chapter 8 for students.docx

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chapter8forstudents

BusinessEssentials,8e（Ebert/Griffin）

Chapter8EmployeeBehaviorandMotivation

1）Performancebehaviorscontributedirectlytocompanyproductivity.

2）Emotionalintelligencedoesnotplayaroleinemployeepersonality.

3）Somepeopleusethewordmoraleinsteadofjobsatisfaction.

4）Apsychologicalcontractisaperson'ssetofexpectationsregardingwhatheorshewillcontributetotheorganizationandwhattheorganizationwillprovideinreturn.

5）Intermsofapsychologicalcontract,inducementsrepresentwhatemployeeswillcontributetoanorganization.

6）Accordingtotheclassicaltheoryofmotivation,attentionfromthesupervisorismoreofamotivatorthanmoney.

7）AccordingtoTheoryYmanagers,employeesareresistanttochangeandseekresponsibility.

8）AccordingtoMaslow,needsarehierarchicalbecauselower-levelneedsmustbemetbeforehigher-levelneeds.

9）Two-factortheoryexaminestherelationshipbetweeneffortandperformance.

10）Accordingtoexpectancytheory,peoplearemotivatedtoworktowardrewardsthattheywantandthattheybelievetheyhaveareasonablechanceofobtaining.

11）Whenpeoplefeeltheyarebeinginequitablytreated,theyarelikelytoaskforraises,increasetheirefforts,andworklongerhours.

12）Theessencebehindmanagementbyobjectives（MBO）isthatperformancegoalsareusedtodirectandmotivatebehavior.

13）Participationandempowermentworkmoreeffectivelyinlargefirmsthaninsmallfirms.

14）Jobrotationisaformofjobenrichment.

15）Withjobrotation,conventionalofficespaceisredesignedtoaccommodatejobsthatarelessdependentonassignedspaces.

16）Withjobsharing,companiesoftenexperienceincreasedturnover.

17）Underaflextimeprogram,employeescanchoosetheirownworkhours,withinguidelinessetbytheemployer.

18）Performancebehaviorsarealwayseasytoassess.

19）Thebenefitsoforganizationalcitizenshiparemoreindirectthanthebenefitsofperformancebehaviors.

20）Empathyisadimensionofemotionalintelligence.

21）Highlevelsofjobsatisfactioninevitablyleadtohigherlevelsofproductivity.

22）Ifanemployeesensesinequityinthepsychologicalcontract,he/shemaylookforabetterjobelsewhere.

23）Allorganizationsfacethebasicchallengeofmanagingpsychologicalcontracts.

24）Agoodperson-jobfitisoneinwhichtheemployee'scontributionsmatchtheinducementstheorganizationoffers.

25）TheresearchersstudyingtheHawthorneWorksconcludedthatproductivityroseinresponsetoalmostanymanagementactionthatworkersinterpretedasspecialattention.

26）McGregorarguedthatTheoryYmanagersarelesslikelytohavesatisfied,motivatedemployees.

27）AccordingtoMaslow'shierarchyofneeds,onceasetofneedshasbeensatisfied,itceasestomotivatebehavior.

28）AccordingtoMaslow,asetofneedscontinuestomotivatebehaviorevenafterthesetofneedshasbeensatisfied.

29）Individualsmaysatisfysocialneedsbymakingandmaintainingfriendshipsatwork.

30）AccordingtoHerzberg'stwo-factortheory,managersshouldensurehygienefactorsareacceptable,thenoffermotivationfactorsasameansofimprovingsatisfactionandmotivation.

31）AccordingtoHerzberg'stwo-factortheory,peoplearemotivatedtoworktowardrewardsthattheywantandthattheybelievetheyhaveareasonablechanceofobtaining.

32）Equitytheoryisbasedonthepremisethatworkerspreferaworkplacewhereallemployeesarepaidequally.

33）Positivereinforcementisusedwhenacompanyormanagerprovidesarewardwhenemployeesexhibitdesiredbehaviors.

34）Accordingtomanyexperts,motivationalimpactisthebiggestadvantageofMBO.

35）Theuseofteamscanincreasemotivationandjobsatisfaction.

36）Inawork-shareprogram,employeesworkinteamstoachievegoals.

37）Balancinganxiety,fear,andangersothattheydonotoverlyinterferewithgettingthingsaccomplishedisapartofemotionalintelligence.

38）Accordingtoresearch,emotionalintelligencecannotbedevelopedorlearned.

39）Organizationalcommitmentreflectsanindividual'sidentificationwiththeorganizationanditsmission.

40）Individualswithhighlevelsoforganizationalcommitmentareunlikelytooverlookminorsourcesofdissatisfaction.

41）Amongthenewformsofinducementssomecompaniesareprovidingareadditionaltrainingopportunitiesandincreasedflexibilityinworkschedules.

42）FollowingtheHawthornestudies,managersbegantofocusmoreonmoneyandothertangiblemotivatorsintheworkplace.

43）Hygienefactorsaffectmotivationonlyiftheyareabsentorfailtomeetexpectations.

44）Motivationfactorsaredirectlyrelatedtotheworkthatemployeesperform;hygienefactorsrefertotheenvironmentinwhichtheywork.

45）Evenifhygienefactorshavebeensatisfied,atleastonemotivationfactormustbepresentforanemployeetobemotivated.

46）ExpectancytheorysuggeststhatastudentwillstudyharderifshethinksthereisagreaterchanceofgettinganA.

47）Foranindividualtofeelequitablytreated,hisratioofcontributiontoreturnmustbethesameastheotherindividual'sratiowithwhomheorsheiscomparing.

48）Foranindividualtofeelequitablytreated,herratioofcontributiontoreturnmustonlybefair,notnecessarilythesame,whencomparedwithotherindividuals'ratios.

49）MBOinvolvesmanagersandsubordinatesinsettinggoalsandevaluatingprogress.

50）Jobenrichmentincludescombiningtasks,formingnaturalworkgroups,andestablishingclientrelationships.

51）________isthepatternofactionsbymembersofanorganizationthatdirectlyorindirectlyinfluencestheorganization'seffectiveness.

A）Organizationalcitizenship

B）Employeebehavior

C）Performancebehavior

D）Counterproductivebehavior

52）________arethetotalsetofwork-relatedbehaviorsthattheorganizationexpectsemployeestodisplay.

A）Organizationalcitizenship

B）Performancebehaviors

C）Counterproductivebehaviors

D）Employeesbehaviors

53）________isthepositivebehaviorsthatdonotdirectlycontributetothebottomline.

A）Performancebehavior

B）Employeebehavior

C）Counterproductivebehavior

D）Organizationalcitizenship

54）Counterproductivebehaviorsincludeallbutwhichofthefollowing?

A）absenteeism

B）turnover

C）theft

D）emotionality

55）Whichstatementistrueregardingindividualdifferences?

A）Individualdifferencesvaryfrompersontoperson.

B）Individualdifferencesamongemployeesfocusprimarilyonphysicaldifferences.

C）Individualdifferencesamongemployeesarenotlikelytobeemotional.

D）Individualdifferencesarerarelyphysical.

56）Personalityandattitudesaredimensionsof________.

A）emotionalintelligence

B）individualdifferencesamongemployees

C）agreeableness

D）emotionality

57）Agreeableness,emotionality,andextroversionareallpartof________.

A）EQ

B）emotionalintelligence

C）personality

D）attitude

58）________referstoone'sabilitytogetalongwithothers.

A）Self-awareness

B）Managingemotions

C）Empathy

D）Agreeableness

59）Self-awareness,empathy,andsocialskillsareallpartof________.

A）attitudes

B）emotionalintelligence

C）personality

D）self-esteem

60）________referstoone'sabilitytounderstandhowothersfeel.

A）Self-awareness

B）Managingemotions

C）Empathy

D）Agreeableness

61）Moraleissometimesreferredtoas________.

A）jobsatisfaction

B）agreeableness

C）self-awareness

D）organizationalcommitment

62）Anotherwordforjobsatisfactionis________.

A）humanrelations

B）jobplacement

C）morale

D）motivation

63）A（n）________isthesetofexpectationsheldbyemployeesconcerningwhattheywillcontributetoanorganizationandwhattheorganizationwillprovideinreturn.

A）psychologicalcontract

B）employeecontract

C）inducement

D）contribution

64）Agoodperson-jobfitisasituationinwhich________.

A）theemployee'scontributionsandthecompany'sinducementsbalance

B）theemployee'scontributionsslightlyexceedthecompany'sinducements

C）thecompany'sinducementsslightlyexceedtheemployee'scontributions

D）thepersonhiredforthejobisqualifiedforit

65）Thesetofforcesthatcausepeopletobehaveincertainwaysiscalled________.

A）morale

B）satisfaction

C）behaviormodification

D）motivation

66）Accordingtowhichtheoryareworkersmotivatedsolelybymoney?

A）behaviortheory

B）humanrelationstheory

C）two-factortheory

D）classicaltheory

67）________isthetendencyforproductivitytoincreasewhenworkersbelievetheyarereceivingspecialattentionfrommanagement.

A）TheHawthorneeffect

B）Behaviormodification

C）Positivereinforcement

D）Expectancy

68）Managerswhosubscribeto________believethatpeoplearenaturallylazyanduncooperativeandmustbeeitherpunishedorrewardedtobemadeproductive.

A）two-factortheory

B）TheoryY

C）TheoryX

D）equitytheory

69）Managerswhosubscribeto________believethatpeoplearenaturallyenergetic,growth-oriented,self-motivated,andinterestedinbeingproductive.

A）scientificmanagement

B）TheoryX

C）TheoryY

D）two-factortheory

70）Douglasbelievesthathisemployeesareself-motivatedandgrowth-oriented.Heisa________manager.

A）classical

B）TheoryY

C）TheoryX

D）Hierarchical

71）Accordingtowhichofthefollowingtheoristsdojobsatisfactionanddissatisfactiondependonhygieneandmotivationfactors?

A）McGregor

B）Taylor

C）Maslow

D）Herzberg

72）Whichofthefollowingtheoriessuggestthatpeoplearemotivatedtoworktowardrewardsthattheywantandthattheybelievethey