年大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套.docx

年大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套.docx

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年大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套

2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题〔第三套

PartI

Writing

<30minutes>

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying

"Helpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed"youcanciteexamplestoillustrate

yourviews.youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

PartII

ListeningComprehension

<30minutes>

说明：

由于2017年12月六级考试全国共考了2套听力,本套真题听力与前2套听力内

容完全一致,只是顺序不一样,因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

PartIII

ReadingComprehension

<40minutes>

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ManyEuropeancountrieshavebeenmakingtheshifttoelectricvehiclesandGermanyhas

juststatedthattheyplantobanthesaleofvehiclesusinggasolineanddieselasfuelby2030.The

countryisalsoplanningtoreduceitscarbonfootprintby80-95%by2050,___26___ashiftto

greenenergyinthecountry.Effectively,thebanwillincludetheregistrationofnewcarsinthe

countryastheywillnotallowanygasoline___27___vehicletoberegisteredafter2030.

Partofthereasonthisbanisbeingdiscussedand___28___isbecauseenergyofficialssee

thattheywillnotreachtheiremissionsgoalsby2050iftheydonot___29___alargeportionof

vehicleemissions.Thecountryisstill___30___thatitwillmeetitsemissionsgoals,likereducing

emissionsby40%by2020,butthe___31___ofelectriccarsinthecountryhasnotoccurredas

fastasexpected.

Othereffortstoincreasetheuseofelectricvehiclesincludeplanstobuildover1million

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题〔第三套

hybridandelectriccarbatterychargingstationsacrossthecountry.By2030,Germanyplanson

havingover6millionchargingstations___32___.AccordingtotheInternationalBusinessTimes,

electriccarsalesareexpectedtoincreaseasVolkswagenisstillrecoveringfromitsemissions

scandal.

Thereare___33___around155,000registeredhybridandelectricvehiclesonGermanroads,

dwarfedbythe45milliongasolineanddieselcarsdrivingtherenow.Ascountriescontinuesetting

goalsofreducingemissions,greaterstepsneedtobetakentohavea___34___effectonthe

surroundingenvironment.Whiletheeffortsarecertainlynot___35___,theresultsofsuchbans

willlikelyonlystarttobeseenbygenerationsdowntheline,betteringtheworldforthefuture.

A>acceptance

B>currently

C>disrupting

D>eliminate

E>exhaust

F>futile

G>hopeful

H>implemented

I>incidentally

J>installed

K>noticeable

L>powered

M>restoration

N>skeptical

O>sparking

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfrom

whichtheinformationisderived,Youmaychoosea,paragraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraph

ismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2.

Apple’sStanceHighlightsaMoreConfrontationalTeachIndustry

A>ThebattlebetweenAppleandlawenforcementofficialsoverunlockingaterrorist’s

smartphoneistheculminationofaslowturningofthetablesbetweenthetechnologyindustryand

theUnitedStatesgovernment.

B>AfterrevelationsbytheformerNationalSecurityAgencycontractorEdwardJ.Snowdenin

2013thatthegovernmentbothcoziedupto<讨好>certaintechcompaniesandhackedintoothers

togainaccesstoprivatedataonanenormousscale,techgiantsbegantorecognizetheUnited

Statesgovernmentasahostileactor.Butiftheconfrontationhascrystallizedinthislatestbattle,it

mayalreadybeheadingtowardapredictableconclusion:

Inthelongrun,thetechcompaniesare

destinedtoemergevictorious.

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题〔第三套

C>Itmaynotseemthatwayatthemoment.Ontheoneside,youhavetheUnitedStates

government’smightylegalandsecurityapparatusfightingfordataofthemostsympatheticsort:

thesecretsburiedinadeadmassmurderer’sphone.Theactionstemsfromafederalcourtorder

issuedonTuesdayrequiringAppletohelptheFederalBureauofInvestigationtounlockan

iPhoneusedbyoneofthetwoattackerswhokilled14peopleinSanBernardino,California,in

December.

D>Intheothercorneristheworld’smostvaluablecompany,whosechiefexecutive,TimothyD.

Cook,hassaidhewillappealthecourt’sorder.Applearguesthatitisfightingtopreservea

principlethatmostofuswhoareaddictedtooursmartphonescandefend:

WeakenasingleiPhone

sothatitscontentscanbeviewedbytheAmericangovernmentandyouriskweakeningall

iPhonesforanygovernmentintruder,anywhere.

E>Therewillprobablybemonthsoflegaltussling,anditisnotatallclearwhichsidewillprevail

incourt,norinthebattleforpublicopinionandlegislativefavor.Yetunderlyingallofthisisa

simpledynamic:

Apple,Google,Facebookandothercompaniesholdmostofthecardsinthis

confrontation.Theyhaveourdata,andtheirbusinessesdependontheglobalpublic’scollective

beliefthattheywilldoeverythingtheycantoprotectthatdata.

F>Anycrackinthatfrontcouldbefatalfortechcompaniesthatmustoperateworldwide.IfApple

isforcedtoopenupaniPhoneforanAmericanlawenforcementinvestigation,whatistoprevent

itfromdoingsoforarequestfromtheChineseortheIranians?

IfAppleisforcedtowritecode

thatletstheF.B.I.getintothePhone5cusedbySyedRizwanFarook,themaleattackerintheSan

Bernardinoattack,whowouldberesponsibleifsomehackergotholdofthatcodeandbrokeinto

itsotherdevices?

G>Apple’sstanceontheseissuesemergedpost-Snowden,whenthecompanystartedputtingin

placeaseriesoftechnologiesthat,bydefault,makeuseofencryptiontolimitaccesstopeople’s

data.Morethanthat,Apple-and,indifferentways,othertechcompanies,includingGoogle,

Facebook,TwitterandMicrosoft-havemadetheiroppositiontothegovernment’sclaimsapoint

ofcorporatepride.

H>Apple’semergingglobalbrandisprivacy;ithasstakeditscorporatereputation,nottomention

theinvestmentofconsiderabletechnicalandfinancialresources,onlimitingthesortofmass

surveillancethatwasuncoveredbyMr.Snowden.Sonow,formanycasesinvolvinggovernmental

65

2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题〔第三套

intrusionsintodata,once-lonelyprivacyadvocatesfindthemselvesfightingalongsidethemost

powerfulcompanyintheworld.

I>"Acomparisonpointisinthe1990sbattlesoverencryption,"

saidKurtOpsahl,general

counseloftheElectronicFrontierFoundation,aprivacywatchdoggroup."Thenyouhadafew

companiesinvolved,butnotoneofthelargestcompaniesintheworldcomingoutwithalengthy

andimpassionedpost,likewesawyesterdayfromTimCook.Theprofilehasreallybeenraised."

J>Appleandothertechcompaniesholdanotherace:

thetechnicalmeanstokeepmakingtheir

devicesmoreandmoreinaccessible.NotethatApple’spublicoppositiontothegovernment’s

requestisitselfahindrancetomassgovernmentintrusion.Andtogetatthecontentsofasingle

iPhone,thegovernmentsaysitneedsacourtorderandApple’shelptowritenewcode;inearlier

versionsoftheiPhone,onesthatwerecreatedbeforeApplefoundreligionon<热衷于>privacy,

theF.B.I.mayhavebeenabletobreakintothedevicebyitself.

K>Youcanexpectthatnoose<束缚>tocontinuetotighten.Expertssaidthatwhetherornot

Applelosesthisspecificcase,measuresthatitcouldputintoplaceinthefuturewillalmost

certainlybeabletofurtherlimitthegovernment’sreach.

L>That’snottosaythattheoutcomeoftheSanBernardinocaseisinsignificant.AsAppleand

severalsecurityexpertshaveargued,anordercompellingAppletowritesoftwarethatgivesthe

F.B.I.accesstotheiPhoneinquestionwouldestablishanunsettlingprecedent.Theorder

essentiallyasksAppletohackitsowndevices,andonceitisinplace,theprecedentcouldbeused

tojustifylawenforcementeffortstogetaroundencryptiontechnologiesinotherinvestigationsfar

removedfromnationalsecuritythreats.

M>OncearmedwithamethodforgainingaccesstoiPhones,thegovernmentcouldasktouseit

proactively<先发制人地>,beforeasuspectedterroristattack-leavingAppleinabindasto

whethertocomplyorriskanattackandsufferapublic-relationsnightmare."Thisisabrand-new

salvointhewaragainstencryption,"Mr.Opsahlsaid."We’vehadplentyofdebatesinCongress

andthemediaoverwhetherthegovernmentshouldhaveabackdoor,andthisisanendrunaround

that-heretheycomewithanordertocreatethatbackdoor."

N>Yetit’sworthnotingthatevenifAppleultimatelylosesthiscase,ithasplentyoftechnical

meanstocloseabackdoorovertime."Ifthey’reanywherenearworththeirsaltasengineers,Ibet

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题〔第三套

they’rerethinkingtheirthreatmodelaswespeak,"saidJonathanZdziarski,adigitalforensic

expertwhostudiestheiPhoneanditsvulnerabilities.

O>Onerelativelysimplefix,Mr.Zdziarskisaid,wouldbeforAppletomodifyfutureversionsof

theiPhonetorequireausertoenterapasscodebeforethephonewillacceptthesortofmodified

operatingsystemthattheF.B.I.wantsAppletocreate.Thatway,Applecouldnotunilaterally

introduceacode