公共英语五级考试试题二.docx

公共英语五级考试试题二.docx

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公共英语五级考试试题二

公共英语五级考试试题

（二）

一、ReadingComprehension（共15小题,共15.0分）Readthefollowingthreetexts．AnswerthequestionsoneachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD．

第1题

　　Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetomakewaysofsha-ringtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

　　Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomeprimaryquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Wouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?

Wouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?

Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforour-selves,ratherthanforanemployer?

Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?

　　Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldprovidetheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

　　Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportationimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplaceinwhichtheylived.

　　Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtime,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttobepaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilytohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

　　Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded--aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustra-tedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

　　Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfulltimejobs.

Thearticleconcludesthat

Athecreationofjobsforallisanimpossibility.

Boureffortsandresourcesintermsoftacklingunemploymentareinsufficient.

Cpeopleshouldbeginsupportingthemselvesbylearningapracticalskill.

Dweshouldhelpthosewhosejobsareonlypart-time.

【正确答案】：

A

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由全文看，作者支持的一种观点是“为所有人创造工作机会是不可能的”。

故应选A。

第2题

Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat

Auniversalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity.

Beconomicfreedomcamewithineveryone'scontrol.

Cpatternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged.

Dpeople'sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed.

【正确答案】：

C

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第三段中“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend，andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobere-versed．”。

故应选C。

第3题

Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat

Athehouseholdandvillagecommunitydisappearedcompletely.

Bmennowtravelledenormousdistancestotheirplacesofwork.

Cyoungandoldpeoplebecamesuperfluouscomponentsofsociety.

Dtheworkstatusofthosenotinpaidemploymentsuffered.

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第六段可知答案为D。

故应选D。

第4题

Theenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmeantthat

Apeoplewerenolongerlegallyentitledtoownland.

Bpeopleweredriventolookelsewhereformeansofsupportingthemselves.

Cpeoplewerenotadequatelycompensatedforthelossoftheirland.

Dpeoplewerebadlypaidfortheworktheymanagedtofind.

【正确答案】：

B

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第四段第一句“．．．the17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,．．．”。

故应选B。

第5题

Researchcarriedoutintherecentopinionpollsshowsthat

Aavailableemploymentshouldberestrictedtoasmallpercentageofthepopulation.

Bnewjobsmustbecreatedinordertorectifyhighunemploymentfigures.

Cavailableemploymentmustbemorewidelydistributedamongtheunemployed.

Dthenowadayhighunemploymentfiguresareatruthoflife.

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第一句“Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat，who-everistoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon，highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay．”。

故应选D。

第6题

　　Throughouthistorytherehavebeenmanyunusualtaxesleviedonsuchthingsashats,beds,baths,marriages,andfunerals.AtonetimeEnglandleviedataxonsunlightbycollectionfromeveryhouseholdwithsixormorewindows.Andaccordingtolegend,therewasaTurkishrulerwhocollectedataxeachtimehedinedwithoneofhissubjects.Why?

Topayforthewearandtearonhisteeth!

　　Differentkindsoftaxeshelptospreadthetaxburden.Anyonewhopaysataxissaidto"beartheburden"ofthetax.Theburdenofataxmayfallmoreheavilyonsomepersonsthanonothers.Thatiswhythethreelevelsofgovernmentinthiscountryuseseveralkindsoftaxes.Thisspreadstheburdenoftaxesamongmorepeople.Fromthestandpointoftheiruse,themostimportanttaxesareincometa-xes,propertytaxes,salestaxes,andestate,inheritance,andgifttaxes.Someareusedbyonlyonelevelofgovernment;othersbyorevenallthreelevels.Togetherthesedifferenttaxesmakeupwhatiscalledourtaxsystem.

　　Incometaxesarethemainsourceoffederalrevenues.Thefederalgovernmentgetsmorethanthree-fourthsofitsrevenuefromincometaxes.Asitsnameindicated,anincometaxisataxonearnings.Bothindividualsandbusinesscorporationspayafederalincometax.

　　TheoldesttaxintheUnitedStatestodayisthepropertytax.Itprovidesmostoftheincomeforlocalgovernments.Itprovidesatleastapartoftheincomeforallbutafewstates.Itisnotusedbythefederalgovernment.

　　Asalestaxisataxleviedonpurchases.MostpeoplelivingintheUnitedStatesknowaboutsalestaxessincetheyareusedinallbutfourstates.Actuallythereareseveralkindsofsalestaxes,butonlythreeofthemareimportant.Theyaregeneralsalestaxes,excisetaxes,andimporttaxes.

　　Otherthreecloselyrelatedtaxesareestate,inheritance,andgifttaxes.Everythingapersonowns,includingbothrealandpersonalproperty,makesuphisorherestate.Whensomeonedies,ownershipofhisorherpropertyorestatepassesontooneormoreindividualsororganizations.Beforetheprop-ertyistransferred,however,itissubjecttoanestatetaxifitsvalueexceedsacertainamount.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

AAnyformofpropertyissubjecttoanestatetaxwhentransferred.

BPropertytaxprovidesapartofincomeforlocalgovernment.

CThereareafewkindsofsalestaxes.

DIndividualsandcorporationsbothpayincometaxes.

【正确答案】：

A

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文最后一段最后一句可知A不对。

故应选A。

第7题

HowmanystateslevyimporttaxesintheU.S.A.?

A4

B50

C46

D54

【正确答案】：

C

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文倒数第二段可知美国只有四个州没有importtaxes。

美国一共50个州，所以应该有46个有importtaxes。

故应选C。

第8题

Thefederalgovernmentgetmostoftheirincomefrom

Apropertytax.

Bincometax.

Csalestax.

Destatetax.

【正确答案】：

B

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第三段第一句“Incometaxesarethemainsourceoffederalrevenues．”可知答案为B。

故应选B。

第9题

Thegovernmentleviesdifferentkindsoftaxessothat

Atherichhavetopaymoreandthepoorless.

Bawiderrangeoftaxpayerscanbeincluded.

Ceachofthreelevelsofgovernmentcouldgettaxmoney.

Dtheburdenoftaxesfallsevenlyoneverybody.

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第二段中的“Differentkindsoftaxeshelptospreadthetaxburden...。

Thatiswhythethreelevelsofgovernmentinthiscountry...thisspreadstheburdenoftaxesamongmorepeople．”可知答案为D。

故应选D。

第10题

ThereasonthattheTurkishrulercollectedadiningtaxistopayfor

Atheinconvenienceforhimtoputonandtakeoffclothes.

Bthedamagethateatingdidtohisteeth.

Chiseffortstocutthefoodintopieces.

Dthedecayofhisteethbecauseofsugar.

【正确答案】：

B

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]由短文第一段中的“Andaccordingtolegend，therewasaTurkishrulerwho...Topayforthewearandtearonhisteeth．”可知答案为B。

故应选B。

第11题

　　WorldleadersmetrecentlyatUnitedNationsheadquartersinNewYorkCitytodiscusstheenvironmentalissuesraisedattheRioEarthSummitin1992.TheheadsofstateweresupposedtodecidewhatfurtherstepsshouldbetakentohaltthedeclineofEarth'slife-supportsystems.Infact,thismeetinghadmuchtheflavouroftheoriginalEarthSummit.Towit:

emptypromises,hollowrhetoric,bickeringbetweenrichandpoor,andirrelevantinitiatives.ThinkU.S.Congressinslowmotion.

　　Almostobscuredbythistorporisthefactthattherehasbeensomeremarkableprogressoverthepastfiveyears--realchangesintheattitudeofordinarypeopleintheThirdWorldtowardfamilysizeandadawningrealisationthatenvironmentaldegradationandtheirownwell-beingareintimately,andinversely,linked.Almostnoneofthis,however,hasanythingtodowithwhatthebureaucratsaccomplishedinRio.

　　Oritdidn'taccomplish.OneitemontheagendaatRio,