南京一模任务型题目归类.docx
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南京一模任务型题目归类
2018年南京一模任务型题目归类
题型总览：
1、同义句转换
createstories=makeupstories;makesthbetter=improvesth;
notallowsbtodosth=prevent/stop/keepsbfromdoingsth;notdosth=withoutdoingsth;unless=if...not;（3not）
thepopulationgoesup=thepopulationbecomeslarger/bigger;
insteadof=ratherthan;goon=continue;dopoorlyinsth=beweak/pooratsth;bringsbsomepeace=helpsbcalmdown;love=like...best/most;smileback=smiletosbinreturn;another=onemore
2、同义词、反义词替换
stop-keep/continue;less-more;impatient-patient
三、词性转换类
smartly-smart;worry-worried;suited-suitable/fit;possibility-possible;
worries-worried;include-including
四、词形转换类
use-using；enter-entering
五、概括类
advantages;services;reasons;results;effects/influence
一、同义替换：
【2018一模鼓楼】1.Asaboy,heoftencreatedstoriestomakehisbrothersandsistershappy.Heupstoriestomakehisbrothersandsistershappy.
解析：
同意替换，createstories=makeupstories
答案：
made
【2018一模溧水】2.Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoes（蚊子）tobreed（繁殖）.
♦Theymosquitoesfrombreeding.
解析：
同义替换，don’tallowsbtodosth=prevent/stop/keepsbfromdoingsth
答案：
prevent/stop/keep
【2018一模溧水】3.What'smore,plantingaraingardenhelpscutdownonpollutionandmaketheenvironmentbetter.
♦Theyhelptocutdownonpollutionandtheenvironment.
解析：
同义替换，makesthbetter=improvesth
答案：
improve
【2018一模溧水】4.Thegardensdon’tuseexpensivemachineryandchemicals.Theyremoveharmfulchemicalsintherainwaterandreducetheamountofpollutionreachingstreamsandriversbyupto30%.
30%ofthepollutionisreducedusingmachineryandchemicals.
解析：
句意转换，表示notdosth=withoutdoingsth，可以替换not
答案：
without
【2018一模溧水】5.Don’twateritifyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.♦Waterthegardenyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.
解析：
句意转换，unless=if...not，因此有否定的概念在里面，可以替换not
答案：
unless
【2018一模建邺】6.ThepopulationofEarthisstillgoingup.
ThepopulationonEarthisbecomingthanbefore.
解析：
同义句，thepopulationgoesup=thepopulationbecomeslarger/bigger.
答案：
larger/bigger
【2018一模建邺】7.Atthemomentwegrowplantsforfuelingoodland.Ifwedoitindesertsinstead,moregoodlandcanbeusedtogrowplantsforfood.
Itwillbebetterifwecangrowplantsforfuelindesertsthaningoodland.
解析：
意义替换，insteadof=ratherthan
答案：
rather
【2018一模秦淮】8.“Ifeelreallyhappytogoonsharinghappinesswithotherpeoplebyshortvideos,”saidElsa.
Elsafeelshappytosharingvideoswithothers.
解析：
同义替换，goon=continue
答案：
continue
【2018一模秦淮】9.Somevideosaretellingpeoplewhatproductsareworthbuying.Someusersbuytheproductsafterwatching,buttheyshouldthinktwice.Iftheydon’tthinkcarefully,theymayregretsoon.
Someuserseasilybuyproductswhichareintroducedinthevideosthinkingcarefully,andtheymayregretsoon.
解析：
意思转换，don’tthinkcarefully=withoutthinkingsthcarefully
答案：
without
【2018一模玄武】10.Youmaynotsleepwell,feelverytired,loseinterestinactivities,ordopoorlyinschoolwork.
Beatschoolwork.
解析：
同义替换，dopoorlyinsth=beweak/pooratsth
答案：
weak/poor
【2018一模玄武】11.Gettingoutcanbehardifyoufeellikeyoudon’twanttobearoundpeople.That’sOKfornow,butatleastmakeyourselfwalktoaspotwithanicevieworaplacethatbringsyousomepeace.
Goingsomewherewithniceviewscanhelpyoudown.
解析：
同义替换，bringsbsomepeace=helpsbcalmdown
答案：
calm
【2018一模玄武】12.Don’toverdoit,butallowyourselftoeatwhateverfoodsyoulove.
Eatfoodyoulike
解析：
同意替换，love=like...best/most
答案：
best/most
【2018一模玄武】13.Practiceathomefirst,andthengotoapublicplaceandwearthatsmile.Peoplewillsmileback,andthatwillmakeyoufeelhappier.
Smiletoothers,thentheywillsmiletoyouin.
解析：
同义替换，smileback=smiletosbinreturn,back与inreturn
答案：
return
【2018一模玄武】14.Youcan’tdoeverythingonthislistatonce,sotryoneortwoideas,andseewhatworksforyou.Iftheresultsarepositive,thentryanother.
Iftheresultsarepositive,thentryone.
解析：
同义替换，another=onemore
答案：
more
二、反义词：
【2018一模鼓楼】15.David,thedreamer,grewupandbecameateacher.Hedidn’tstopdreaming,though.
Hedreamingasbefore.
解析：
反义词，stop-keep/continue
答案：
kept/continued
【2018一模建邺】16.Itcanabsorb（吸收）carbondioxide（CO₂）atnight.Itonlyneeds10timeslesswaterthanfoodplantslikebeans.
Foodplantslikebeansneed10timeswaterthanitdoesindeserts.
解析：
反义词，比较句，less-more
答案：
more
【2018一模秦淮】17.“BecauseIcan’tspendmanyhourswatchingacompletevideoandIamaveryimpatientperson.Idon’tlikewaitingforaprogramtoend.IprefertowatchshortvideosofwonderfulpartsinaconcertoraTVseries,”saidWangZhihao.
Touserswhoarenotenough,ittakeslesstimetowatchshortvideos."
解析：
反义词，impatient-patient
答案：
patient
三、词性转换
【2018一模溧水】18.Raingardenssmartlyusedrainandstormwater.
Raingardensuseraininways.
解析：
词性转换，smartly形容词smart
答案：
smart
【2018一模建邺】19.Therewillbelessandlessgoodlandforgrowingcropsinthefuture.Peopleworrythattherewillnotbeenoughfoodforeveryoneinthemiddleofthiscentury.
Therewillnotbeenoughfoodinthefuture,whichmakespeople.
解析：
词性转换，sbworrysth=sthmakesbworried
答案：
worried
【2018一模建邺】20.Althoughitisdangeroustoeatthisplant,scientistscanstillstudysomethingaboutit:
howitabsorbsCO₂atnightwhilemanyotherplantsonlydothisduringtheday,andwhyitissuitedtothedesert.
◆ThescientistsarestudyinghowitabsorbsCO₂andwhyitisforlivingindesert.
解析：
词性转换，besuitedtothedesert=besuitable/fitforlivingindesert.
答案：
suitable/fit
【2018一模建邺】21.Producingadesertplanttoeatwillbedifficult,butthereisstillpossibilitytousethegenes（基因）fromthisplantandputthemintofoodplants.
◆Itistousegenesfromoneplantandthenputitinsideanother.
解析：
词性转换，thereispossibilitytodosth=itispossibletodosth
答案：
possible
【2018一模联合体】22.Worriesaboutfoodsafety,forexamplemadcowdisease,alsoplayapart.Somepeopleareaboutfoodsafety.Theydon’tthinkthemeattheyeataresafeenough.
解析：
词性变换，worries-worried
答案：
worried
【2018一模玄武】23.Certainfoodsthatincludesomethingspeciallikefreshpeach,darkchocolatecanmakeyoufeelhappier.
Anyfood,somethingspecialcancheeryouup.Forexample,darkchocolateandpeachescanhelpfightlowmoods.
解析：
词性变换，include-including
答案：
including
四、词形变换
【2018一模联合体】24.AnotherrisingtrendappearsintheUK’sfoodproduction.Theywanttheirfoodtobeorganicallyproduced.OrganicfarmersuseveryfewornochemicalsOrganicfarmersuseveryfewornochemicals.
Organicmeatisproducedwithoutdrugs.
解析：
词形变换，
答案：
using
【2018一模溧水】25.Raingardenssmartlyusedrainandstormwaterbytemporarily（暂时）holdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak（渗透）slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply.
Rainwaterisheldandsoaksintothegroundbeforerunningintostreamsorthedrinkingwatersupply.
解析：
词性转换，before后面加句子=before后面加现在分词形式
答案：
entering
五、总结概括
【2018一模溧水】26.ofraingardens
Raingardenssmartlyusedrainandstormwaterbytemporarily（暂时）holdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak（渗透）slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply.
Thewaterwillsoak.Slowlyintothegroundwithinadayortwo.Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoes（蚊子）tobreed（繁殖）.
解析：
总结概括
答案：
Advantages
【2018一模秦淮】27.Someshortvideosevensellfake（假）products,butthesesellerswon’tletyoureturnthemtogetyourmoneyback,ordealwithyourtrouble.
Someshortvideossellfakeproducts,buttheydon’tofferbuyersanyafterselling."
解析：
总结概括，难题
答案：
service（s）
【2018一模联合体】28.Threeforcuttingoutmeat
SowhyareBritishpeoplecuttingoutmeat?
Manyareunhappyaboutthepoortreatmentofanimalsandtheeffectsofmeatandfishproductionontheenvironment.Worriesaboutfoodsafety,forexamplemadcowdisease,alsoplayapart.Otherschoosetochangetheireatinghabitstogethealthier.AccordingtotheVegetarianSociety,ameat-freedietcouldhelppreventthecertaincancers,aswellasheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure（压力）.
解析：
概括why-reason
答案：
reasons
【2018一模玄武】29.Youstilloftenendupwithbadfeelings.Youmaynotsleepwell,feelverytired,loseinterestinactivities,ordopoorlyinschoolwork.
Theofbadfeelings
解析：
概括总结
答案：
results/influence
六、句型或者句意方面的变换
句子变介词词组
【2018一模鼓楼】30.Daviddecidedtotakeabreakfromteachingwhenhisfirstsonwasborn.Hetookabreakfromteachinghisson’sbirth.
解析：
句子变介词词组
答案：
after
【2018一模联合体】31.MoreandmoreBritishpeoplearedecidingnottoeatmeatandanimalproducts.Asaresult,vegetarianism（素食主义）isincreasingintheUK.
VegetarianismisincreasingintheUKmoreandmoreBritishpeoplearechoosingtoliveameat-freestyle.
解析：
反义词组，asaresult-because
答案：
because
主动变被动
【2018一模联合体】32.There’sevenaNationalVegetarianWeekorganizedeveryyeartoencouragepeopletotryameat-freelifestyle.
ThegovernmentaNationalVegetarianWeekeveryyeartoencouragepeopletostopeatingmeat.
解析：
主动-被动，organized-beorganized
答案：
organizes
【2018一模玄武】33.Iknowwhenyou’reinalowmood,youmaynotwanttomakeyourselflaugh.Butthecycleofsadnessmustbebrokensoyoucangetbacktoyournormallife,andthisisaveryeasywaytostart.
Watchingacomedycanhelpyouthecycleofsadness.
解析：
被动-主动，bebroken-break
答案：
break
句意转换
【2018一模秦淮】34.IfyouwanttoknowwhichsocialappChineseyoungpeopleusealotnow,youhadbetternotmiss“shortvideos”."l
Shortvideoapps,includingTikTok（抖音）
升级会员 