山东省中考英语题型专项练习任务型阅读.docx
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山东省中考英语题型专项练习任务型阅读
题型二任务型阅读
第一节回答问题型
Passage1
EverySaturday,WangWeifangputsonaplaywithhisfriendsinasmalltownnearXi’an.Theaudiencecanhearthem,buttheycannotseethem.Thatisbecausetheyareputtingonashadowplay（皮影戏）.
Shadowpuppets（玩偶）aremadeofhardleather.Theleatheriscutoutintheshapeofaperson,ananimaloranobject.Eachpuppetispaintedinbrightcoloursandputonastick.Somepuppetshavemovablearmsandlegs.
Duringashadowplay,Wangstandsbehindawhitescreenwithlightsbehindit.Theaudiencesitinfrontofthescreen.Wangandhisfriendsholdthepuppetsveryclosetothescreensotheaudiencecanseethepuppets’shadowsclearly.Thentheymovethepuppetsaroundanddothevoicesofthedifferentcharacters.
ShadowplaysareanancientChineseart.NowwithTVsandfilms,shadowplaysarenotaspopularasbefore.
Wangandhisfriendsoftenworkveryhardforlittlemoney,buttheydonotmind.Theywanttokeepthistraditionalartformalive.
41.HowoftendoesWangWeifangwithhisfriendsputonashadowplay?
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42.Whataretheshadowpuppetsmadeof?
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43.Whatcolordoesthescreenuseintheplay?
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44.Aretheshadowplaysstillpopularnow?
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45.WhydoWangandhisfriendsworkhardattheshadowplay?
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【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了中国的一种古老的艺术形式——皮影戏，以及王伟方和他的朋友们为保护皮影戏所做出的努力。
41.Onceaweek.【解析】题干意为：
王伟方和他的朋友们多久演一次皮影戏？
根据第一段第一句“EverySaturday,WangWeifangputsonaplaywithhisfriendsinasmalltownnearXi’an.”可知，王伟方和他的朋友每周六都在西安附近的一个小镇上演皮影戏，即每周一次，故答案是Onceaweek。
42.Hardleather.【解析】题干意为：
皮影戏的玩偶是由什么制成的？
根据第二段第一句“Shadowpuppets（玩偶）aremadeofhardleather.”可知，皮影戏的玩偶是由硬皮革制成的，故答案是Hardleather。
43.White.【解析】题干意为：
在表演中使用的幕布是什么颜色的？
根据第三段第一句“Duringashadowplay,Wangstandsbehindawhitescreenwithlightsbehindit.”可知，在皮影戏的表演中，王伟方站在白色幕布后面，幕布后有灯光，故答案是White。
44.No,theyaren’t.【解析】题干意为：
皮影戏现在还仍然流行吗？
根据第四段最后一句“NowwithTVsandfilms,shadowplaysarenotaspopularasbefore.”可知，现在有电视和电影，皮影戏不再像过去那样流行了，故答案是No,theyaren’t。
45.Becausetheywanttokeepthistraditionalartformalive.【解析】题干意为：
为什么王伟方和他的朋友们要努力演皮影戏？
根据最后一段最后一句“Theywanttokeepthistraditionalartformalive.”可知，因为他们想要让这种传统的艺术形式存活下去，故答案是Becausetheywanttokeepthistraditionalartformalive。
Passage2
Ifyouthinkitiscoldwhereyouareatthemoment,thenavisittotheRussianvillageofOymyakonmightjustchangeyourmind.ThesmallvillageisintheheartofSiberia（西伯利亚）.ThenameOymyakonmeans“non-freezingwater”becauseofanearbyhotspring,butitisindeedthecoldestinhabited（有人居住的）placeontheearth.
OymyakonsitsjustafewhundredmilesfromtheArcticCircle（北极圈）.Theaverage（平均）temperatureremainsbelow50°Cinwinterandthelowesttemperaturetherewas67.7°C.ThisisthelowestrecordedtemperatureintheNorthernHemisphere（北半球）.Oymyakoniswhiteinwinter,sinceeverythingisfrozenandcoveredwiththicksnow.Butit’salsodark—thelengthofdaytimeisonlythreehours.
Becauseoftheweather,people’slifethereisinconvenient（不方便的）,yetsimpleandtraditional.Mosthomesstillburncoalandwoodforheat.Whenpeoplegooutside,theyhavetowearfurcoatstostaywarm.Theycan’twearglasses,ortheglasseswillfreezetotheirface.Therearefewmodernconveniencesforthemtoenjoy.Peopledon’tusemobilephones,becausethebatteries（电池）cannotworkinsuchlowtemperatures.Carscanonlybeplacedinheatedgarages.Theonesleftoutsidemustkeeprunning,ortheywon’trestart.
46.WhichcountrydoesthevillageOymyakonliein?
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47.HowfarisitfromOymyakontotheArcticCircle?
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48.WhichseasonhastheshortestdaytimeinthevillageOymyakon?
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49.Whatdothevillagerswearwhentheygooutdoors?
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50.Whycan’tthemobilephonesbeusedinOymyakon?
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【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了俄罗斯的一个叫做Oymyakon的小村庄的气候以及那儿的人们的生活方式。
46.Russia.【解析】题干意为：
Oymyakon位于哪个国家？
根据第一段第一句“Ifyouthinkitiscoldwhereyouareatthemoment,thenavisittotheRussianvillageofOymyakonmightjustchangeyourmind.”可知，如果你认为现在你在的地方很冷，那么去俄罗斯的Oymyakon村可能会改变你的想法，所以Oymyakon村在俄罗斯，故答案是Russia。
47.Afewhundredmiles.【解析】题干意为：
从Oymyakon村到北极圈有多远？
根据第二段第一句“OymyakonsitsjustafewhundredmilesfromtheArcticCircle（北极圈）.”可知，Oymyakon位于离北极圈仅仅几百英里的地方，故答案是Afewhundredmiles。
48.Winter.【解析】题干意为：
在哪个季节Oymyakon村的白天最短？
根据第二段最后两句“Oymyakoniswhiteinwinter,sinceeverythingisfrozenandcoveredwiththicksnow.Butitsalsodark—thelengthofdaytimeisonlythreehours.”可知Oymyakon村的冬天是白色的，因为一切都被冻结，被厚厚的雪覆盖着。
但是村子又很暗，白天只有三小时。
可知，Oymyakon村冬天的白天时间最短，故答案是Winter。
49.Furcoats.【解析】题干意为：
当村民们出门时，他们穿什么？
根据第三段第三句“Whenpeoplegooutside,theyhavetowearfurcoatstostaywarm.”可知，当人们外出时，他们必须穿皮大衣保暖，故答案是Furcoats。
50.Becausethebatteriescannotworkinsuchlowtemperatures.【解析】题干意为：
为什么在Oymyakon村手机不能被使用？
根据最后一段倒数第三句“Peopledon’tusemobilephones,becausethebatteries（电池）cannotworkinsuchlowtemperatures.”可知，人们不使用手机，因为电池在这样的低温下无法工作。
故答案是Becausethebatteriescannotworkinsuchlowtemperatures。
Passage3
CaféXisaspecialcoffeeshopinAmerica.Gordon,the“barista”（咖啡师）inCaféXwillnotonlygreetyoubyyournamebutalsowishyouapleasantday.Why?
BecauseGordonisnothuman.Itsarobot.Itcanmaketheperfectcupsofcoffeebyusingbeansfromlocalfamouscoffeeshops.
ThefounderofthisspecialcoffeeshopisHenryHu.Hunoticedthatbaristasspentalotoftimemovingaroundcupswhilemakingdrinks.Sohedecidedtobuildafullymechanized（机械的）coffeeshop.AndthisiswhyCaféXwasborn.
CaféXismorelikeakiosk（售货亭）thanatraditionalCafé.Customerscanordertheirdrinkseitherbyusinganapponthephoneorbyusingthecomputersinthecoffeeshop.Whentheorderisplaced,Gordongetstoworktomakecoffee.
Whenthedrinkisready,thecustomerwillreceiveatextwithacode（密码）.Uponenteringit,therobotwillhandoverthecorrectorder.Ifthedrinkisnotpickedupwithineightminutesafterthetextissent,itwillbereplacedbyafreshdrink.HenryHusaysCaféXistryingitsbesttoprovidecustomerswiththegreatestcoffeeintheshortesttimepossible.
46.WhereisthespecialCaféXshopwitharobotbarista?
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47.WhydidHenryHuopenthespecialcoffeeshopCaféX?
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48.Howcanacustomerorderacupofcoffeeifhehasnophone?
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49.Whenwillthecustomerbegivenatextwithacode?
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50.WhatdoesCaféXtrytoprovideforthecustomers?
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【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了一项新型科技——自助咖啡厅。
46.InAmerica.【解析】题干意为：
这个有机器人咖啡师的特别的咖啡屋在什么地方？
根据第一段第一句“CaféXisaspecialcoffeeshopinAmerica.”可知，这个特别的咖啡屋在美国，故答案是InAmerica。
47.Becausehedecided/wantedtobuildafullymechanizedcoffeeshoptoreplacethebusybaristas.【解析】题干意为：
为什么HenryHu要开这个特别的咖啡屋呢？
根据第二段最后三句“Hunoticedthatbaristasspentalotoftimemoving...Sohedecidedtobuildafullymechanized（机械的）coffeeshop.AndthisiswhyCaféXwasborn.”可知答案。
48.Byusingthecomputersinthecoffeeshop.【解析】题干意为：
如果一个客人没带手机，他怎样才能够点一杯咖啡？
根据第三段第二句“Customerscanordertheirdrinkseitherbyusinganapponthephoneorbyusingthecomputersinthecoffeeshop.”可知答案。
49.Whenthedrink/coffeeisready.【解析】题干意为：
什么时候顾客将会收到一条有密码的短信？
根据第四段第一句“Whenthedrinkisready,thecustomerwillreceiveatextwithacode（密码）.”可知答案。
50.Thegreatestcoffeeintheshortesttimepossible.【解析】题干意为：
CaféX努力要提供给顾客什么？
根据最后一段最后一句“HenryHusaysCaféXistryingitsbesttoprovidecustomerswiththegreatestcoffeeintheshortesttimepossible.”可知答案。
Passage4
Forconvenience（方便）,plentyofpeoplepreferhavingatakeaway（外卖）tocookingathome.Nowthereisanappthroughwhichpeoplecanenjoydeliciousandcheaptakeawayfood.
TooGoodToGo,anappbeingusedintheUK,allowsuserstoorderleftover（剩余的）foodatalowpricefromrestaurants.Thepurposeistohelpcutdownonfoodwaste,aslotsofrestaurantsusuallythrowawaythefoodthatcanstillbeeatenattheendoftheday.
Usersjustneedtopickarestaurantandpaythroughtheapp.Thentheypickuptheirfoodatplannedtimesusuallyaroundclosingtimeorafterpeakmealtimes.
“Foodwasteisoneofthebiggestproblemswehaveinthisworld,”onecreatoroftheappsaid.“Therestaurantindustryiswastingabout600,000tonsoffoodeachyear.”BytheendofAugust,TooGoodToGohadhelpedsaveabout600mealsintheUK.
UsersalsohavethechoicetogivemealstopeoplewhoareinneedbydonatingoneBritishpoundormorethroughtheapp.BytheendofAugust,morethan1,100mealshadbeendonated.
TooGoodToGoisn’tthefirstapptotrytodealwithfoodwaste.InSpain,theYoNoDesperdicioappallowspeopletoexchangeleftoverfoodwitheachother.IntheUS,theFoodCowboyappallowsfoodshopstosell“uglyvegetables”thatmostcustomersdon’tbuytocharitiesandfoodbanksthatneedthem.
69.Whydoplentyofpeoplelikehavingatakeaway?
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70.WhatisthepurposeoftheappTooGoodToGo?
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71.HowdousersorderthetakeawaysthroughtheappTooGoodToGo?
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72.Therearethreeappsthatareusedtodealwithfoodwasteinthearticle.PleaselistTWOofthem.
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