语言学选择题附答案.docx

语言学选择题附答案.docx

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语言学选择题附答案

语言学

1.__A__isthestudyofspeechsoundsinlanguageoralanguagewithreferencetotheirdistributionandpatterningandtotacitrulesgoverningpronunciation.

A.PhonologyB.Lexicography

C.LexicologyD.Morphology

2.__C__isdefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage,studyinglanguageingeneral.

A.PsycholinguisticsB.Neurolinguistics

C.LinguisticsD.Phonetics

3.Whichofthelinguisticitemslistedbelowisbestdescribedasthesmallestunitofmeaning?

B

A.thewordB.themorpheme

C.thephonemeD.theclause

4.Aprefixisanaffixwhichappears__B__.

A.afterthestemB.beforethestem

C.inthemiddleofthestemD.belowthestem

5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

__C__

A.Phoneticsisthestudyofpronunciation.

B.Phoneticsisthescientificstudyofthemovementofsoundwaves.

C.Phoneticsisthescientificstudyofthesoundsoflanguage.

D.Phoneticsisthescientificstudyoftheorgansofspeech.

6.“What’sinaname?

Thatwhichwecallarose

Byanyothernamewouldsmellassweet

SoRomeowould,werehenotRomeocalled,”（RomeoandJuliet,Act2,Scene2,43~5）

TowhatcharacteristicoflanguagedoseShakespearerefer?

__D__

A.CreativityB.Productivity

C.DualityD.Arbitrariness

7.Language,asasystem,consistsoftwosetsofstructuresortwolevels,whichisknownas__A__,oneofadesignfeaturesofhumanlanguage.

A.DualityB.Displacement

C.ProductivityD.Arbitrariness

8.Thedifferentmembersofaphoneme,soundswhicharephoneticallydifferentbutdonotmakeoneworddifferentfromanotherinmeaning,are__D__.

A.phonemesB.phones

C.soundsD.allophones

9.Whatiscomplementarydistribution?

__A__

A.Differentplacesofoccurrenceofallophoneswithinaword.

B.Whenaphonecanonlyoccurattheendofaword.

C.Whenanallophoneoccursatthebeginningofaword.

D.Contrastivedistributionofallophones

10.__D__dealswiththeanalysisandcreationofwords,idiomsandcollocations.

A.MorphemeB.Vocabulary

C.RootD.Lexicon

1.Coldandhotarecalled__B__antonyms.

A.complementaryB.gradable

C.reversalD.converse

2.“IregretthatIcan’thelpyou.”Thisisanexampleof__C__.

A.representativesB.directives

C.expressivesD.commissives

3.Whatisthedualityofthelanguage?

__D__

A.LettersandsoundsB.Soundsandsymbols

C.SymbolsandmeaningD.soundsandmeaning

4.“Iboughtsomeroses”__A__“Iboughtsomeflowers”.

A.entailsB.presupposes

C.isinconsistentwithD.issynonymouswith

5.Ofthefollowinglinguists,__C__shouldbegroupedintoPragueSchool.

A.BloomfieldB.Saussure

C.JakobsonD.Firth

6.Damageinandaroundtheangulargyrusoftheparietallobeoftencausestheimpairmentofreadingandwritingability,whichisoftenreferredtoasacquired__C__.

A.diglossiaB.aphasia

C.dyslexiaD.dysgraphia

7.__A__ADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageestablishedauniformstandardforthespellingandworduse.

A.SamuelJohnson’sB.BishopLowth’s

C.Firth’sD.SamuelJohn’s

8.Whatisphonology?

__B__

A.Thestudyofhowspeechsoundsaremade,transmittedandreceived

B.Thestudyofthefunction,behaviorandorganizationofspeechsoundsaslinguisticitems.

C.ThestudyoftheInternationalPhoneticAlphabet.

D.Thestudyofallpossiblespeechsounds.

9.Themorpheme“cast”inthecommonword“telecast”isa（n）__D__.

A.boundmorphemeB.boundform

C.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme

10.Aphonemeis__D__.

A.asetofdifferentrealizationofaphone

B.asetofcontrastiveallophonesinfreevariation

C.asetofphonesincomplementarydistribution

D.asetofphoneticallysimilarnoncontrastivephones

1.Firstly,towhichoftheselanguagegroupsdoseEnglishbelong?

__A__

A.GermanicB.Slavonic

C.romanceD.Baltic

2.Whatisdefinedas“thestudyofsentencestructure”?

__D__

A.MorphologyB.Semantics

C.PhonologyD.Syntax

3.AccordingtoKrashen,__D__referstothegradualandsubconsciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.

A.learningB.competence

C.performanceD.acquisition

4.Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffix“ed”intheword“learned”isknownasa（n）__C__.

A.derivationalmorphemeB.freemorpheme

C.inflectionalmorphemeD.freeform

5.__C__studiesthetotalstockofmorphemesofalanguage,especiallythoseitemswhichhaveclearsemanticreferences.

A.PhonologyB.Lexicology

C.MorphologyD.Lexicography

6.AsatypeoflinguisticsysteminL2learning,__A__isaproductofL2training,mothertongueinterference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.

A.interlanguageB.interference

C.languagetransferD.linguisticrelativity

7.__A__meansthelackofalogicalconnectionbetweentheformofsomethinganditsexpressioninsounds.

A.ArbitrarinessB.Abstractness

C.AmbiguityD.Fuzziness

8.Theterm__B__linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.

A.synchronicB.diachronic

C.comparativeD.historicalcomparative

9.Whenaspeechsoundchangesandbecomesmorelikeanothersoundthatfollowsorprecedesit,itissaidtobe__D__.

A.nasalizedB.voiced

C.aspiratedD.assimilated

10.F.deSaussureisa（n）__C__linguist.

A.AmericanB.British

C.SwissD.Russian

1.N.Chomskyisa（n）__A__linguist.

A.AmericanB.Canada

C.SwissD.French

2.TheSapir-WhorfHypothesishastwothrusts:

__B__and____.

A.Linguisticdescription,Linguisticdeterminism

B.Linguisticdeterminism,Linguisticrelativity

C.Linguisticrelativity,Linguisticdescription

D.Linguisticdeterminism,Linguisticperformance

3.Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixesorblendslanguagesandusedbypeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguageforrestrictedpurposeis__A__.

A.pidiginB.creole

C.dialectD.blends

4.By__B__,werefertowordformswhichdifferfromeachotheronlybyonesound,e.g.“pin”and“bin”.

A.complementallydistributionB.minimalpair

C.AdjacencypairD.code—switching

5.Whentwosoundsneveroccurinthesameenvironmenttheysaidtobein__A__.

A.complementarydistributionB.freevariation

C.co-occurrenceD.minimalpair

6.__D__centuryisconsideredtobethebeginningofModernEnglish.

A.18thB.17th

C.19thD.16th

7.Conventionallya__B__isputinslashes.

A.allophoneB.phoneme

C.phoneD.morpheme

8.__D__isaprincipleofscientificmethod,basedonthebeliefthattheonlythingsvalidenoughtoconfirmorrefuteoscientifictheoryareinterpersonallyobservablephenomena,ratherthanpeople’sintrospectionsorintuitions.

A.MentalismB.Functionalgrammar

C.CasegrammarD.Behaviorism

9.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled__C__.

A.expressivesB.directives

C.commisivesD.declaratives

*10.A__C__isoftenseenaspartofaword,butitcanneverstandbyitselfalthoughitbearsclear,definitemeaning.

A.morphemeB.word

C.rootD.phoneme

1.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyof__C__.

A.aparticularlanguageB.theEnglishlanguage

C.humanlanguageingeneralD.thesystemofaparticularlanguage

2.__A__isthelanguagethatalearnerconstructsatagivenstageofSLA.

A.InterlanguageB.Ideology

C.DialectD.Interference

3.Phonologicalrulesthatgovernthecombinationofsoundsinaparticularlanguagearecalled__B__rule.

A.DeletionB.Sequential

C.superasegmentalD.Assimilation

4.“Thereisnodirectlinkbetweenalinguisticformandwhatitrefersto”.Thisisthe__B__viewconcerningthestudyofmeaning.

A.namingtheoryB.conceptualist

C.contextualistD.behaviorist

5.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops,fricatives,nasals,etc.,intermsof__A__.

A.mannerofarticulationB.opennessofmouth

C.placeofarticulationD.voicing

6.AccordingtoChomsky,__A__istheidealuser’sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage.

A.competenceB.parole

C.performanceD.langue

7.__A__isnotasuprasegmentalfeature.

A.AspirationB.Intonation

C.StressD.Tone

8.__A__isaphenomenonthatL2learnerssubconsciouslyusetheirL1languageintheirlearningprocess.

A.LanguagetransferB.Blending

C.InterferenceD.Cooperative

9.__C__areaffixesaddedtoanexistingformtocreateanewword,e.g.in-,-er.

A.inflectionalmorphemeB.freemorpheme

C.derivationalmorphemeD.root

10.Writingisthesecondarylanguageformbasedon__B__.

A.soundB.speech

C.gestureD.sign

1.__C__coversthestudyoflanguageuseinrelationtocontext,andinparticularthestudyoflinguisticcommunication.

A.SemanticsB.Sociolinguistics

C.PragmaticsD.Linguistics

2.Morphemesthatrepresent“tense”,“number”,“gender”,“case”andsoonarecalled__A__morphemes.

A.inflectionalB.free

C.boundD.derivational

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotacompoundword?

__C__

A.clearwayB.rainbow

C.scarcityD.without

4.Thefactthatabilitytospeakalanguageistransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationbyprocessoflearning,andnotgeneticallyisreferredtoas__A__.

A.culturetransmissionB.performance

C.competenceD.acquisition

5.__C__isthelanguageofAngles,SaxonsandJuteswhoinvadedBritainafterAD450.

A.OldNorseB.Cletic

C.OldEnglishD.MiddleEnglish

6.Agroupoftwoormoreconsonantstogetherinasyllableiscalleda（n）__C__.

A.arrestingclusterB.releasingcluster

C.consonantclusterD.syllable

7.Thesemanticfeatures