高考整理 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题8 议论说理类附答案.docx

高考整理 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题8 议论说理类附答案.docx

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高考整理八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题8议论说理类附答案

第一部分阅读理解

考点8议论说理类

1．（2017浙江）

FLORENCE，Italy—SvetlanaCojochrufeelshurt．TheMoldovanhaslivedheresevenyearsasacaregivertoItaliankidsandtheelderly，butinordertostayshe’shadtoproveherlanguageskillsbytakingatestwhichrequireshertowriteapostcardtoanimaginaryfriendandanswerafictionaljobad．

ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant（移民）populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits，orinsomecases，citizenship．

Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs，suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration（融合）．Otherssayit’sonlynaturalthatnewcomerslearnthelanguageoftheirhostnation，seeingitasaconditiontoensuretheycancontributetosociety．

OtherEuropeancountrieslaiddownasimilarrequirementforimmigrants，andsometermsareeventougher．Thegovernmentsarguethatthiswillhelpforeignersbetterjointhesocietyandpromoteunderstandingacrosscultures．

Italy，whichhasamuchweakertraditionofimmigration，haswitnessedasharpincreaseinimmigrationinrecentyears．In1990，immigrantsnumberedsome1．14millionoutofItaly’sthen56．7millionpeople，orabout2percent．Atthestartofthisyear，foreignerslivinginItalyamountedto4．56millionofatotalpopulationof60．6million，or7．5percent，withimmigrants’childrenaccountingforanevenlargerpercentageofbirthsinItaly．

Cojochru，theMoldovancaregiver，hopedobtainingpermanentresidence（居住权）wouldhelpherbringhertwochildrentoItaly；theylivewithhersisterinMoldova，wheresalariesareamongthelowestinEurope．Shewasskepticalthatthelanguagerequirementwouldencourageintegration．

Italiansalways“seemeasaforeigner，”anoutsider，eventhoughshe’sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently，shesaid．

28．WhydoesCojochruhavetotakealanguagetest?

A．TocontinuetostayinItaly．B．ToteachherchildrenItalian．

C．TofindabetterjobinItaly．D．TobettermixwiththeItalians．

29．Somepeopleworrythatthenewlanguagerequirementmay________．

A．reduceItaly’spopulationquicklyB．causeconflictsamongpeople

C．leadtofinancialdifficultiesD．putpressureonschools

30．WhatdoweknowaboutCojochru?

A．SheliveswithhersisternowinItaly．

B．SheenjoyslearningtheItalianlanguage．

C．ShespeaksItalianwellenoughforherjob．

D．Shewishestogobacktoherhomecountry．

2．（2017天津）

D

Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting．Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting，andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?

Tounderstandtheissue，let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”．

TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait．Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall．Takefillingupthekitchensink（洗碗池）asanexample．Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull．Duringthesewaits，thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks．Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless．

AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait．Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline．ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait．Directionsareveryspecific．“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil，addmix，simmerthreeminutes，removefromheat，letstandfiveminutes．”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly．Afterall，ForcedWaitingrequirespatience．

PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait．Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary．UnliketheForcedWait，whichisalsovoluntary，waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen．

Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope，andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus．Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes，buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit．Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit，wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody．

Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting．Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky，don’tbedesperate．You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy．

51．WhiledoingaWatched-PotWait，wetendto___________．

A．keepourselvesbusyB．getabsent-minded

C．growanxiousD．stayfocused

52．WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?

\

A．TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control．

B．TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive．

C．TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections．

D．TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain．

53．WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?

A．ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait．

B．Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult．

C．ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait．

D．Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope．

54．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting?

A．Takeitseriously．B．Don’trelyonothers．

C．Dosomethingelse．D．Don’tloseheart．

55．Theauthorsupportshisviewby_________．

A．exploringvariouscausesof“waits”．

B．describingdetailedprocessesof“waits”．

C．analyzingdifferentcategoriesof“waits”

D．revealingfrustratingconsequencesof“waits”

3．（2016全国卷Ⅰ）

GrandparentsAnsweraCall

Asathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverpleasedmoveaway,EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelptheirchildren,shepolitelyrefused．OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs．Garzafinallysayyes．Thatwasfouryearsago．Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemovetoasuccess，givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities．

NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertothechildrenandgrandchildren．Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing．EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters．Accordingtoastudygrandparentscom．83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs．Robinson‘sdecisionwillinfluencethegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily．Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily．

“inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents．Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’rerainingchildren．”

Movingisnotforeveryone．Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead．Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder．

25．WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?

A．Itstrengthenedherfamilyties．

B．Itimprovedherlivingconditions．

C．Itenabledhermakemorefriends．

D．Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces．

26．WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs．Robinson’sdecision?

A．17%expressedtheirsupportforit．

B．Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically．

C．83%believedithadabadinfluence．

D．Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend．

27．WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?

A．Theywereunsureofraisemorechildren．

B．Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren．

C．Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents．

D．Theybadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparent．

28．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?

A．Makedecisionsinthebestinterests'oftheirown．

B．Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem．

C．Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren．

D．Gettoknowthemselvesbetter．

4．（2016北京）

WhyCollegeIsNotHome

Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy（自主性）andthedevelopmentofadultidentity．However，nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence，duringwhichmanyoftoday’sstudentsandarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities．

Forpreviousgenerations，collegewasdecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol；guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin．Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones，emailandsocialmedia，haveincreasedsignificantly．Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework．Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility，universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome．

Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility，collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation．Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon”newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectually（在思维方面）andpersonally．Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews．Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning．

Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant．Becauseacollegecommunity（群体）differsfromthefamily，manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging．Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorstoregulatetheirsoc