精品解析湖北省武汉市华师一附中学年高一下学期期末英语试题原卷版.docx

精品解析湖北省武汉市华师一附中学年高一下学期期末英语试题原卷版.docx

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精品解析湖北省武汉市华师一附中学年高一下学期期末英语试题原卷版

华中师大一附中2018-2019学年度下学期高一期末检测

英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。

从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？

A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.Doingsomeexercise.C.GettingLydiaagift.

2.Whatisthewomangoingtodo？

A.Helptheman.B.Takeabus.C.Getacamera.

13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando？

A.TellKatetostop.B.CallKate'sfriends.C.StayawayfromKate.

4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？

A.Inawineshop.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.

5.Whatdoesthewomanmean？

A.Keepthewindowclosed.B.Gooutforfreshair.C.Turnonthefan.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。

.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，答第6、7题。

6：

Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer？

A.Teachacourse.B.Repairhishouse.C.Workatahotel.

7

Howwillthemanusethemoney？

A.Tohireagardener.B.Tobuybooks.C.Topayforaboattrip.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？

A.Schoolmates.B.Colleagues.C.Roommates.

9.WhatdoesFrankplantodorightaftergraduation？

A.Workasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题

10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall？

A

Tobookahotelrooish1.

B.Toaskabouttheroomservice.

C.Tomakechangestoareservation

11

Whenwillthewomenarriveatthehotel？

A.OnSeptember15.B.OnSeptember16.C.OnSeptember23.

12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayherroompernight?

A.$179.B.$199.C.$219.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatisthewoman'splanforSaturday?

A.Goingshopping.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingboating.

14.WherewillthewomanstayinKeswick?

A.Inacountryinn.B.Inafive-starhotel.C.Inheraunt'shome.

15.WhatwillGordondoovertheweekend？

A.Visithisfriends.B.WatchDVDs.C.Jointhewoman

16.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon'scomingweekend？

A.Relaxed.B.Boring.C.Busy.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题

17.WhoisWangMing？

A.Astudent.B.Anemployer.C.Anengineer.

18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear？

A.It'sunpredictable.B.It'squitestable.C.It'snotoptimistic.

19.Whatpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow？

A.20%.B.22%.C.50%.

20.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptajob？

A.Theyneedmoreworkexperience.

B.Thesalaryisusuallygood.

C.Theirchoiceislimited.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

VisitorstoBritainmayfindthebestplacetosamplelocalcultureisinatraditionalpub.Butthesefriendlypubscanbedangerousplacesofpotentialgaffes（失礼）forthenewcomers.

AteamofresearchershavediscoveredsomeoftheunknowncustomsofBritishpub-startingwiththedifficultyofgettingadrink.Mostpubshavenowaiters-youhavetogotothebartobuydrinks.AgroupofItalianyouthswaiting45minutesbeforetheyrealizedtheywouldhavetofetchtheirown.Thismaysoundinconvenient,butthereisahiddenpurpose.

Pubcultureisdesignedtopromotesociabilityinasocietyknownforitsreserve.Standingatthebarforserviceallowsyoutochatwithotherswaitingtobeserved.Thebarcounterispossiblytheonly'siteintheBritishIslesinwhichfriendlyconversationwithstrangersisconsideredentirelysuitableandreallyquitenormalbehavior."Ifyouhaven'tbentoapub,youhaven'tbentoBritain."Thistipcanbefoundinabooklet,PassporttothePub:

TheTourists'GuidetoPubEtiquette,acustomers'ruleofconductforthosewantingtosampleacentralpartofBritishlifeandculture"。

Thetroubleisthatifyoudonotfollowthelocalrules,theexperiencemayfallflat.Forexample,ifyouareinabiggroup,itisbestifonlyoneortwopeoplegotobuythedrinks.Nothingannoystheregularcustomersandbarstaffmorethanagroupofstrangersblockingallaccesstothebarwhiletheychatandhesitateaboutwhattoorder.

1.Theunderlinedword"sample"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans"____________”.

A.defendB.experience

C.testD.record

2.ThecultureofpubinBritainissodevelopedto____________.

A.encouragepeopletocommunicatewitheachother

B.encouragemorepeopletoconsumedrinks

C.attractmoretouriststothepubs

D.formitsowncharacterofculture

3.WhatdoestheauthormeanbygivingtheexampleofagroupofItalianyouthsinParagraph2?

A.Britishpubsdon'talwayshavewaitersorwaitresses.

B.ThereisalwaysahiddenpurposeinmostBritishpubs.

C.ItisquiteconvenientforpeopletogetadrinkinBritishpubs.

D.NotknowingthecustomofBritishpubsmaycauseinconvenience.

B

Atfirstglance,thebusinessworldisnoplaceforyoungwomen.asmycofoundersandIhavebeentoldonmanyoccasions.Inspiteofthispessimisticviewofwomen'sopportunityinbusiness,Wethreecollege-agegirlwithzeroexperienceinbusinessstartedoffwithahighlyambitiousgoal:

tostartaseaweedfarminNorthCarolina,andgrowasmuchseaweedaspossibletohelpreducecarbonemissions（排放）andnutrientpollutionfromagriculturalsources.

Inthebeginning,ourideaswereeitherignoredorscoffedbytheresearchersfromwhomwesoughthelpandadvice.Butwecarriedonwithourresearch-ifotherswouldn`tprovideusanswers,weweren'tafraidtotrytoworkthemoutourselves.Wediscoveredwhichspeciescouldgrowinwarmerwaters,andwe'didentifiedpotentialmarketsintowhichweplannedtoselltheproduct.We'vespentthelasttwoyearssettingupthefirstseaweedfarminNC,applyingforapatent（专利）andcompetingwithfivefinalteamsinfrontoftheUnitedNationsfor$1million.

Despiteallofourefforts,manyindustryexpertsremainedunwillingtotakeusseriously.Butasoftenhappensinbusiness,thesamecharacteristicswewereignoredforwere,inreality,ourbiggestcompetitiveadvantage.Ouragegaveusthestrengthtobouncebackfromfailure,andourbackgroundasenvironmentalscientists,ratherthanbusinesswomen,helpedusfindnewmarketingopportunities.Forevery10farmerswhoclaimednobodywouldeverwanttofeedtheircowsseaweed,wefoundonewhowasinterested.Forevery15cosmeticsproducerswhorefusedtoanswerourcoldcalls,westucktotheonewithaninterestingideaforaseaweedlotion.

Overthecourseofourearlybusinessdevelopmentefforts,wehavehadaccesstoawealthofresources,programs,andindividualswhoworkconstantlytohelpussucceed.Bystayingfocusedonbringingourideastolight,ourteamhasdemonstratedthatentrepreneurship（创业）isexactlytherightplaceforthehopeful.

4.Whatwasthemajorcausefortheirdifficultlyinstartingbusiness?

A.Theywerewomen.B.Theywereyoung.

C.Theylackedexperience.D.Theysufferedprejudice.

5.Whatdidtheydotomaketheirbusinesssuccessfulaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theyexpandedtheirseaweedfarms.

B.Theyexperimentedonseaweedspecies.

C.Theygottheirproductofficiallyrecognized.

D.TheyconsultedtheUnitedNations.

6.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A

Howtheybenefitedfromtheirweaknesses.

B.Howtheygotothersinterestedinseaweed.

C.Howtheymadethemselvesmorecompetitive.

D.Howtheyapproachedpotentialcustomers.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethethreewomen?

A.Naiveandsimple-minded.B.Ambitiousandself-centered.

C.Adventurousandpersistent.D.Stubbornandcourageous.

C

Givenachoice,wouldThreeLittleRobotsbeingchasedbyabigbadwolfA）buildsuccessivelymorewolf-resistanthousesorB）killthewolfwiththeirnailgun?

IfyouchoseB）,you'reprobablyarobotwhohasn'tyetmetQuixote,alearningsystemthatteachesrobotshownottokillbyusingfairytales.

WhileStephenHawking,ElonMuskandBillGatestrytoscareuswithtalesofrobotskillinghumans,ateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteof'Technologyisscaringrobotsbyusingfairytalestoteachthemhowtomakeproperdecisionswhenfacedwithreal-worlddilemmaswhilelackingamoral（道德的）compass.Theysuggestrobotscanbetaughtmoralbehaviorusingbooks.Readingfairytalesorstorybookscanhelpthemlearnwhatisgoodandbadandhowtobehavewellinasociety.

“Fables（寓言）fromvariousculturescanprovideartificialintelligencewithsocialskillsandrolemodelsessentialtothepeacefulcoexistenceofmenandrobots,"scientistsatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyclaiminanewstudy.

Accordingtoresearchers,tomakearobotunderstandtheactionsofahumanitmustfirstturnedthemorallessonscontainedinfables-intoaspecificallydesignedarchitectureofreasoning,compatiblewithartificialintelligence.

Anearlyexampleofthisreasoningisasystemcalled"Quixote."namedfortheleadingcharacterofMigueldeCervantes'classicnovel.Quixoteusesfableplotstogivemachineintelligenceguidanceformoralproblem-solvingand,dependingonwhatdeedscharactersengagein,thesystemsendseitherrewardorpunishmentsignals,causingrobotstoactmorehumanely,researcherssuggest.

ThefunctionofQuixoteisdependentuponanothersystemcalled"Scheherazade",apreviousprojectstartedbythesameteam.ScheherazadecollectsdifferentstoryplotsfromInternetanddevelopsinteractivestories.Thosestoriesarethenturnedintodecisionflow-charts,providinga"hugenumberofbranchingpaths"followingeverysteptaken.

Quixoteisintheearlydevelopmentstage,accordingtoresearchers,notingthatitworkscurrentlywithrobotsthatinteractwithhumansinonlyaverysmallrangeoffunction.

8.Whatcanweinferfrom