初一英语期末考试考点级副本.docx

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初一英语期末考试考点级副本.docx

初一英语期末考试考点级副本

一、代词:

代词种类

一(单)

二(单)

三(单男)

三(单女)

三(单物)

一(复)

二(复)

三(复)

人称代词主格

I

you

he

she

it

we

you

they

人称代词宾格

me

you

him

her

it

us

you

them

形容词性物主代词

my

your

his

her

its

our

your

their

名词性物主代词

mine

yours

his

hers

its

ours

yours

theirs

反身代词

myself

yourself

himself

herself

itself

ourselves

yourselves

themselves

v动词和介词后接人称代词宾格。

v主格作主语;宾格作宾语(动词和介词);

v名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

二、1.数词:

one

two

three

four

five

six

seven

eight

nine

ten

first

second

third

fourth

fifth

sixth

seventh

eighth

ninth

tenth

eleven

twelve

thirteen

fourteen

fifteen

sixteen

seventeen

eighteen

nineteen

eleventh

twelfth

thirteenth

fourteenth

fifteenth

sixteenth

seventeenth

eighteenth

nineteenth

twenty

thirty

forty

fifty

sixty

seventy

eighty

ninety

twentieth

thirtieth

fortieth

fiftieth

sixtieth

seventieth

eightieth

ninetieth

2.数词的应用:

3thousandstudents;thousandsofstudents

3hundredstudents;hundredsofstudents

时间表达法:

时间范围

例子

顺读法

逆读法

整点

12:

00

12o’clock

0<分钟<30

3:

25

threetwenty-five

twentyfivepastthree

3:

15

threefifteen

aquarterpastthree

分钟=30

3:

30

threethirty

halfpastthree

30<分钟<60

3:

40

threeforty

twentytofour

3:

45

threeforty-five

aquartertofour

年龄表达法:

1.Heistwelveyearsold.=Heistwelve.=Heisatwelve-year-oldboy.

Theboyiseightyearsold.=Heiseight.=Heisaneight-year-oldboy.

2.attheageof在……岁的时候

HebegantolearnEnglishattheageoffive.

数量的表达:

1.许多、大量

lotsof/alotof+可数名词复数和不可数名词

many+可数名词复数

much+不可数名词

三、冠词:

1.不定冠词(a;an)

vauniversity

vaEuropeanwolf

vanAmericangirl

vanAfricanelephant

vanAustraliankangaroo

vanidea

vagoodidea

vanEnglishcar

vausefulbook

2.定冠词(the):

表示特指。

vThereisabirdinthetree.

Thebirdisred.

vthesun/themoon/theearth

vthefirstlesson

vplaythepiano/playtheguitar

vtheold(老年人)/theyoung(年轻人)

vtheGreatWall/theUSA

vtheGreenfamily=theGreens

格林一家人

vinthemorning/intheafternoon/intheevening

3.不用冠词的情况

v专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前不用冠词AmericawaterJapanese

vhavebreakfast/havelunch/havedinner/havesupper

vplayfootball/playbasketball/playvolleyball/playtabletennis

vbybus/bybike/bytrain/byplane

四、名词

1.单数变复数:

|baby

family

boy

monkey

|sheep

deer

fish

|tomato

potato

hero

photo

|foot

tooth

zoo

kangaroo

|leaf

knife

wife

wolf

shelf

|American

German

Australian

Englishman

Frenchman

Chinese

|mouse

child

man

manteacher

woman

womandoctor

2.名词所有格:

1.Jim’sroom

2.JimandTom’sroom

3.Jim’sandTom’srooms

4.Children’sDay儿童节

5.Women’sDay妇女节

6.Teachers’Day教师节

7.aphotoofmyfriend’s

8.aphotoofmine

3.可数名词和不可数名词的量化:

1.数量(≥2)+可数名词的复数

2.数量(≥2)+量词(bags/boxes/baskets)of+可数名词的复数

3.数量(≥2)+量词(pieces/boxes/bags/bottles/bowls/cups)of+不可数名词

4.some/any+可数名词复数/不可数名词

5.many+可数名词复数;much+不可数名词

6.可数名词复数表示一类(apples);不可数名词表示一类(Milkishealthyfood.)

五、时态:

时态

意义

标志词

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句

一般现在时

1.表示现在的状态。

now,often,always,never,sometimes,

usually;seldom;

every(day,morning…);onceaweek,

onSunday,

atweekends

主语+be(am,isare)…

主语+be+not+…

Be+主语…..

2.表示经常性和习惯性的动作

主语+动词原形

主语+don’t+动词原形

Do+主语+动词原形?

主语(三)+动词的第三人称单数

主语+doesn’t+动词原形

Does+主语+动词原形?

现在进行时

表示现在正在进行的动作

now,atthemoment;

rightnow

Look!

Listen!

;

It’sseveno’clock.

主语+Be(am,is,are)+V-ing

主语+be(am,is,are)not+V-ing

Be(am,is,are)+主语+doing?

v动词的变化形式:

1.第三人称单数:

1.teach

2.catch

3.watch

4.search

5.study

6.stay

7.play

8.say

2.现在分词:

1.wait

2.eat

3.see

4.get

5.sit

6.run

7.plan

8.cut

9.swim

10.shop

11.stop

12.begin

13.forget

14.happen

15.lie

16.tie

17.die

v注意事项:

1.有be动词,将be动词提前构成一般疑问句,在be动词后加not构成否定句,没有be动词借助于助动词do或does,构成一般疑问句和否定句。

2.否定句或一般疑问句变回到肯定句,要将be动词还原;有助动词的去掉助动词,谓语动词根据主语变回到适当形式。

3.划线提问频度副词用疑问词:

Howoften.

六、动词不定式:

动词不定式肯定:

todo(to为不定式符号,无意义)

否定:

nottodo

省略to的动词不定式:

do(动词原形)

v作主语:

(用It做形式宾语,真正的主语放在句后)

1.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.

2.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.

3.TolearnEnglishisimportant.

4.It’sagoodideatogotothepark.

5.It’sgreattohearfromyou.

v作宾语:

1.wanttodosth.想做某事

2.wouldliketodosth.想要做某事

3.liketodosth.(likedoingsth.)喜欢做某事

4.plantodosth.计划做某事

v作宾语补足语:

1.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事Iwantyoutohelpme.

2.wouldlikesb.todosth.Wouldyouliketohelpme?

3.asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事TheteacherasksmetolistentoEnglisheveryday.

4.tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事Theteachertellsustodohomeworkatschool.

5.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事Heinvitesmetowatchfootballwithhim.

6.helpsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事(helpsb.dosth.)

HeoftenhelpsmetolearnEnglish.

7.letsbdosth.Let’sgohome.Letmehelpyou.

8.watchsb.dosth.看到某人做某事(动作完成)

Ioftenwatchhissisterplayfootballoverthere.

9.watchsb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事(动作在进行)

Iwatchagirlplayingfootballovertherenow.

v其他用法:

1.usesth.todosth.用…做…Heusesthecomputertodohomework.

2.Ihavelotsofhomeworktodo.

3.MyjobistolearnEnglish.

4.I’mgladtomeetyou.

七、动名词:

(-ing)

v作主语:

1.Swimmingismyfavouritesport.

2.Swimmingandrunningaremyfavouritesport.

3.Eatinglotsofvegetablesisgoodforourhealth.

v作宾语:

1.finishdoingsth.完成做某事Ifinishdoingmyhomework.

2.practicedoingsth.练习做某事IoftenpracticespeakingEnglish.

3.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Doyouenjoylisteningtomusic?

4.bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事HeisbusylearningEnglish.

5.Whataboutdoingsth.?

(Howaboutdoingsth…?

6.thanksb.fordoingsth.因为某事谢谢某人Thankyouforhelpingme.

7.spend+(时间、金钱)+(in)doingsth.花(时间或金钱)做某事

Ispend2hoursdoingmyhomework.我花了2小时做作业。

Ispend200yuanbuyingtheskirt.我花了200元买这条裙子。

八、双宾语:

vgivesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.Hegivesmeapen.=Hegivesapentome.

sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.Hesendsmeanemail.=Hesendsanemailtome.

teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.HeteachesmeEnglish.=HeteachesEnglishtome.

passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.Hepassesmeacupoftea.=Hepassesacupofteatome.

vbuysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.Mymotherbuysmeabook.=Mymotherbuysabooktome.

makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.

Mymothermakesmeacake.=Mymothermakesacakeforme.

drawsb.sth.=drawsth.forsb.Hedrawsmeapicture.=Hedrawsapictureforme.

vgiveit/themtome

九、不定代词:

vother,another,others与theother的用法:

A.●,◆one…theother(one)…(两者中)另一个

例:

Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,theother(one)isblue.

B.●,◆◆◆one…theothers/theother…(多者中)其余的

例:

Ihavefourgoodfriends.Oneisadoctor,theothersareworkers.

C.●,◆○○one…another(one)…(多者中)另一个

例:

Ihavefivebrothers.Oneisadoctor,anotherisadriver,theothersareworkers.

D.●●,◆◆○○some…others…(多者中)有些

例:

Theboysareonthefarm.Someareplantingtrees,othersarewateringtheflowers.

E.●●●,◆◆◆some…theothers/theotherones(多者中)其余的

例:

Thereare15books.SomeareChinese,theothersareEnglish.

SomeareChinese,theotherbooksareEnglish.

表否定

表肯定

可数

few(几乎没有)

afew(几个;一些)

不可数

little(几乎没有)

alittle(一点儿少许)

vafew/few/alittle/little的用法:

十、介词表达法:

v表时间:

1.inthemorning/intheafternoon/intheevening

2.onMonday/Tuesday/Wednesday

3.onMondaymorning

4.onasnowymorning

5.onarainyday

6.onthemorningofOctober1st

7.atseveno’clock

8.foralongtime/forthreehours

9.atnoon

10.atnight

11.atweekends

12.onweekdays

13.in1998

14.inSeptember,1998

15.onSeptember10th,1998

v表地点

1.athome

2.atschool

3.atthecinema

4.inaschool

5.inafactory

6.inChina

7.inAsia

8.intheworld

v表位置

1.infrontof在……前面

2.behind在……后面

3.beopposite在……对面

4.nextto紧挨着

5.near在……附近

6.beside在……旁边

7.ontheleft在……左边

8.ontheright在……右边

9.inthefrontof在……(内部)的前面

10.atthebackof在……(内部)的后面

11.inthemiddleof在……的中间

12.between…and…在两者之间

13.under在…下面

14.over在……上面(正上方)

15.on在……上面(表面接触)

v辨析:

1.onthetreeTherearesomeapplesonthetree.

2.inthetreeThereisabirdinthetree.

1.onthewallThereisapicturesonthewall.

2.inthewallTherearesomewindowsinthewall.

1.across穿过(表面)Walkacrosstheroad.

2.through穿过(内部)Gothroughthepark.

十一、主谓一致:

主谓一致一般遵循以下三个原则:

❆语法一致原则,即谓语动词同主语在单复数形式上保持一致。

如:

Sheisaclevergirl.WecomefromDongying.Hegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.

❆概念一致原则,即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语表达的概念。

如:

Myfamilyareallwell.Breadandmilkarebothgoodforourhealth.

❆就近一致原则,即谓语动词的单复数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。

如:

Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.

(1)人称、数的一致。

如:

IamanEnglishteacher.

ThemanstudiesEnglisheveryholiday.

ThewomaniscalledMrs.Green.

(2)集体名词family,team,group,class作主语时

如果强调整体这一概念,谓语动词用单数;Hisfamilyisabigone.

如果强调集体成员,谓语动词用复数。

Thefamilyaresittingattable.

(3)主语是抽象概念、不可数名词或由some,no,every,any与body,one,thing等组成的不定代词时,谓语动词用单数。

如:

Waterisveryimportantforeveryone.Everyonelikesswimming.

(4)动名词、动词不定时,谓语动词用单数。

如:

WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforoureyes.

Togiveisbetterthantoreceive.

(5)表示时间、金钱、度量、重量、距离等的复数名词作主语时,通常看作整体,谓语动词用单数。

如:

Twomonthsisquitealongtime。

Fivethousandkilometersisalongway.

(6)有些名词如people,police等形式上是单数,意义上却是复数,故谓语动词用复数形式;而有些名词,如politics,maths,physics,news等形式上是复数,实为单数或不可数名词,其谓语动词用单数。

如:

MathsismoredifficultthanChinese.

Thepolicearesearchingfortherobber.

Nonewsisgoodnews.

(7)trousers,shoes,glasses,clothes等做主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果其前面有a/thispairof,asuitof,pairs/suitsof等量词,则往往跟p

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