B.willfinishreading
C.can’thavefinishedreading
D.can’thavefinishedtoread
Unit2TheOlympicGames
compete,admit,charge,bargain,deserve,takepartin,aswell,workout,nor/neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+另一个主语,as…as…
1.competevi.比赛;竞争
competewith/againstsbforsth为争取某物和某人对抗
competewithsb/sth与…媲美,比得上
competein参加…比赛/竞争
competitionn.比赛
competitiveadj.有竞争力的
competitorn.比赛者;对手
eg:
Wecan’tcompetewiththemonprice.
He’shopingtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.
Thesongsofthebirdscompetedwiththesoundofthechurchbells.
2.admitvt.&vi.容许;承认;接纳
admit+n./doing(havingdone)/that-clause
承认某事/(已经)做了某事
admittosth/todoingsth承认
admitsb/sthtobe承认某人/某物是…
admitsbto/into准许某人进入(或加入)…
admitof…容许
Itisadmittedthat…人们公认…
辨析allow/permit/let/admit:
allow强调“默许”。
用法:
allowsbtodo/allowdoingsth
permit有时可与allow通用,不过它的语气更强,也更正式,可用于“明文规定允许或不允许”,其用法为:
permitsbdoing/permitsbtodostheg:
Thepolicemanpermittedhimtoparkhere.
let与上面两个可以通用,不过更口语化,而且用法不同,其用法为:
letsbdosth。
admit其实只是表示“允许进入,接收(入学、入会等)”,其用法为:
admitsbto…,这里to是介词。
除此之外,admit还可以解释为“承认”。
eg:
Sheadmits(to)beingstrictwithherchildren.
Theyfreelyadmit(that)theystillhavealottolearn.
Headmittedhavingdriventhecarwithoutinsurance.
Womenwereonlyadmittedintotheclublastyear.
3.chargevt.&vi.收费;控诉;充电
n.费用;主管
chargesbforsth收费,要价
chargesthtosth记账
chargesbwithsth/doingsth指控,起诉,指责
freeofcharge免费
inchargeof主管,负责
inthechargeof由…负责/掌管
takechargeof主管,负责
eg:
Doyouthinkmuseumsshouldchargeforadmission?
Hewaschargedwithmurder.
Hetookchargeofthefarmafterhisfather’sdeath.
4.bargainvi.讨价还价;讲条件
n.便宜货
bargainwithsbabout/over/forsth
(和某人就某事)讨价还价
bargainsthaway做亏本交易
bargainfor/on预料到,料想到(常用于否定句)
makeabargainwithsb和某人达成协议
agood/badbargain买得(不)合算
eg:
Inthemarketdealerswerebargainingwithgrowersoverthepriceofcoffee.
Heandhispartnerhadmadeabargaintotelleachothereverything.
Thecarwasabargainatthatprice.
5.deservevi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚);值得
deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意
deservetodo应该
deservedoingsth应该,值得
getwhatyoudeserve
deserveall/everythingyouget罪有应得
eg:
Thereportdeservescarefulconsideration.
Theydidn’tdeservetowin.
Hedeservestobelockedupforeverforwhathedid.
=Hedeserveslockingupforeverforwhathedid.
6.takepartin参加
辨析join/joinin/joinsbin(doing)sth/takepartin/attend:
join“参加”,指加入党派、社会团体、军队等并成为其中一员。
joinin表示“参加某种活动”,in可为介词,也可为副词。
joinsbin(doing)sth表示“参加某人所从事的活动”。
takepartin指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起作用。
attend是正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、典礼;听报告、讲座等。
一般指成为观众或听众。
eg:
Howmanycountriestookpartinthe29thOlympicGamesinBeijing?
Manyyounggirlsjoinaerobicsclassestokeepslim.
I’msureyou’llalljoinmeinwishingTedandLawraaveryhappymarriage.
Themeetingwasattendedby90%ofshareholders.
7.aswell也;又;还
aswellas用作连词,连接两个相同的成分,如名词、形容词、动词、介词等,通常不位于句首。
此时aswellas强调的重点在前面,不在后面,意为“不但…而且…;既…又…;除了…之外,还有…”。
翻译时要先译后面,在译前面。
当主语含有aswellas时,谓语动词须和aswellas前面的主语在数上保持一致。
aswellas作介词,相当于besides,inadditionto,意为“除…之外”,后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式。
aswellas结构还可表示比较,引导一个比较状语从句,意为“和…一样好”。
aswell相当于too和also,用于肯定句中,表示“也,又,而且”,用于句尾。
eg:
Heissensibleaswellaskind.
Theorganizationencouragesmemberstomeetonaregularbasis,aswellasprovidingthemwithfinancialsupport.
I’mgoingtoLondonandmysister’sgoingaswell.
注:
和aswellas的用法一样,连接主语时,谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致的词或短语还有:
with,alongwith,togetherwith,but,besides,ratherthan等。
eg:
MrBrowntogetherwithhiswifeandthreechildrenhasbeeninChinafor3years.
8.workout解决;计算出;设计出;结果;锻炼
workagainst努力反对
workas当…,做…工作
workat从事
workfor努力促成,为…工作
workon从事…,继续
eg:
I’veworkedoutanewwayofdoingit.
Iwonderedhowtheirideasworkedoutinpractice.
Heisworkingonanewnovel.
Heworksoutregularlytokee