英语国家概况学习心得与体会.docx
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英语国家概况学习心得与体会
《英语国家概况》学习心得与体会
英语国家概况(英美概况),雨婷认为是所有科目中最难的一科了!
英概的出题范围很广,书中的每一句话都可能成为考题,尤其是选择题、填空题、改错题。
从历年考题上看,英、美两国概况所占分值比较大,其他几国相对少些。
其中以英、美两国的政治、经济、历史、教育、文化等方面为主,地理次之。
大家首先一定要把教材看透,如果感觉生词太多,可以先通读全文,然后把生词的释义及音标标注出来,再通读全文;若有英汉对照本,那学起来就更方便了!
(呵呵,雨婷当时考的时候可没买到这本小册子。
)然后把以下几方面单独整理出来,常看常记,雨婷觉得考题中会常出现的。
当然这并不是雨婷在押题,而只是总结自己的考试经验而已,各位不要想偏了噢!
!
!
^v^1、世界之最(国家之最、城市之最);2、名作家作品;3、著名城市的地理位置;4、世界著名大学所在地及概况;5、各国历史(年代表);6、历界总结;7、各国首都。
这几天雨婷将英、美两国的“之最”(世界之最、国家之最、城市之最等等)整理了一下,会贴出来的。
至于其他方面,因为最近实在抽不出时间来,过阵子时间充足了,再好好整理整理!
快考试了,加油噢!
以下是英国之最(世界、国家、城市之最)及少部分英国作家作品等。
声明:
并非押题!
!
!
这可是雨婷花了整整一天的时间、一个字母一个字母打出来的,呵呵,雨婷还是第一次打这么多的英文呢,感觉比打汉字费时多了!
因为时间比较仓促,难免会有错误之处,望多涵噢!
下次会打出美国之最(世界、国家、城市之最)及少部分美国作家作品等。
1、EnglandisthemostimportantpartoftheKingdominwealth,size,andpopulation.
2、BenNevisisthehighestmountaininBritain.Itis1343meters.
3、TheNorthSeaisthefirsthighqualitypetroleum.
4、Britainisoneoftheworld’smostadvancedmanufacturingandtradingnations.
5、TheBritisheconomywasthefirsttohavebeenfullyindustrialized.
6、Thecottonindustry,thelargestbranch,hasundergoneaseverecontraction.
7、TheBritishagriculturalindustryisoneofthemostefficientinEurope.
8、Theearliestinvasionisthatbythedark-hairedMediterraneanracecalledtheIberians.
9、BirminghamisthesecondlargestcityinEngland.
10、LiverpoolisthesecondlargestportofEngland.
11、BeforethegreatIceAge,GreatBritainwasjoinedtothecontinentofEurope.ItwasthenthatmenfirstcametoBritain.
12、Alfredwasconsideredthefirstnationalhero.
13、NormandywasthemosthighlyorganizedstateinEuropeatthattime.
14、Therewereanumberoflords,butthemostimportantclasswastheknights.
15、TheNormanswerethefinestfightinghorsemen.
16、Attheendofthecentury,themostwell-knowncompany,theEastIndiaCompanywasformed.
17、TheEnglishRenaissance’sfinestexponentswereChristopherMalovve,BenJohnson,andWilliamShakespeare.ThegreatestdramatistoftheagewasShakespeare.
18、Theearly17thcenturywasaperiodofthemostacuteclassstrugglebetweenthebourgeoisieandthefeudalistswiththeKingastheirhead.
19、EconomicrecoverywasthemostdifficulttaskfortheCommonwealth.In1651ParliamentpassedthefirstNavigationAct.
20、ThemostnotoriouslycomiptoftheWhigstatesmeninthathalfcenturywasRobertWalpole.
21、In1761thefirstextensivecanalwasopened.In1814GeorgeStephensonconstructedthefirstsuccessfulsteamlocomotive.
22、Theeconomicboomwhichbeganin1824collapsedin1825,causingthefirstofmanyperiodiceconomiccrisesintheworld.
23、In1840underthepretextofprotectinghertrade,BritainlaunchedanaggressivewaragainstChina.ThiswastheOpiumWar.
24、Fromthemid-19thcenturyonwardanumberofBritishcolonieswereorganizedintodominiors.ThedominionofCanadawasthefirstBritishdominiontobesoorganized.
25、TheThirdReformBillof1884andtheRedistributionActof1885wasthemostimportantofreforms.
26、TheIrishquestiononeoftheoldestissuescreatedthegreatestdifficulties.
27、InforeignpolicythemostimportantachievementwastheLocarnoTreatyof1926.
28、Intheearly1950’s,Britain’sfirstatomicbombwastested,joininghertotheUSandtheUSSRasanuclearpower.
29、MargaretThatcherwasthefirstfemalePrimeMinisterinthenation’shistory.
30、In1981,theHumberBridgewascompletedat4626feettheworld’slongestSuspensionBridge.Theworld’slongesthigh-speedopiticalfiberlinkconnectedBirminghamwithLondon.
31、Thelongestministryofthecentury,ithadglorifiedtheVictorianvaluesofself-helpandnationalism.
32、JohnMajorbecamethefirstWesternleadertovisitliberatedKuwait.
33、TheEuropeanUnionistheworld’slargesttradingbloc.
34、TheworldfamousuniversitiesOxfordandCambridge,aretheoldestonesdatingfrom1167and1284.
35、DurhamUniversitycameintobeingin1832,theoldestuniversityinthisgroupandthefirstEnglishuniversityafterOxfordandCambridge.
36、Alargegroupofnineteenthandtwentiethcenturyuniversitieswerefoundedinmostofthebiggestindustrialtownsandinafewothercentres.Theystartedas“universitycolleges”.
37、TheearlistknownprintednewspaperinBritainwaspublishedin1513.ItwascalledTreweEncountre.
38、TheTimesisthemostfamousofallBritishpapersandtheoldestatthat.
39、ThemostimportantPeriodicalsaretheEconomist,NewStatesman,Spectator,NewSociety,PrivateEyeandNewScientist.
40、Britishradioandtelevisionplayanimportantpartindailylife,socialactivities,culturalandeducationalcauses.Theyarechieflyrunbythreecompanies:
theBritishBroadcastingCorporation(B.B.C),theIndependentTelevisionCommission(I.T.C),andtheRadioAuthority,thoughtherearemanycommercial,companies.
41、ThePressAssociationLtd.whichwasfoundedbyprovincialnewspapersonaco-operativebasisin1868istheoldestandlargestnewsagencyoperatingexclusivelyinBritain.
42、Associationfootball(orsoccer)claimsthehighestpopularattendanceinthecountry.
43、GolfisprobablythemostattractiveofBritishsports.
44、Stephenson’s‘Rocket’isthemostfamousofallsteamlocomotives.
45、JohnDaltonwasanEnglishchemistandphysicist,whoisbestknownfordevelopinganatomictheoryinwhichtheelementsarecharacterizedbydifferentsizesandweights.
46、Thebest-knownscientificachievementinthenineteenthcenturywasCharlesRobertDarwin’sdevelopmentofatheoryofevolution.
47、ThenumberoftheBritishNoblePrizewinnersinsciencebeforeWorldWarⅡisthelargestintheworld.
48、Fableswhichareaboutanimalsorsupernaturalpersonsorincidentsandwhosepurposeisteachingamoralareprobablytheearliestformofstory-telling.
49、Thebest-lovedstoryisaboutRobinHoodwhowasapopularherolivingunderthegreenwoodwithhismen,takingfromtherichandgivingtothepoorandwagingwaragainstbishopsandarchbishops.BythetimewegettotheMiddleAges,wefindthefirstgreatEnglishpoet,Chaucer.
50、InthesixteethcenturyThomasMoreissuedhismasterpieceUtopiaintwobooks,thefirstofwhichcontainsalongconversiationonthesocialconditionofEngland.
51、DuringthePuritanperiod(orintheseventeethcentury)JohnBunyanwasacommandingprosewriterandJohnMiltonwasanoutstandingpoet.Bunyanwroteotherworks,suchastheHolyWar,GraceAboundingtotheChiefofsinners.
52、DanielDefoeandhisRobinsonCrusoeandJonathanSwiftandhisGulliver’sTravelsbelongtothisperiod.
53、SamuelRichardsonisanothernovelistrenownedasastoryteller.Hechosetheepistolataryfromandwrote“thefirstmodernnovel.”
54、Thenineteenthcenturywasthegoldenageofthenovel.Therewerealotofnovelists,thegreatestofwhomwasCharlesDickens.Heislookeduponasoneofthegreatestcreativewriterswhoeverlived.
55、ThecomicmasterpieceofwhichDickenswastheproudest,isPicwickPapers.DavidCopperfield,whichislarglybasedonhimself,isperhapshisbestnovel.Otherwell-knownnovelsinclude.TheOldCuriosityShop,HardTimes,GreatExpectations,ATaleofTwoLitiesandDombeyandSon.
56、WalterScottwasapoetandfamousScottishhistoricalnovelist,whowrotemuch.AmonghisnovelsandWaverley,GuyMannering,Kenilworth,WoodstockandQuentinDurward.HisbestknownnovelisIvanhoe,hisbestnovelisTheHeartofMidlothian.
57、WilliamMakepeaceTackeray,wholargelywroteaboutmiddle-classsociety.HewroteTheHistoryofPenDennis,TheHistoryofHenryEsmond,TheNewcomerstheVirginians.
58、Nineteenth-centuryEnglandalsoproducedmanygreatwomennovelists,theearliestofwhomwasperhapsJaneAusten.Hermostwidely-readnovelisPrideandPrejudice,thoughthreeothers,SenseandSensibility,EmmaandMansefieldPark,haveslowlywontheirwaytothefrontrankoffiction.
59、JosephRudyardKiplingwasthefirstBritishnovelisttowintheNobelPrize,whichhedidin1907.
60、DavidHerbertLawrencewasaninnovatorofpsychologicalfictionandoneofthemostcontroversialwritersoftheearly20thcentury,surpassedonlybyJamesJoyceintheamountofoppositionwhichwascausedbyhisworks.HismajorworksareSonsandLovers,theRainbow,WomenInLove,Kangaroo,thePlumedSerpentandLadyChatterley’sLover.
61、JamesJoycewasconsideredintheWestandthemostimportantandinfluentialnovelistwritinginEnglish.
62、Thenameof HerbertGeorgeWellsiscloselyassociatedwithsciencefiction.TheTimeMachine,TheIslandofPr.Moreau,TheInvisibleMan,WhentheSleeperWakesandTheShapeofThingstocomearehisbestworksaboutscience.
63、JohnGalsworthywasoneofthemostprominentBritishnovelistsanddramatistsofthetwentiethcentury.HismaidenworkisFromtheFourWinds.
64、AnotherNobelPrizewinnerwasBertrandRussell,whowasaphilosopher,mathematician,logicianandnovelist.HegothisNoblePrizein1950.
65、GeoffreyChaucer,thefatherofEnglishpoetry,describesapartyofpilgrimsgoingtoCanterburyinhismasterpieceTheCanterburyTales.
66、ThegreatestEnglishrevolutionarypoetoftheseventeenthcenturywasJohnMilton,whomwerememberchieflyforhislongepicintwelvebooksParadiseLost,whichmainlytellsthestoryofAdamandEreintheGardenofEden.
67、TwoofthegreatestnamesinthepoetryofthiscenturyareWilliamButlerYeatsandThomasSteamsEliot.TheSecondComing,oneoftheYeats’smostfamouspoems,hismostfamousworksareThewindAmongtheweeds,Responsibilities,TheTower,TheWindingstairsandThelandofHeart’sDesire(aplayof1914).
68、EliotwasborninAmericanbuthebecameaBritishsubjectin1927.Hisbestknownwork,TheWasteLand,causedanuproarbecauseofitsoriginalityandoftheseverityofitsattack