河北省鸡泽县第一中学学年高二上学期寒假作.docx

河北省鸡泽县第一中学学年高二上学期寒假作.docx

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河北省鸡泽县第一中学学年高二上学期寒假作

2017-2018学年寒假作业英语试题（八）

一．阅读理解（共16小题；共32分）

A

Webuythings,usethem,thenthrowawaythepackaging,largelyunawarethatmostofourtrashendsupinlandfillswhereitcansitfordecades,pollutingthesoilandecosystemsaroundit.Reducingtheamountofgarbageweproduceinthefirstplaceisoneofthebestwaystosavetheplanet.

FromJan.1toDec.31,2012,Isavedeverypieceofmygarbage.No,I'mnothomeless,andIdidn'tlosemymind.Keepingallmytrashmeantliterallylivingwiththeimpactofmydailydecisions,whichledmetomakedramaticchangesinmylifestyle.

IshouldclarifythatIsavedallmynon-biodegradable（不能生物降解的）trash-thingslikeglass,foam,andplastics,whichdon'trotnaturally.Isetasidebananapeels,coffeegrounds,eggshells,andotherbiodegradablewasteforcomposting（制成堆肥）.JustasIwashedmydishes,Iscrubbedmysodacans,potatochipbags,andjuicebottleswithsoapandwaterandhungthemonmydishracktodry."Doesn'tyourtrashstink?

"peopleoftenasked.AslongasIwashedanddriedeverything,itdidn'tsmell.

Ibelievethat"waste"isactuallyaresourcethatcanbeusedratherthandiscarded.Savingmytrashallowedmetorecycleor"repurpose"it.Ratherthanthrowoutmyplasticbags,I'llputthemintoplasticbottlesthatcanbeusedas"bricks"tobuildbusstops,benches,andevenhouses.Thisspring,IwaspartofagroupofstudentsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whousedplasticbrickstocreateabenchforthecampus.

ThoughIwon'tbesavingallmytrashagainthisyear,myexperiencehaspermanentlychangedmyconsumptionhabits.EverytimeIgotothegrocerystore,Ibringreusablebags.AndIavoidconsumingdrinksfromglassbottles.Inshort,I'llneveragainbeabletobuyanythingwithoutpausingtoaskmyself:

IsthisreallysomethingIneed?

Isthereawaytogetitthatinvolveslesswaste?

Ialsohopethatallpeoplewillsee"waste"asjustaresourceinthewrongplace.

1.Theunderlinedword"discarded"inParagraph4means" ".

A.recycledB.valuedC.thrownoutD.handedover

2.Wecanlearnfromthetextthattheauthor .

A.kepthistrashinthegarage

B.savedgarbageforhalfayear

C.madethebestuseofhistrash

D.willcontinuetosavehistrash

3.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theauthor'sexperience .

A.gavehimmuchpleasureandjoy

B.allowedhimtosavealotofmoney

C.madehimshowlittleinterestinshopping

D.increasedhisawarenessoftheneedtoreducewaste

4.Thetextismainlyabout .

A.howgarbageendeduppollutingthesoil

B.howtrashchangesourmodernlifestyle

C.theauthor'sexperienceofsavinggarbage

D.theauthor'sgoodconsumptionhabits

B

Whenwereadnewspapers,weoftencomeacrossthewordpollution.Thiswordwasnotfamiliartothepeoplemanyyearsago.Butnow,itisaseriousthreattousbecauseitmeansthepoisoningoftheair,seas,riversandlands,whichwoulddoharmtoourhealth.

Therearemanyfactoriesthatbringpollutiontous.Wecannothavefreshairinthemorning.Thisismainlybecauseoftheharmfulsmokecomingfromfactories,especiallychemicalones.Theburningproduceswastes,someofwhichremainintheair,causingairpollution.Nearlyallofthecountriesaretryinghardtopreventandcontrolairpollution.

Inrivers,seasandoceans,thereareindustrialwastes.Somefactoriesjustthrowtheirwastesintoseasorletthemflowintorivers.Whenpeopledrinkthewaterfromsuchrivers,theygetpoisoned.Besides,thereisrubbishfromshipsandsometimeswhenanaccidenthappensinanocean,oilflowsoutfromtankers.

Onland,theaccumulation（堆积的）ofrubbishinthestreetsmaydirtythecityandbebadforourhealth.Thisisbecausepeoplecan'tdealwithrubbishinarightway.Ifwedonotfightagainstpollution,surelyonedayallofuswillbekilled.Somepeopleliketoputtheblameontheindustrialrevolutions（革命）.Onthecontrary,thepollutionproblemwillbesolvedonlywiththehelpofmodernscienceandtechnology.Peoplewillcontinuallyfindnewwaystocontrolpollution.However,wemaystillhavealongwaytogobeforewehavea"clean"world.

5.Theunderlinedword"poisoning"inParagraph1probablymeans" ".

A.dealingwiththerubbish

B.makingtheairandwaterdirty

C.bringinginsomethinggood

D.makingtheairandwaterclean

6.Howcanwefightagainstpollution?

A.Torelyonthehelpofscienceandtechnology.

B.Topreventtheindustrialrevolutions.

C.Tocontrolairpollutiononly.

D.Tostoptheproductionofthefactory.

7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?

A.Wehavefoundthebestwaytosolvethepollutionproblem.

B.Wecanreducetheshipstocontrolthewaterpollution.

C.Therubbishinthestreetsisn'tbadforpeople'shealth.

D.Pollutionisaseriousthreattous.

8.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Howtodealwiththerubbishinthestreets.

B.Theproblemoftheoilfromtankers.

C.Theproblemofcontrollingtheindustrialwastes.

D.Theseriouspollutionproblemsofwaterandair.

C

ThesceneintheHollywoodmovieTheDayAfterTomorrow,whereglobalwarmingcouldsoonturntheglobalclimate（气候）intoanewiceage,mayneveroccur,accordingtonewresearch.

Thenexticeagecouldbe15,000yearsaway,sayEuropeanscientistswholastmonthannouncedacontinuousrecordof740,000yearsofclimatedate（数据）obtainedfromtheAntarcticice.

Scientistsfrom10nationshavenowalmostcompletelydrilledthrougha3,000-meterdepthoficehighintheAntarcticmainland.Theyfigureoutthattheareawheresummertemperaturescanfallto,hasatleast900,000yearsofsnowfalls,keptasneatlyasthegrowthringsofatree.Andtheiceandaircaughtineachlayer（层）havebeguntoanswerquestionsabouttheclimatesinthepast.

Theresultsshowthattherehavebeeneighticeagesinthepast740,000yearsandeightwarmerperiods.Andbycomparingthepatternofglobalconditionstodaywiththoseofthepast,theresearchersreportedinNaturethatthepresentwarmperiodcouldlastanother15,000years.

Researchsuggeststhatthereisaverycloseconnectionbetweengreenhousegaslevelsandglobalaveragetemperatures.Italsoshowsthatcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）levelsarethehighestforatleast440,000years.

“Ifpeoplesaytoyou:

thegreenhouseeffectisagoodthingbecausewewouldgointoaniceageotherwise,ourdatesayno,anewiceageisnothangingoverourheads,”saidEricWolfffromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey.“Nowwehaveeightexamplesofhowtheclimategoesinandoutoficeages…andyoucanlearnwhattherulesarethatgointotheclimatemodelsthattellusaboutthefuture.”

Scientistsfoundthatwhenevertemperaturesroseinthefrozenrecord,sodidcarbondioxidelevel.“In440,000yearswehaveneverseengreenhousegasgetasthickasitistoday,”saidDrWolff.

9.IndrillingthroughtheiceinAntarctica,scientistshavefoundthat .

A.thelowesttemperaturethereis

B.thedepthoficeis3,000meters

C.theicehasexistedfor15,000years

D.snowfallsarekeptincertainpatterns

10.Theinformationoftheglobalclimateconditionsinthepastcanbeobtainedthrough .

A.separatingcarbondioxidefromtheair

B.examiningthegrowthringsoftrees

C.comparingtemperaturesindifferentareas

D.studyingtheiceandaircaughtineachlayer

11.WecaninferfromEricWolff'swordsthat .

A.thereissomethingwrongwiththedata

B.greenhouseeffectisalwaysabadthing

C.anewiceagewillnotcomeinthenearfuture

D.greenhousegaswillgetthickinthefuture

12.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ResearchovertheAntarcticarea

B.Warmperiodtolastabout15,000years

C.Reportontheeighticeagesinthepast

D.Hollywoodmoviesandtheglobalclimate

D

Tuvalu,atinycountryinthePacificOcean,hasaskedforhelpasitfearsitwillbeswallowedupbythesea.

StormsandhugewavesareaconstantthreatandnoneofTuvalu'sninelittleislandsismorethanfivemetresabovesealevel.Saltwaterisalreadyenteringthecountry'sdrinkingwatersupply,aswellasdamagingplantsthatproducefruitandvegetable.Withouturgenthelp,thecountry'sdaysarenumbered.

ButTuvaluisnotthefirstplacetofacesinkingintothesea.Venice,ahistoriccityinItalybestknownforitscanals,hassunkabout24cmoverthepast100years.Expertssaythatitwillhavesunkanother2050cmby2050.Acenturyago,St.Mark'sSquare,thelowestpointinthecity,floodedaboutninetimesayear.Nowadays,ithappensmorethan100times.WhileVeniceisslowlysinkingintothemudonwhichitstands,Tuvalu'srisingsealeveliscausedbyglobalwarming.

Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedbyalmost0.5centigradedegreesoverthepastcentury,scientistsexpectittorisebyextra13degreesoverthenext100years.

Warmerweathermakesglaciers（冰川）melt,addingmorewatertotheocean.Thewarmertemperaturesalsomakewaterexpand,soittakesupmorespace,causingthesealeveltorise.Thesealevelhasrisen1025cminthelast100years.

Themaincauseofglobalwarmingishumanpollution.Throughburningcoal,oilandgas,peoplehavebeenincreasingthegreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasCO2.Thisaddstothepowerofthegreenhouseeffect,makingtheplanetevenwarmer.

Manyscientistsbelievethat,ifthewarmingisnotstopped,therewillbehugeclimatechanges.Thesealevelcouldrisebyonemeterthiscentury.

Shouldthiscometrue,theseawillswallowupmillionsofhomesandtheworldwillbefloodedwith"climaterefugees"lookingforsomewheretol