人机工程学与造型设计中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

人机工程学与造型设计中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

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人机工程学与造型设计中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文资料外文翻译

ErgonomicsandDesign

Modernhigh-techsocietyofrapiddevelopment,isgraduallychangingtotheproductionofhumanlifeineveryaspectthedisplayofhumangreatnessandstrengthtoconquerunparalleledwisdom,butithasbroughtnewhumananguishandanxietyThatisthefeelingofloneliness,alienationandemotionalimbalance.Inahigh-techsociety,peoplewouldseekabalance--ahigh-techandhighemotionalbalance,Ahighandhighhumanrationalbalance.Technologyprogressed,thegreaterthedesiretobalancestrong.SoJohnthat:

"Nomatterwhereneededcompensatoryhighemotion.Ourhigh-techsocietymoreWehopetocreatemorehighemotionalenvironment,thetechniquesusedtobalancethesoftwaresideofrigidside,"Suchemotionandhumanitytoachievebalance,andhumanlifeascloselyrelatedtothedesignoftheresponsibility.

Goodsmodelingandergonomicsiscombined.Theycanbedescribedas:

Centerforpsychological,physiologicalradius,usedtoestablishandthings（products）harmoniousrelationsbetweenthewaytomaximizethepotentialofexcavation,acomprehensiveandbalanceduseofmuscleenergy,theprotectionofhumanhealth,andtherebyincreaseproductivity.Fromthecontextofindustrialdesign,thebigaerospacesystems,urbanplanning,infrastructureconstruction,factoryautomation,mechanicalequipment,transport,smallfurniture,clothing,stationeryandflowerpots,cups,bowlsandchopsticksproduction,suchasthecreationoflifewiththe"objects"inthedesignandmanufacturemusttakethe"humanfactor"asanimportantconditiontoconsider.Iftheproductcategoriesdividedintoprofessionalsuppliesandgeneralsupplies,professionalsuppliesinergonomics,ontheotherhand,therewillbemoreconsideration,Itreliesalotonthelevelofphysiology;andgeneralproductsitmustbalancethepsychologicalproblemsneedmoreaestheticandthedesigntrend,whichistobetheproductofhumannature-baseddemand.

Ergonomicsapplicationareas:

1computerterminal:

Designandlayout:

computerproductsandperipheralsdesignandlayout,computerterminalworkstations,displayequipmentandrulesofthescreenhealthandsafety,ergonomicofficeenvironment;

2industrialdesignapplication,"Informationdesignandmarket/userresearch,medicalequipment,seatingcomfortanddesignstudyseatingdesignandclassification,classificationandselectionoffurniture;

3man-machineinterfacedesignandevaluation:

theman-machineinterfacedesignanddevelopment,knowledgesystems,man-machineinterfaceforms,HCI/MMIprototypeGUIprototype

4computerterminals:

Designandlayout:

computerproductsandperipheralsdesignandlayout,computerterminalworkstations,displayequipmentandrulesofthescreenhealthandsafety,ergonomicofficeenvironment;

5officeergonomicsanddesign:

officeautomation,officeequipmentandofficedesign,layoutandergonomics;

otherspecialergonomicapplications:

nuclearenergy,themilitaryman-machineengineering,processcontrol,culturalsurveysandresearchmethodsAutomaticSpeechRecognition；,Manyaspectsoftheapplicationofergonomics.

Well,foraproductishowtoevaluateitinergonomicsstandardwithregard?

Germanydesigncenter,forexample,inselectingtheannualqualityproducts,ergonomicsetonthefollowingcriteria:

1）productsandhumandimensions,shapeandstrengthmatch;

2）theproductiseasytomanageandmakegooduse;

3）topreventtheuseofoperatorinjuryandaccidentsatthewrongtimewiththedanger;

4）thepracticaloperationoftheunits;placementofthecomponentsonthesignificanceofitcannodoubtbeidentifiedandtracked;

5）whetherornottheproductstofacilitatecleaning,maintenanceandrepair.

So-calledergonomics,whichistheapplicationofanthropometry,thehumanbodymechanics,workphysiology,workingonthefieldsofpsychologyresearchmethods,thehumanbodystructureandfunctioncharacteristics,Bodypartsofthesize,weight,bodysurfacearea,density,thefocusofsomeofthehumanactivitiesinthemutualrelationsandthescopeofthehumanandstructuralcharacteristicsofparameters;alsopartofthehumaneffort,thescopeofitsactivities,movementspeed,movementfrequency,focuschangesandmovementsofhumanhabitsfunctionparameters,theanalysisofthevisual,auditory,SkinSenseandsensitivity,andothersensorycharacteristicsoffunction;Analysisoflaborinthevariousphysiologicalchanges,energyconsumption,Themechanismoffatigueonvariouslaborloadadaptability;Toinvestigatetheimpactoftheworkofpsychologicalfactorsandpsychologicalfactorsontheefficiencyoftheimpact.

ErgonomicsResearchcontentanddesigndisciplinesfortherolecanbesummarizedasthefollowing:

Industrialdesignconsiderations"humanfactors"forthehumanscaleparameters:

anthropometry,humanbiomechanics,physiology,psychologyandotherdisciplinesofstudytohumanmusclestructureandcharacteristicscanbestudiedwithpartsofthehumanbody,thesize,bodyweight,bodysurfacearea,density,thefocusofsomeofthehumanactivitiesinthemutualrelationsandthescopeandstructureofthehumanbodysuchasthecharacteristicparametersforeachpartofhumanhairofthescope,thescopeofactivities,movementspeed,frequency,thefocuschangeswhenheinertiaanddynamicparametersofthevisual,auditory,tactile,andolfactorysensorymuscularlimbs,whichcanbeanalyzedinthelaborphysiologicalchanges,energyconsumption,fatigueandworkloadofvariousadaptations,investigatethepsychologicalimpactoftheworkofthestate,andpsychologicalfactorsontheefficiencyoftheimpact.Ergonomicresearch,industrialdesignfullyconsider"humanfactors"forthehumanscalestructure,physiologicalcriteriaandthepsychologicalscales,andotherdata,suchdatacanbeeffectivelyappliedtotheindustrialdesign.

Industrialdesign"products"functionthatprovidesareasonablescientificbasis:

amodernindustrialdesign,Ifpurefunctionalmaterialcreativeactivitieswithoutconsideringtheneedsofergonomics,itwillbecreativeactivitiesfailure.Therefore,howtosolvethe"product"andpeoplerelatedtothefunctionoftheoptimization,createdwiththephysiologicalandpsychologicalmusclecoordinationcanbethe"product",whichwillbecontemporaryindustrialdesign,inafunctionalissueanewtopic.Ergonomicprinciplesandlawsofthedesignerbeforethedesignconsideration.

Ergonomicsnotablefeatureisthattheseriousstudyofthehuman-machine,thethreeelementsoftheenvironmentitselfonthebasisofcharacteristics,notsimplyfocusontheindividualelementsofthefineornot,butwoulduse"objects"anddesigned"objects"andwith"objects"bythecoexistenceoftheenvironmentasasystemtostudy.Ergonomicsinthesystemwillbeknownas"--machines--environmentalsystem."Thesystem,man-machine-environmentinteractionsbetweenthreeelements,interdependentrelationshipdeterminestheoverallsystemperformance.Thesubjectofman-machinesystemdesigntheoryisthatthescientificuseofthethreeelementsoftheorganiclinksbetweenthesearchforthebestsystemparameters.Thegeneraldesignapproachisusuallyclearinthewholesystemundertheprerequisitethatwillfocusonanalyzingandstudyingthepeopleandtheairplane,Environmentthreeelementsofthesystem'soverallperformance,suchasaircraftsystemsandthedivisionoffunctions;tie;howtoadapttotheenvironment;Machinesonwhatistheimpactontheenvironmentandotherissues,throughconstantrevisionandperfectingthethreeelementsofthestructure,ultimatelyensurethattheoptimumcombinationisachieved.ThisistheergonomicsoftheIndustrialDesignopenedupnewideas,andoffersauniquedesignmethodsandtheory.

Designandergonomicsoftheartsandculturalatmosphereandman-machineinterfaceusinginexpensivetomakeproductsmoreuser-inthehumanself-transformationgraduallyreturningtothematerialworld,tograduallycreateahumanlivingspaceoftheirown.

DesignelementsofthemodelingforthedesignconcernsthemostimportantaspectTheessenceofdesignandcharacteristicsmustpasssomeformofwhichisclear,specific,tofruition.Inthepast,foraverylongtimeitwasknownindustrialdesignas"theindustrialimages,"althoughnotveryscientificandnorms,However,thenumberofshowsinthedesignmodelingoftheimportanceandattentionwas."ProductSemantics,"Modelinghasbecomeanimportantsymbol.ItaliandesignersstalledKosovorootsinthe1980sdesignedBrachairs,thechairsusingthetraditionalstructure,However,itcoverstheuseofsoftandfullofdesigncurvesofthefemalebodyshape,andpeoplegetcomfortableandsofttotheimagination.veryinteresting.Thedesignandcolorshavetorelyonthemselvestoformcanexist,wemustshapeifitisareflectionofspecificsignificance.Butcolorisaspecificconfigurationandintegration,itwillhaveaverystrongfeelingandcolorfeaturesandapowerfulspiritualimpact.ContemporaryAmericanvisualartspsychologistsMexicosaid:

"variouscolorstoarouseemotionsandexpresstheirfeelings,evenaffectournormalphysiologicalfeelings."Soisthegeneralaestheticcolormostcommonlyintheformofcolorsdesignhumanizedexpressionoftheimportantfactors.Bauhausmoderndesignupholdthetraditionofmodernistdesign,mostlyblack,white,grayandothercolorsoftheneutralexpressionoflanguage,reflectacalm,rationalproductcharacteristics.ModernDesignstronglyopposedemptyandthefewdecorations,decorativeanti-known.However,inlinewithmechanizedtechnologyforlarge-scaleproduction,underthepr