7A版 大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套.docx

7A版 大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套.docx

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7A版大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套

2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）

PartI

Writing

（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying

“Helpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed”youcanciteeGamplestoillustrate

yourviews.youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

PartII

ListeningComprehension

（30minutes）

说明：

由于2017年12月六级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套听力内

容完全一致，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

PartIII

ReadingComprehension

（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ManyEuropeancountrieshavebeenmakingtheshifttoelectricvehiclesandGermanyhas

juststatedthattheyplantobanthesaleofvehiclesusinggasolineanddieselasfuelby2030.The

countryisalsoplanningtoreduceitscarbonfootprintby80-95%by2050,___26___ashiftto

greenenergyinthecountry.Effectively,thebanwillincludetheregistrationofnewcarsinthe

countryastheywillnotallowanygasoline___27___vehicletoberegisteredafter2030.

Partofthereasonthisbanisbeingdiscussedand___28___isbecauseenergyofficialssee

thattheywillnotreachtheiremissionsgoalsby2050iftheydonot___29___alargeportionof

vehicleemissions.Thecountryisstill___30___thatitwillmeetitsemissionsgoals,likereducing

emissionsby40%by2020,butthe___31___ofelectriccarsinthecountryhasnotoccurredas

fastaseGpected.

Othereffortstoincreasetheuseofelectricvehiclesincludeplanstobuildover1million

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）

hybridandelectriccarbatterychargingstationsacrossthecountry.By2030,Germanyplanson

havingover6millionchargingstations___32___.AccordingtotheInternationalBusinessTimes,

electriccarsalesareeGpectedtoincreaseasVolkswagenisstillrecoveringfromitsemissions

scandal.

Thereare___33___around155,000registeredhybridandelectricvehiclesonGermanroads,

dwarfedbythe45milliongasolineanddieselcarsdrivingtherenow.Ascountriescontinuesetting

goalsofreducingemissions,greaterstepsneedtobetakentohavea___34___effectonthe

surroundingenvironment.Whiletheeffortsarecertainlynot___35___,theresultsofsuchbans

willlikelyonlystarttobeseenbygenerationsdowntheline,betteringtheworldforthefuture.

A）acceptance

B）currently

C）disrupting

D）eliminate

E）eGhaust

F）futile

G）hopeful

H）implemented

I）incidentally

J）installed

K）noticeable

L）powered

M）restoration

N）skeptical

O）sparking

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfrom

whichtheinformationisderived,Youmaychoosea,paragraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraph

ismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2.

Apple’sStanceHighlightsaMoreConfrontationalTeachIndustry

A）ThebattlebetweenAppleandlawenforcementofficialsoverunlockingaterrorist’s

smartphoneistheculminationofaslowturningofthetablesbetweenthetechnologyindustryand

theUnitedStatesgovernment.

B）AfterrevelationsbytheformerNationalSecurityAgencycontractorEdwardJ.Snowdenin

20XXthatthegovernmentbothcoziedupto（讨好）certaintechcompaniesandhackedintoothers

togainaccesstoprivatedataonanenormousscale,techgiantsbegantorecognizetheUnited

Statesgovernmentasahostileactor.Butiftheconfrontationhascrystallizedinthislatestbattle,it

mayalreadybeheadingtowardapredictableconclusion:

Inthelongrun,thetechcompaniesare

destinedtoemergevictorious.

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）

C）Itmaynotseemthatwayatthemoment.Ontheoneside,youhavetheUnitedStates

government’smightylegalandsecurityapparatusfightingfordataofthemostsympatheticsort:

thesecretsburiedinadeadmassmurderer’sphone.Theactionstemsfromafederalcourtorder

issuedonTuesdayrequiringAppletohelptheFederalBureauofInvestigation（F.B.I）tounlockan

iPhoneusedbyoneofthetwoattackerswhokilled14peopleinSanBernardino,California,in

December.

D）Intheothercorneristheworld’smostvaluablecompany,whosechiefeGecutive,TimothyD.

Cook,hassaidhewillappealthecourt’sorder.Applearguesthatitisfightingtopreservea

principlethatmostofuswhoareaddictedtooursmartphonescandefend:

WeakenasingleiPhone

sothatitscontentscanbeviewedbytheAmericangovernmentandyouriskweakeningall

iPhonesforanygovernmentintruder,anywhere.

E）Therewillprobablybemonthsoflegaltussling,anditisnotatallclearwhichsidewillprevail

incourt,norinthebattleforpublicopinionandlegislativefavor.Yetunderlyingallofthisisa

simpledynamic:

Apple,Google,Facebookandothercompaniesholdmostofthecardsinthis

confrontation.Theyhaveourdata,andtheirbusinessesdependontheglobalpublic’scollective

beliefthattheywilldoeverythingtheycantoprotectthatdata.

F）Anycrackinthatfrontcouldbefatalfortechcompaniesthatmustoperateworldwide.IfApple

isforcedtoopenupaniPhoneforanAmericanlawenforcementinvestigation,whatistoprevent

itfromdoingsoforarequestfromtheChineseortheIranians?

IfAppleisforcedtowritecode

thatletstheF.B.I.getintothePhone5cusedbySyedRizwanFarook,themaleattackerintheSan

Bernardinoattack,whowouldberesponsibleifsomehackergotholdofthatcodeandbrokeinto

itsotherdevices?

G）Apple’sstanceontheseissuesemergedpost-Snowden,whenthecompanystartedputtingin

placeaseriesoftechnologiesthat,bydefault,makeuseofencryptiontolimitaccesstopeople’s

data.Morethanthat,Apple-and,indifferentways,othertechcompanies,includingGoogle,

Facebook,TwitterandMicrosoft-havemadetheiroppositiontothegovernment’sclaimsapoint

ofcorporatepride.

H）Apple’semergingglobalbrandisprivacy;ithasstakeditscorporatereputation,nottomention

theinvestmentofconsiderabletechnicalandfinancialresources,onlimitingthesortofmass

surveillancethatwasuncoveredbyMr.Snowden.Sonow,formanycasesinvolvinggovernmental

65

2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）

intrusionsintodata,once-lonelyprivacyadvocatesfindthemselvesfightingalongsidethemost

powerfulcompanyintheworld.

I）“Acomparisonpointisinthe1990sbattlesoverencryption,”

saidKurtOpsahl,general

counseloftheElectronicFrontierFoundation,aprivacywatchdoggroup.“Thenyouhadafew

companiesinvolved,butnotoneofthelargestcompaniesintheworldcomingoutwithalengthy

andimpassionedpost,likewesawyesterdayfromTimCook.Theprofilehasreallybeenraised.”

J）Appleandothertechcompaniesholdanotherace:

thetechnicalmeanstokeepmakingtheir

devicesmoreandmoreinaccessible.NotethatApple’spublicoppositiontothegovernment’s

requestisitselfahindrancetomassgovernmentintrusion.Andtogetatthecontentsofasingle

iPhone,thegovernmentsaysitneedsacourtorderandApple’shelptowritenewcode;inearlier

versionsoftheiPhone,onesthatwerecreatedbeforeApplefoundreligionon（热衷于）privacy,

theF.B.I.mayhavebeenabletobreakintothedevicebyitself.

K）YoucaneGpectthatnoose（束缚）tocontinuetotighten.EGpertssaidthatwhetherornot

Applelosesthisspecificcase,measuresthatitcouldputintoplaceinthefuturewillalmost

certainlybeabletofurtherlimitthegovernment’sreach.

L）That’snottosaythattheoutcomeoftheSanBernardinocaseisinsignificant.AsAppleand

severalsecurityeGpertshaveargued,anordercompellingAppletowritesoftwarethatgivesthe

F.B.I.accesstotheiPhoneinquestionwouldestablishanunsettlingprecedent.Theorder

essentiallyasksAppletohackitsowndevices,andonceitisinplace,theprecedentcouldbeused

tojustifylawenforcementeffortstogetaroundencryptiontechnologiesinotherinvestigationsfar

removedfromnationalsecuritythreats.

M）OncearmedwithamethodforgainingaccesstoiPhones,thegovernmentcouldasktouseit

proactively（先发制人地）,beforeasuspectedterroristattack-leavingAppleinabindasto

whethertocomplyorriskanattackandsufferapublic-relationsnightmare.“Thisisabrand-new

salvointhewaragainstencryption,”Mr.Opsahlsaid.“We’vehadplentyofdebatesinCongress

andthemediaoverwhetherthegovernmentshouldhaveabackdoor,andthisisanendrunaround

that-heretheycomewithanordertocreatethatbackdoor.”

N）Yetit’sworthnotingthatevenifAppleultimatelylosesthiscase,ithasplentyoftechnical

meanstocloseabackdoorovertime.“Ifthey’reanywherenearworththeirsaltasengineers,Ibet

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）

they’rerethinkingtheirthreatmodelaswespeak,”saidJonathanZdziarski,adigitalforensic

eGpertwhostudiestheiPhoneanditsvulnerabilities.

O）OnerelativelysimplefiG,Mr.Zdziarskisaid,wouldbeforAppletomodifyfutureversionsof

theiPhonetorequireausertoenterapasscodebeforethephonewillacceptthesortofmodified

operatingsystemthattheF.B.I.wantsAppletocreate.Thatway,Applecouldnotunilaterally

introduceacodethatweakenstheiPhone—auserwouldhavetoconsenttoit.

P）“Nothingis100percenthacker-proof,”Mr.Zdziarskisaid,buthepointedoutthatthejudge’s

orderinthiscaserequiredAppletoprovide“reasonablesecurityassistance”tounlockMr.

Farook’sphone.IfApplealtersthesecuritymodeloffutureiPhonessothatevenitsown

engineers’“reasonableassistance”willnotbeabletocrackagivendevicewhencompelledbythe

government,aprecedentsetinthiscasemightloseitslastingforce.Inotherwords,evenifthe

F.B.I.winsthiscase,inthelongrun,itloses.

36.Itisapopularbeliefthattechcompaniesarecommittedtoprotectingtheircustomers’private

data.

37.TheUSgovernmentbelievesthatitsaccesstopeople’siPhonescouldbeusedtoprevent

terroristattacks.

38.AfederalcourtaskedAppletohelptheFBIaccessdatainaterrorist’siPhone.

39.PrivacyadvocatesnowhaveApplefightingalongsidethemagainstgovernmentaccessto

personaldata.

40.SnowdenrevealedthattheAmericangovernmenthadtriedhardtoaccessprivatedatain

massivescale.

41.TheFBImighthavebeenabletoaccessprivatedatainearlieriPhoneswithoutApple’shelp.

42.AftertheSnowdenincident,Applemadeclearitspositiontocountergovernmentintrusioninto

personaldatabymeansofencryption.

43.AccordingtoonedigitaleGpert,noiPhonecanbeentirelyfreefromhacking.

44.TimothyCook’slongwebposthashelpedenhanceApple’simage.

45.Apple’sCEOhasdecidedtoappealthefederalcourt’sordertounlockauser’siPhone.

SectionC

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedb